이 연구 프로젝트 140413의 일환으로 GreenPAC 폴리머 응용 프로그램 센터에 의해 지원 되었다: "3D 인쇄 생산에". 알 버트 하트, 코 린 반 Noordenne를 인정 하 고 싶습니다, 그리고 Rens 반 우 벤, Anniek Bruins, Femke Tamminga, 티 져 밴 Dijken와 앨버트 Woortman 비디오 촬영 촉진을 위한.

주의: 사용 하기 전에 모든 관련 물질 안전 데이터 시트 (MSDS)를 참조 하십시오.
1입니다. Photocurable 수 지의 준비
참고: 다음 절차 동안 개인 보호 장비 (보호 안경, 장갑, 랩 코트)를 사용 하십시오. 이 섹션에 대 한 자세한 내용은 우리의 이전 작품12 를 참조 하십시오.
<ol><li>500 mL 삼각 플라스 크에에서 1,10 decanediol 빛 (SA5201)의 50 g을 붓는 다.</li>
	<li>1.0 g의 추가 diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine 산화물 (TPO) 및의 2, 5-0.40 gbis(5-tert-부 틸-benzoxazol-2-yl) 플라스 크를 thiophene (: BBOT).</li>
	<li>기계적인 교 반기와 플라스 크를 장비 하 고 TPO와: BBOT 아크릴 모노 머에서 분해 하기 위하여 실 온에서 5 분 동안 200 rpm에 혼합물을 저 어.</li>
	<li>Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate의 및 다기능 에폭시 아크릴레이트의 100 g 100 g 추가 ( 재료의 표참조) 혼합물에.</li>
	<li>균질 수 지를 보장 하기 위해 50 ° C에서 30 분 동안 200 rpm에 혼합물을 저 어.</li>
	<li>기계적 교 반기를 제거 하 고 스 토퍼와 함께 플라스 크에 맞게. 플라스 크는 빛에서 유기 아크릴 photopolymer 수 지 (BAPR)를 보호 하기 위해 알루미늄 호 일에 싸여 있다. 참고: 프로토콜 수 수 일시 중지 여기.</li>
	<li>커버는 photoresin 병렬 플레이트 형상 가진 고분자의 하단 접시.</li>
	<li>1 m m 판 사이의 간격을 설정 하 고 자외선 방지 후드와 함께 고분자를 커버.</li>
	<li>100 s-1;을 0.1에서 전단 속도로 실 온에서 수 지 점도 측정 예를 들어,0.100, 0.126, 0.158, 0.200, 0.251, 0.316, 0.398, 0.501, 0.631, 0.794, 1.00, 1.26, 1.58, 2.00, 2.51, 3.16, 3.98, 5.01, 6.31, 7.94, 10.0, 12.6, 15.8, 20.0, 25.1, 31.6, 39.8, 50.1, 63.1, 79.4, 및 100 s-1.</li>
</ol>2. Stereolithographic 유기 아크릴레이트와 3D 인쇄
참고:이 섹션에 대 한 자세한 내용은 우리의 이전 작품12 를 참조 하십시오.
<ol><li>SLA 3D 프린터를 켜고 열기 모드를 선택 합니다.</li>
