この研究はトム ・ ピーターソン財団によってサポートされ、NIH R01 HL119780 (ジャイナ教、MK) を付与します。

動物のプロトコルに見直された制度動物のケアと使用ケース ウェスタン リザーブ大学医学委員会によって承認し、国立衛生研究所 (NIH) 要項に則って行われたもの、実験動物の管理と使用 (第 8 版、2011)。マウスは、アメリカ獣医医学連合 (AVMA) ガイドラインに準拠した方法で動物の安楽死のため安楽死された (2013 年版)。C57bl/6 j、男性、8-16 週齢マウスは、このプロトコルで使用されました。マウスに 12 h ダーク/ライト サイクル環境で収容された。
 1。 術前準備 <ol><li>24 h 手順の前にきれいなケージに移動マウス。動物の水への無料アクセスを許可します。ソフト食 (ゲル栄養補助食品) の食事食品に置き換える手術のため小腸の内容を減らすために手術前に 4-6 h</li>。
	<li>はすべて手術器具を滅菌し、単回使用の滅菌手術材料を準備します。手術エリアと 70% のエタノールで麻酔の鼻の円錐形をきれいします</li>。
	<li>は、解剖顕微鏡、イソフルラン麻酔気化器、楽器、温度制御小動物外科テーブル温度維持を設定します。手術中に無料のアクセスのための場所に注射器、縫合糸、楽器を整理します</li>。
	<li>外科領域に十分なライトを提供する光源を設定します</li>。
	<li>腸管と腹壁のクリーニング用 5 mL 注射器で生理食塩水 0.9% を準備します</li>。
</ol> 2。回腸と吻合 <ol><li>小動物培養室におけるイソフルラン (2-3%) と麻酔マウス。動物はイソフルランのつま先のピンチ技術を使用して十分な anesthetization を確認します</li>。
	<li>は髪の除去の製品を適用することによって腹部の毛を取り除くし、離れて手術用スポンジを使用して麻酔を維持しながら髪を拭いてください。フェイス マスクを通してイソフルラン (1-2%) と 37 ° c. の維持麻酔に温度制御小さなテーブルの上動物手術 ( 図 1 A) 体温を維持するためにマウスを配置します。眼軟膏のマウスの目を治療します</li>。
	<li>ポビドン ヨード、70% アルコールを使用して肌をきれいにし、滅菌手術用ガーゼ ( 図 1 B) 腹部の外科領域をカバーします</li>。
	<li>は、正中線の腹部の切開手術のメスを使用して麻酔が有効を確認します。マウス腸およびプル腹部筋肉リトラクターを完全に開き、腹腔内 ( 図 1 C) を公開するを保護するために綿の先端アプリケータを使用します</li>。
	<li>は、盲腸を探します。慎重に腹腔内 ( 図 1 D) から接続されている回腸と空腸の一部を移動盲腸から始まっています 。
	注: 盲腸簡単に識別できるサイズが大きいため断食後でさえも</li>。
	<li>は、輸血の摘出は、回腸を閉塞し 7-0 シルク縫合糸で上腸間膜動脈の上方の分枝を結紮します。回腸の色はピンクから濃い紫色に結紮後変わります。( 図 1 E ~ F).</li>
	<li>、はさみを使用して実験の目的に応じて切除し、回腸の 90% または 50% を削除します 。
	注: 偽手術のため上腸間膜動脈結紮術を行わないため、回腸を削除しないでください</li>。
	<li>フラッシュ 0.9% 生理食塩水で、回腸の両端の内腔 。
	注: 残りの無傷の回腸はまだ正常な血液供給を受け取って、上腸間膜動脈から少量の血がフラッシュされますプロセス中に。これはまた回腸末端への血液供給は正常であり、により吻合術 ( 図 1 G) 中に、虚血はありませんを示します</li>。
	<li>は、回腸両端側に mesenteries を探します。Mesenteries を合わせ、8-0 縫合糸 ( 図 1 G ・ H) を使用して一緒に回腸の両端を縫合します</li>。
	<li>回腸と回腸を保つ側吻合 ( 図 1 私) 自然な方法で縫合します</li>。
	<li>徹底的に結合 2 つ回腸端に一緒に ( 図 1 J) 2 つ元縫合間上下を縫合します</li>。
	<li>は、3 ステップの縫合の手順を終えた後吻合からの漏れがないことを確認 ( 図 1 G-私)。盲腸、小腸を腹腔内に元の解剖学的位置に戻ります。鈍針を使って温かい 0.9% 生理食塩水で外科領域を洗ってください。( 図 1 K).</li>
	<li>は、6-0 縫合糸で腹部の筋層切開を閉じる。鉗子を使用して腹部の皮膚切開に合わせ、最適な創傷治癒 ( 図 1 L) を容易にする腹部の皮膚を縫合します</li>。
</ol> 3。術後ケア <ol><li>転送手術後の回復のための集中治療室にマウス。一晩後の手術の回復を続行する温度制御加熱パッドのペーパー ベッド ケージに収容します。規則的な食糧と水に加えて、柔らかい食べ物を持つマウスを指定します</li>。
	<li>管理ブプレノルフィン (0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg) 皮下注射と鎮痛のすべて 8-12 h 。