	<li>컴퓨터에 모델 준비 소프트웨어를 시작 합니다. 원하는 인쇄 설정 선택 하십시오: 자료 (일반), 버전 (버전 4) 및 레이어 두께 (50 µ m).</li>
	<li>복잡 한 모양의 프로토 타입, 표준 테셀레이션 언어 (.stl) 파일의 디지털 모델을 열고 ( 추가 코딩 파일참조) 위치와 빌드 플랫폼에서 방향을 선택 하십시오.  모델 준비 소프트웨어에서 SLA 3D 프린터에 인쇄 작업을 업로드. 참고: 제품의 아키텍처에 따라 지원 구조는 제조 동안 구조를 안정화 하기 위해 3D 모델에 통합할 수 있습니다. 여기 설명 복잡 한 모양의 프로토 타입의 경우 빌드 방향에 정상적인 인쇄 하는 경우 지원 구조 필요 하지 않습니다.</li>
	<li>수 지 탱크에 유기 photoresin의 200 mL를 붓으십시오. 3D 프린터를 열고 제대로 수 지 탱크를 탑재 합니다.</li>
	<li>빌드 플랫폼을 탑재 하 고 3 차원 프린터를 닫습니다.</li>
	<li>인쇄 작업을 시작 합니다.</li>
	<li>3D 프린터 복잡 한 모양의 시 제품을 날조 하는 것을 허용 한다.  인쇄 작업이 완료 될 때까지 프린터를 열지 마십시오. 참고: 인쇄를 하기 전에 3D 프린터 뻗 었 있는지 확인 합니다. 시연된 프로토콜에 대 한 UV 레이저 파장은 405 nm. 개체의 인쇄 시간 2.5 h입니다.</li>
</ol>3. 3D의 후 처리 개체 인쇄
참고: 다음 절차 동안 개인 보호 장비 (보호 안경, 장갑)을 사용 하십시오.
<ol><li>인쇄 작업이 완료 되 면 프린터를 엽니다. 생산 부품, 빌드 플랫폼을 제거 하 고 프린터를 닫습니다.</li>
	<li>세척 역, 이소프로필 알코올, 가득 열고 빌드 플랫폼을 삽입 합니다. 절차 및 어떤 unreacted 수 지 제거를 20 분 동안 린스를 시작 합니다.</li>
	<li>헹 구는 프로시저가 끝날 때 세척 역에서 빌드 플랫폼을 제거 하 고 빌드 플랫폼에서 프로토 타입을 분리.</li>
	<li>30 분 동안 건조 공기를 프로토 타입을 하실 수 있습니다. 한편, 60 ° c.에서 UV 오븐을 예 열 참고: 열 이상 15 분 소요 됩니다. 오븐의 자외선 파장은 405 nm, SLA 레이저의 파장에 동일.</li>
	<li>UV 오븐을 열고 회전 하는 플랫폼에 프로토 타입을 신속 하 게 배치 합니다. UV 오븐 및 완전 한 변환 되도록 60 ° C에서 60 분에 대 한 치료를 닫습니다.</li>
	<li>후 치료 절차 완료 되 면 UV 오븐을 열고 꺼내 시.</li>
</ol>4. 복잡 한 모양의 시 제품의 표면 형태의 특성
참고:이 섹션에 대 한 자세한 내용은 우리의 이전 작품12 를 참조 하십시오.
<ol><li>잘라 ca. 면도날을 사용 하 여 복잡 한 모양의 프로토타입에서 내부 나선형의 1 cm.</li>
	<li>더블 양면된 탄소 전도성 테이프와 샘플 홀더를 샘플을 연결 합니다.</li>
	<li>이미징, 이전 30 샘플 코트 스퍼터 링 시스템에 nm Pt/Pd (80:20).</li>
	<li>5의 가속 전압에서 작동 하는 스캐닝 전자 현미경 샘플 삽입 kV. 120 X 확대 및 30 X에서 샘플의 여러 이미지 획득.</li>
</ol>

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저자는 공개 없다.

첨가제 제조 때 부분 당 더 높은 생산 비용 이후 생산 금형 및 도구에 대 한 필요가 없습니다 기존의 프로세스와 경쟁할 수 있는 맞춤형 프로토 타입 및 작은 시리즈의 제작에 적용 됩니다. 지난 10 년간에서 서비스 및 첨가제 제조 관련 제품에서 수익13기 하 급수적으로 성장 했다. 광에서 소재 매출의 큰 부분이 이다. 성장 주의 끌었다 고 주요 산업, 예를 들어, 항공 우주, ?...

신속한 프로토 타입-주문형 제작 및 디자인 자유를 가능 하 게 하 고 3D의 효율적인 제조 레이어, 레이어 방식1에 생성 수 있습니다. 그 결과, 제조 기술로 3D 인쇄 최근 몇 년 동안2에 급속 하 게 개발 했다. 다양 한 기술을 사용할 수 있습니다, 모든 물리적 개체로 가상 모델의 번역에 의존 압출, 직접 에너지 공 술 서, 분말 응고, 시트 적 층 및 photopolymerization 등의 프로세스를 적용. 후자의 stepwise 액체 photopolymer 수 지의 UV 경화를 포함 한다. 1986 년에, 선체와 동료 스테레오 리소 그래피 장치 (SLA), UV 레이저 기반 3D 프린터 개발. 더 최근에, 디지털 빛 가공 (DLP) 라는 비슷한 프로세스는 photopolymerization 가벼운 프로젝터 시작에서 사용할 수 되고있다. 함께, DLP 및 SLA 라고를 스테레오 리소 그래피 3D 인쇄3.
SLA는 고해상도 프로토타이핑 및 생물 의학 장치4,5의 제조에 적용 됩니다. 이 기술은 뛰어난 정확성, 표면 마무리 및 해상도6(FDM) 모델링 널리 융합된 증 착 이다. 제품의 아키텍처에 따라 지원 구조는 제조 동안 구조를 안정화 하기 위해 3D 모델에 통합 됩니다. 또한, 제조 부품의 후 인쇄 처리 필요7,8이다. 일반적으로, 인쇄 된 개체를 unreacted 수 지, 해산 알코올 목욕에 세척 되 고 합9의 전체 변환 되도록 수행 됩니다 UV 오븐에 후속 치료.
일반적으로, 수 지 첨가제 제조 리소 그래피 기반 다기능 아크릴레이트 또는 epoxides10를 포함 하는 photocurable 시스템에 의존 합니다. 상업 시장에 현재 photopolymer 수 지는 화석 기반 및 비싼, 낮은-비용 재생 수 지의 가용성 유기 경제1 에 대 한 지속 가능한 3D 제품의 폐기물 및 현지 생산을 촉진 하기 위하여 필요 , 6. 최근, photopolymer 수 지 재생 아크릴레이트에 따라 개발 되었고 성공적으로 스테레오 리소 그래피 3D 인쇄11,12에 적용. 이 상세한 프로토콜, 상용 스테레오 리소 그래피 장치에 유기 수 지와 모형을 보여 줍니다. 특별 한 주의 첨가제 제조의 분야에서 새로운 실무자를 돕기 위해 수 지 배합 및 후 인쇄 치료 절차, 즉, 의 중요 한 단계에 지급 됩니다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Isobornyl acrylate&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Sartomer</td><td>SA5102</td><td>Acrylate monomer</td></tr><tr><td>1,10-decanediol diacrylate</td><td>Sartomer</td><td>SA5201</td><td>Acrylate monomer</td></tr><tr><td>Pentaerythritol tetraacrylate</td><td>Sartomer</td><td>SA5400</td><td>Acrylate monomer</td></tr><tr><td>Multifunctional epoxy acrylate</td><td>Sartomer</td><td>SA7101</td><td>Acrylate oligomer</td></tr><tr><td>Diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO), 97%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>415952</td><td>Photoinitiator</td></tr><tr><td>2,5-bis(5-&lt;em&gt;tert&lt;/em&gt;-butyl-benzoxazol-2-yl)thiophene (BBOT), 99%</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>223999</td><td>Optical absorber</td></tr><tr><td>Isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 99%</td><td>Bleko</td><td>1010500</td><td>For alcohol bath (applied in Form Wash)</td></tr><tr><td>Paar Physica MCR300&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Anton Paar</td><td>-</td><td>Rheometer with parallel plate geometry</td></tr><tr><td>Form 2 Printer</td><td>Formlabs</td><td>-</td><td>Desktop SLA 3D printer</td></tr><tr><td>Form Wash&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Formlabs</td><td>-</td><td>Washing station</td></tr><tr><td>Form Cure</td><td>Formlabs</td><td>-</td><td>UV oven</td></tr><tr><td>Instron 4301 1KN Series IX</td><td>Instron</td><td>-</td><td>Universal testing machine</td></tr><tr><td>Philips XL30 ESEM-FEG&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Philips</td><td>-</td><td>Scanning electron microscope</td></tr></tbody></table>

stereolithographic 3d printing with renewable acrylates

비용 경쟁력 재생 재료 및 첨가제 제조에 응용 프로그램의 내게 필요한 옵션은 효율적인 유기 경제에 대 한 필수적입니다. Stereolithographic 3D 프린터를 사용 하 여 지속 가능한 수 지의 모형을 보여 줍니다. 수 지 배합 photoinitiatior와 광학 흡수 유기 아크릴 단위체와 올리고의 간단 혼합 하 여 이루어진다. 수 지 점도 모노 머 올리고 머 비율에 의해 제어 됩니다과 병렬 플레이트 형상과 고분자에 의해 전단 속도의 기능으로 결정 됩니다. 유기 수 지로 청구 하는 stereolithographic 장치는 높은 정확도 가진 복잡 한 모양의 시 제품을 생산 하기 위해 채택 된다. 제품은 알코올 세 정 및 완전 한 경화 되도록 UV 방사선 조사를 포함 하 여 사후 치료를 필요 합니다. 높은 기능 해상도 우수한 표면 마무리는 프로토 타입의 스캐닝 전자 현미경 검사 법에 의해 드러났습니다.