	注: 場合は深刻な病気に、CO 2 でマウスを安楽死させる</li>。
	<li>、エンドポイントで必要に応じて過剰イソフルランと収穫のサンプルを用いたマウス (セクション 4) を犠牲にします</li>。
</ol> 4。回腸誘起胆汁蓄積の評価 <ol><li>の重量を量るし、解剖マウス回腸の 90% や 50% 0% (シャム) 切除後の 1 日</li>。
	<li>は、消化管を取り外して、それの重量を量る。体重比胆汁塩吸収不良および蓄積の重症度を評価するために GI の体重を計算します</li>。
	<li>は、15 mL の円錐管に消化管を転送し、はさみを使用して短いセグメントにそれらをカットします。切断した後、3,000 x g で 10 分間遠心はクリーン チューブに上清 (消化液胆汁酸塩を含む) を転送します</li>。
	<li>容量 GI 流体の重さを測定し、さらに消化管に胆汁の蓄積を評価するために消化管重量比に流体の重量を計算します</li>。
	<li>参照 8 に示す胆汁酸アッセイによって清総胆汁量を決定します</li>。
</ol>

<ol>
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成功した回腸を実行するために、切除範囲のセグメントへの血液供給をブロックする前もっての上腸間膜動脈を結紮する必要があります。虚血性回腸結紮後濃い紫色になります。回腸のセグメントを完全に切除しする必要があります。正常な血液供給は、保持の目的のために確保されなければなりません。これは、簡単に縫合後虚血性壊死のための原因手術失敗できる出血と不適切な除去を?...

現代の生物医学研究における遺伝子操作動物モデルは人間の病気についての洞察を収集に幅広く活用できます。特に、分子として誘導の生物学的効果を研究する組織や遺伝子の細胞固有の利得と損失関数を使用されています。ターゲット遺伝子体内操作の進歩にもかかわらず残留制限があります。最初、多くのセルまたはティッシュ特定の削除は複数の臓器に影響を与えます。たとえば、上皮の遺伝子欠失は複数組織の上皮細胞における発現を排除します。さらに、削除が特定の組織に制限されている場合でも空間制御はほとんど可能です。たとえば、腸のような組織で異なるセグメントを体内の精密操作ことはできません非常に特定の機能を運ぶ。これらの場合、遺伝子を含む組織の切除は、組織コミュニケーションの機構と機能的意義を決定するより効率的な勉強方法と見なされます。
回腸はクローンのほとんどで使用される患者、回腸遠位部1,2,3を含む炎症性疾患。回腸は通常生成いくつかのエネルギー貯蔵ホルモン様線維芽細胞成長因子 15/19 (19/FGF15)、ペプチド YY (PYY)、グルカゴン様ペプチド 1/2 (GLP1/2);これらのホルモンは、多くの生物学的機能4,5,6重要なローカルおよび内分泌の役割を果たします。これらのホルモンの中で、FGF15 は、堅牢な内分泌、肝臓での胆汁酸合成阻害剤として識別されています。回腸上皮細胞に再吸収、一度、胆汁酸は、核内受容体ファルネソイド X 受容体 (FXR) Fgf15式を刺激するためにその後肝胆汁酸合成7のフィードバック阻害につながるをアクティブにします。回腸クルッペル様因子 15 (KLF15) を研究するために最近の研究紹介マウス回腸モデル -Fgf15肝8で体内の胆汁酸の生産を調整する軸をシグナリングします。最も重要なことは、胆汁酸の生物学、新規ファミリー、クルッペルのような要因、特に KLF15 を導入しました。回腸手術を含む機能的な研究に基づいて、我々 はその KLF15 upregulates 胆汁酸合成間接非肝機構を決定しました。最後に、回腸 KLF15 はFgf15の最初の内因性否定的な調整装置としても識別されます。
遠位領域に近位から降順腸管、養分の吸収を担います。回腸は、胆汁酸とビタミン B12 (VB12) 吸収9の責任の主要なセグメントです。早い調査は短腸症候群を研究する近位腸切除マウス モデルを採用さまざまな切除の長さ、ダイエット、縫合糸の種類を最適な手術後生存率10を維持するために提案しました。さらより最近の検討では、回腸切除は通常残り管11の減少した適応能力のため他胃腸の (GI) セグメント切除よりもより深刻な病気の結果を示します。このトピックは、回復と有効な治療法の理解がまだ限られているに対し、基礎および臨床研究グループの集中的な興味を得ています。