4 대표적인 수 지 작곡 표 1, 함께 그들의 평균 유기 탄소 함량 (BC)는 개별 구성 요소에서 파생 된에 표시 됩니다. 수 지 점도 (그림 1) 아크릴 단위체와 올리고의 비율에 의해 영향을 하 고 일반적으로 뉴턴의 동작을 보여 줍니다. 다양 한 수 지에서 제조 하는 부품의 기계적 성질은 응력 분석에 의해 결정 했다. 그림 2...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates at JoVE.com

Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

스테레오 리소 그래피 장치에 재생 photopolymer 수 지와 첨가제 제조 프로토콜 제공 됩니다.

재생 아크릴레이트와 Stereolithographic 3D 인쇄

The accessibility of cost-competitive renewable materials and their application in additive manufacturing is essential for an efficient biobased economy. ...

stereolithographic-3d-printing-with-renewable-acrylates

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Chemistry

9.4K 조회수.  NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences. 스테레오 리소 그래피 장치에 재생 photopolymer 수 지와 첨가제 제조 프로토콜 제공 됩니다.

비디오: Stereolithographic 3D Printing with Renewable Acrylates

Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks

Printed electronics rely on low-cost, large-area fabrication routes to create flexible or multidimensional electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical devices1-3. In this paper, we focus on one- (1D), two- (2D), and three-dimensional (3D) printing of conductive metallic inks in the form of flexible, stretchable, and spanning microelectrodes.
Direct-write assembly4,5 is a 1-to-3D printing technique that enables the fabrication of features ranging from simple lines to complex structures by the deposition of concentrated inks through fine nozzles (~0.1 - 250 &mu;m). This printing method consists of a computer-controlled 3-axis translation stage, an ink reservoir and nozzle, and 10x telescopic lens for visualization. Unlike inkjet printing, a droplet-based process, direct-write assembly involves the extrusion of ink filaments either in- or out-of-plane. The printed filaments typically conform to the nozzle size. Hence, microscale features (&lt; 1 &mu;m) can be patterned and assembled into larger arrays and multidimensional architectures.
In this paper, we first synthesize a highly concentrated silver nanoparticle ink for planar and 3D printing via direct-write assembly. Next, a standard protocol for printing microelectrodes in multidimensional motifs is demonstrated. Finally, applications of printed microelectrodes for electrically small antennas, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes are highlighted.

Planar and three-dimensional printing of conductive metallic inks is described. Our approach provides new avenues for fabricating printed electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical devices in unusual layouts at the microscale.

전도성 잉크의 평면 및 3 차원 인쇄

Printed electronics rely on low-cost, large-area fabrication routes to create flexible or multidimensional electronic, optoelectronic, and biomedical ...

연구

생체공학

3D Printing of Biomolecular Models for Research and Pedagogy

The construction of physical three-dimensional (3D) models of biomolecules can uniquely contribute to the study of the structure-function relationship. 3D structures are most often perceived using the two-dimensional and exclusively visual medium of the computer screen. Converting digital 3D molecular data into real objects enables information to be perceived through an expanded range of human senses, including direct stereoscopic vision, touch, and interaction. Such tangible models facilitate new insights, enable hypothesis testing, and serve as psychological or sensory anchors for conceptual information about the functions of biomolecules. Recent advances in consumer 3D printing technology enable, for the first time, the cost-effective fabrication of high-quality and scientifically accurate models of biomolecules in a variety of molecular representations. However, the optimization of the virtual model and its printing parameters is difficult and time consuming without detailed guidance. Here, we provide a guide on the digital design and physical fabrication of biomolecule models for research and pedagogy using open source or low-cost software and low-cost 3D printers that use fused filament fabrication technology.

Physical models of biomolecules can facilitate an understanding of their structure-function for the researcher, aid in communication between researchers, and serve as an educational tool in pedagogical endeavors. Here, we provide detailed guidance for the 3D printing of accurate models of biomolecules using fused filament fabrication desktop 3D printers.

연구 및 교육학에 대한 생명 모델의 3D 인쇄

The construction of physical three-dimensional (3D) models of biomolecules can uniquely contribute to the study of the structure-function relationship. 3D ...

공학

Printing Thermoresponsive Reverse Molds for the Creation of Patterned Two-component Hydrogels for 3D Cell Culture

Bioprinting is an emerging technology that has its origins in the rapid prototyping industry. The different printing processes can be divided into contact bioprinting1-4 (extrusion, dip pen and soft lithography), contactless bioprinting5-7 (laser forward transfer, ink-jet deposition) and laser based techniques such as two photon photopolymerization8. It can be used for many applications such as tissue engineering9-13, biosensor microfabrication14-16 and as a tool to answer basic biological questions such as influences of co-culturing of different cell types17. Unlike common photolithographic or soft-lithographic methods, extrusion bioprinting has the advantage that it does not require a separate mask or stamp. Using CAD software, the design of the structure can quickly be changed and adjusted according to the requirements of the operator. This makes bioprinting more flexible than lithography-based approaches.
Here we demonstrate the printing of a sacrificial mold to create a multi-material 3D structure using an array of pillars within a hydrogel as an example. These pillars could represent hollow structures for a vascular network or the tubes within a nerve guide conduit. The material chosen for the sacrificial mold was poloxamer 407, a thermoresponsive polymer with excellent printing properties which is liquid at 4 &deg;C and a solid above its gelation temperature ~20 &deg;C for 24.5% w/v solutions18. This property allows the poloxamer-based sacrificial mold to be eluted on demand and has advantages over the slow dissolution of a solid material especially for narrow geometries. Poloxamer was printed on microscope glass slides to create the sacrificial mold. Agarose was pipetted into the mold and cooled until gelation. After elution of the poloxamer in ice cold water, the voids in the agarose mold were filled with alginate methacrylate spiked with FITC labeled fibrinogen. The filled voids were then cross-linked with UV and the construct was imaged with an epi-fluorescence microscope.

A bioprinter was used to create patterned hydrogels based on a sacrificial mold. The poloxamer mold was backfilled with a second hydrogel and then eluted, leaving voids which were filled with a third hydrogel. This method uses fast elution and good printability of poloxamer to generate complex architectures from biopolymers.

모방의 창조 3D 세포 배양을위한 두 구성 요소 히드로 겔에 대한 Thermoresponsive 역 금형 인쇄

Bioprinting is an emerging technology that has its origins in the rapid prototyping industry. The different printing processes can be divided into contact ...

면역학 및 감염병학

Procedure for the Transfer of Polymer Films Onto Porous Substrates with Minimized Defects

The fabrication of devices containing thin film composite membranes necessitates the transfer of these films onto the surfaces of arbitrary support substrates. Accomplishing this transfer in a highly controlled, mechanized, and reproducible manner can eliminate the creation of macroscale defect structures (e.g., tears, cracks, and wrinkles) within the thin film that compromise device performance and the usable area per sample. Here, we describe a general protocol for the highly controlled and mechanized transfer of a polymeric thin film onto an arbitrary porous support substrate for eventual use as a water filtration membrane device. Specifically, we fabricate a block copolymer (BCP) thin film on top of a sacrificial, water-soluble poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) layer and silicon wafer substrate. We then utilize a custom-designed, 3D-printed transfer tool and drain chamber system to deposit, lift-off, and transfer the BCP thin film onto the center of a porous anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) support disc. The transferred BCP thin film is shown to be consistently placed onto the center of the support surface due to the guidance of the meniscus formed between the water and the 3D-printed plastic drain chamber. We also compare our mechanized transfer-processed thin films to those that have been transferred by hand with the use of tweezers. Optical inspection and image analysis of the transferred thin films from the mechanized process confirm that little-to-no macroscale inhomogeneities or plastic deformations are produced, as compared to the multitude of tears and wrinkles produced from manual transfer by hand. Our results suggest that the proposed strategy for thin film transfer can reduce defects when compared to other methods across many systems and applications.

We present a procedure for highly controlled and wrinkle-free transfer of block copolymer thin films onto porous support substrates using a 3D-printed drain chamber. The drain chamber design is of general relevance to all procedures involving transfer of macromolecular films onto porous substrates, which is normally done by hand in an irreproducible fashion.

결함이 최소화된 다공성 기판에 폴리머 필름 을 이송하는 절차

The fabrication of devices containing thin film composite membranes necessitates the transfer of these films onto the surfaces of arbitrary support ...

Three-dimensional Biomimetic Technology: Novel Biorubber Creates Defined Micro- and Macro-scale Architectures in Collagen Hydrogels

Tissue scaffolds play a crucial role in the tissue regeneration process. The ideal scaffold must fulfill several requirements such as having proper composition, targeted modulus, and well-defined architectural features. Biomaterials that recapitulate the intrinsic architecture of in vivo tissue are vital for studying diseases as well as to facilitate the regeneration of lost and malformed soft tissue. A novel biofabrication technique was developed which combines state of the art imaging, three-dimensional (3D) printing, and selective enzymatic activity to create a new generation of biomaterials for research and clinical application. The developed material, Bovine Serum Albumin rubber, is reaction injected into a mold that upholds specific geometrical features. This sacrificial material allows the adequate transfer of architectural features to a natural scaffold material. The prototype consists of a 3D collagen scaffold with 4 and 3 mm channels that represent a branched architecture. This paper emphasizes the use of this biofabrication technique for the generation of natural constructs. This protocol utilizes a computer-aided software (CAD) to manufacture a solid mold which will be reaction injected with BSA rubber followed by the enzymatic digestion of the rubber, leaving its architectural features within the scaffold material.

An innovative biofabrication technique was developed to engineer three-dimensional constructs that resemble the architectural features, components, and mechanical properties of in vivo tissue. This technique features a newly developed sacrificial material, BSA rubber, which transfers detailed spatial features, reproducing the in vivo architectures of a wide variety of tissues.

세 가지 차원 생체 모방 기술 ​​: 소설 Biorubber는 콜라겐 하이드로 겔에 마이크로 및 매크로 스케일 아키텍처를 정의 작성합니다

Tissue scaffolds play a crucial role in the tissue regeneration process. The ideal scaffold must fulfill several requirements such as having proper ...

Multimodal 3D Printing of Phantoms to Simulate Biological Tissue

Biomedical optical imaging is playing an important role in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. However, the accuracy and the reproducibility of an optical imaging device are greatly affected by the performance characteristics of its components, the test environment, and the operations. Therefore, it is necessary to calibrate these devices by traceable phantom standards. However, most of the currently available phantoms are homogeneous phantoms that cannot simulate multimodal and dynamic characteristics of biological tissue. Here, we show the fabrication of heterogeneous tissue-simulating phantoms using a production line integrating a spin coating module, a polyjet module, a fused deposition modeling (FDM) module, and an automatic control framework. The structural information and the optical parameters of a &#34;digital optical phantom&#34; are defined in a prototype file, imported to the production line, and fabricated layer-by-layer with sequential switch between different printing modalities. Technical capability of such a production line is exemplified by the automatic printing of skin-simulating phantoms that comprise the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue, and an embedded tumor.

Spin coating, polyjet printing, and fused deposition modeling are integrated to produce multilayered heterogeneous phantoms that simulate structural and functional properties of biological tissue.

생물학적 조직을 시뮬레이션하기 위한 팬텀의 멀티모달 3D 프린팅

Biomedical optical imaging is playing an important role in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. However, the accuracy and the reproducibility of ...

Interactive Molecular Model Assembly with 3D Printing

With the growth in accessibility of 3D printing, there has been a growing application of and interest in additive manufacturing processes in chemical laboratories and chemical education. Building on the long and successful history of physical modeling of molecular systems, we present select models along with a protocol to facilitate 3D printing of molecular structures that are able to do more than represent shape and connectivity. Models assembled as described incorporate dynamic aspects and degrees of freedom into saturated hydrocarbon structures. As a representative example, cyclohexane was assembled from parts printed and finished using different thermoplastics, and the resulting models retain their functionality at a variety of scales. The resulting structures show configurational space accessibility consistent with calculations and literature, and versions of these structures can be used as aids to illustrate concepts that are difficult to convey in other ways. This exercise enables us to evaluate successful printing protocols, make practical recommendations for assembly, and outline design principles for physical modeling of molecular systems. The provided structures, procedures, and results provide a foundation for individual manufacture and exploration of molecular structure and dynamics with 3D printing.

Physical modeling of microscopic systems helps obtain insights that are difficult to gain by other means. To facilitate the construction of physical molecular models, we demonstrate how 3D printing can be used to assemble functional macroscopic models that capture qualities of molecular systems in a tactile way.

3D 프린팅을 갖춘 대화형 분자 모델 어셈블리

With the growth in accessibility of 3D printing, there has been a growing application of and interest in additive manufacturing processes in chemical ...

화학

3D Printing and In Situ Surface Modification via Type I Photoinitiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization

3D printing provides facile access to geometrically complex materials. However, these materials have intrinsically linked bulk and interfacial properties dependent on the chemical composition of the resin. In the current work, 3D printed materials are post-functionalized using the 3D printer hardware via a secondary surface-initiated polymerization process, thus providing independent control over the bulk and interfacial material properties. This process begins with preparing liquid resins, which contain a monofunctional monomer, a crosslinking multifunctional monomer, a photochemically labile species that enables initiation of polymerization, and critically, a thiocarbonylthio compound which facilitates reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The thiocarbonylthio compound, known commonly as a RAFT agent, mediates the chain growth polymerization process and provides polymeric materials with more homogeneous network structures. The liquid resin is cured in a layer-by-layer fashion using a commercially available digital light processing 3D printer to give three-dimensional materials having spatially controlled geometries. The initial resin is removed and replaced with a new mixture containing functional monomers and photoinitiating species. The 3D printed material is then exposed to light from the 3D printer in the presence of the new functional monomer mixture. This allows photoinduced surface-initiated polymerization to occur from the latent RAFT agent groups on the surface of the 3D printed material. Given the chemical flexibility of both resins, this process allows a wide range of 3D printed materials to be produced with tailorable bulk and interfacial properties.

3D Printing and In Situ Surface Modification via Type I Photoinitiated Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization

The present protocol describes the digital light processing-based 3D printing of polymeric materials using type I photoinitiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and the subsequent in situ material post-functionalization via surface-mediated polymerization. Photoinduced 3D printing provides materials with independently tailored and spatially controlled bulk and interfacial properties.

3D 프린팅 및 타입 I 광개시를 통한 현장 표면 개질 가역 추가 단편화 체인 이송 중합

3D printing provides facile access to geometrically complex materials. However, these materials have intrinsically linked bulk and interfacial properties ...

Novel Process for 3D Printing Decellularized Matrices

3D bioprinting aims to create custom scaffolds that are biologically active and accommodate the desired size and geometry. A thermoplastic backbone can provide mechanical stability similar to native tissue while biologic agents offer compositional cues to progenitor cells, leading to their migration, proliferation, and differentiation to reconstitute the original tissues/organs1,2. Unfortunately, many 3D printing compatible, bioresorbable polymers (such as polylactic acid, PLA) are printed at temperatures of 210 &#176;C or higher - temperatures that are detrimental to biologics. On the other hand, polycaprolactone (PCL), a different type of polyester, is a bioresorbable, 3D printable material that has a gentler printing temperature of 65 &#176;C. Therefore, it was hypothesized that decellularized extracellular matrix (DM) contained within a thermally protective PLA barrier could be printed within PCL filament and remain in its functional conformation. In this work, osteochondral repair was the application for which the hypothesis was tested. As such, porcine cartilage was decellularized and encapsulated in polylactic acid (PLA) microspheres which were then extruded with polycaprolactone (PCL) into filament to produce 3D constructs via fused deposition modeling. The constructs with or without the microspheres (PLA-DM/PCL and PCL(-), respectively) were evaluated for differences in surface features.

This protocol describes the production of polycaprolactone (PCL) filament with embedded polylactic acid (PLA) microspheres which contain decellularized matrices (DM) for 3D printing of structural tissue engineering constructs.

3D 인쇄에 대 한 새로운 과정 Decellularized 행렬

3D bioprinting aims to create custom scaffolds that are biologically active and accommodate the desired size and geometry. A thermoplastic backbone can ...

ECM 경직에 대한 세포 반응을 프로브하기 위한 광조정 가능한 바이오프린팅 하이드로겔

3D Bioprinting Phototunable Hydrogels to Study Fibroblast Activation

Phototunable hydrogels can transform spatially and temporally in response to light exposure. Incorporating these types of biomaterials in cell-culture platforms and dynamically triggering changes, such as increasing microenvironmental stiffness, enables researchers to model changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that occur during fibrotic disease progression. Herein, a method is presented for 3D bioprinting a phototunable hydrogel biomaterial capable of two sequential polymerization reactions within a gelatin support bath. The technique of Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) bioprinting was adapted by adjusting the pH of the support bath to facilitate a Michael addition reaction. First, the bioink containing poly(ethylene glycol)-alpha methacrylate (PEG&#945;MA) was reacted off-stoichiometry with a cell-degradable crosslinker to form soft hydrogels. These soft hydrogels were later exposed to photoinitator and light to induce the homopolymerization of unreacted groups and stiffen the hydrogel. This protocol covers hydrogel synthesis, 3D bioprinting, photostiffening, and endpoint characterizations to assess fibroblast activation within 3D structures. The method presented here enables researchers to 3D bioprint a variety of materials that undergo pH-catalyzed polymerization reactions and could be implemented to engineer various models of tissue homeostasis, disease, and repair.

저자 스포트라이트: 3D 프린팅 광조정 가능 하이드로겔을 사용한 만성 폐 질환 이해 

This article describes how to 3D bioprint phototunable hydrogels to study extracellular matrix stiffening and fibroblast activation.

섬유아세포 활성화를 연구하기 위한 3D 바이오프린팅 광조정 가능 하이드로겔

Phototunable hydrogels can transform spatially and temporally in response to light exposure. Incorporating these types of biomaterials in cell-culture ...

재생 아크릴레이트와 Stereolithographic 3D 인쇄

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전도성 잉크의 평면 및 3 차원 인쇄

연구 및 교육학에 대한 생명 모델의 3D 인쇄

모방의 창조 3D 세포 배양을위한 두 구성 요소 히드로 겔에 대한 Thermoresponsive 역 금형 인쇄

결함이 최소화된 다공성 기판에 폴리머 필름 을 이송하는 절차

세 가지 차원 생체 모방 기술 : 소설 Biorubber는 콜라겐 하이드로 겔에 마이크로 및 매크로 스케일 아키텍처를 정의 작성합니다

생물학적 조직을 시뮬레이션하기 위한 팬텀의 멀티모달 3D 프린팅

3D 프린팅을 갖춘 대화형 분자 모델 어셈블리

3D 프린팅 및 타입 I 광개시를 통한 현장 표면 개질 가역 추가 단편화 체인 이송 중합

3D 인쇄에 대 한 새로운 과정 Decellularized 행렬

섬유아세포 활성화를 연구하기 위한 3D 바이오프린팅 광조정 가능 하이드로겔

재생 아크릴레이트와 Stereolithographic 3D 인쇄

요약

더 많은 비디오 탐색

이 비디오의 챕터

전도성 잉크의 평면 및 3 차원 인쇄

연구 및 교육학에 대한 생명 모델의 3D 인쇄

모방의 창조 3D 세포 배양을위한 두 구성 요소 히드로 겔에 대한 Thermoresponsive 역 금형 인쇄

결함이 최소화된 다공성 기판에 폴리머 필름 을 이송하는 절차

세 가지 차원 생체 모방 기술 ​​: 소설 Biorubber는 콜라겐 하이드로 겔에 마이크로 및 매크로 스케일 아키텍처를 정의 작성합니다

생물학적 조직을 시뮬레이션하기 위한 팬텀의 멀티모달 3D 프린팅

3D 프린팅을 갖춘 대화형 분자 모델 어셈블리

3D 프린팅 및 타입 I 광개시를 통한 현장 표면 개질 가역 추가 단편화 체인 이송 중합

3D 인쇄에 대 한 새로운 과정 Decellularized 행렬

섬유아세포 활성화를 연구하기 위한 3D 바이오프린팅 광조정 가능 하이드로겔

세 가지 차원 생체 모방 기술 : 소설 Biorubber는 콜라겐 하이드로 겔에 마이크로 및 매크로 스케일 아키텍처를 정의 작성합니다