胆汁酸下痢は腸肝循環12,13胆汁酸恒常性の不均衡に起因します。それは、回腸切除、消化器疾患や特発性胆汁酸吸収不良の結果の結果をすることができます。患者の 80% 以上は、回腸切除14を経て下痢を呈するに発見されています。回腸胆汁酸下痢の調査のための重要な手術モデルとなる可能性があります。本研究では、回腸切除シリーズは、FGF15 欠乏と同様、腸内の胆汁塩吸収不良、蓄積、および有毒な損害のグラデーションの評価を提供します。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Dissection microscope</td><td>Olympus</td><td>SZ61</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Animal temperature controller</td><td>Physitemp Instruments, Inc.</td><td>TCAT-2LV</td><td>For body temperature control</td></tr><tr><td>Isoflurane anesthetic vaporizer</td><td>VetEquip</td><td>&amp;nbsp;911104</td><td>For anesthesia</td></tr><tr><td>Dissection forceps</td><td>&amp;nbsp;Fine Science Tools, Inc.</td><td>11274-20</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Scissors</td><td>&amp;nbsp;Fine Science Tools, Inc.</td><td>14084-08</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Needle holder</td><td>&amp;nbsp;Roboz Surgical Instrument Co.</td><td>RS-7882</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Micro knives-needle blade</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>10318-14</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>6-0 monofilament suture</td><td>Ethicon</td><td>1698G</td><td>For abdominal skin closure</td></tr><tr><td>7-0 silk suture</td><td>Ethicon</td><td>766G</td><td>For ligation</td></tr><tr><td>8-0 monofilament suture</td><td>Ethicon</td><td>1714G</td><td>For anastomosis</td></tr><tr><td>Surgical sponges</td><td>Dynarex Corp.</td><td>3333</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Small cotton-tipped applicators&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>23-400-118</td><td>For surgery&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Isoflurane</td><td>Piramal Healthcare Limited</td><td>66794-013-25</td><td>For anasthesia</td></tr><tr><td>Buprenorphine hydrochloride</td><td>Reckitt-Benckiser Pharmaceuticals</td><td>12496-0757-1</td><td>For analgesia</td></tr><tr><td>0.9% sodium chloride Injection</td><td>B. Braun Medical Inc.</td><td>0264-7800-10</td><td>For washing/injection</td></tr><tr><td>Povidone iodine prep solution</td><td>Dynarex Corp.</td><td>1413</td><td>For skin preparation</td></tr><tr><td>Puralube vet ointment</td><td>Dechra Veterinary Products</td><td>17033-211-38</td><td>For eye pretection</td></tr><tr><td>Hair remover lotion</td><td>Church &amp;amp; Dwight Co., Inc.</td><td></td><td>For skin preparation</td></tr><tr><td>Intensive care unit</td><td>ThermoCare</td><td>FW-1</td><td>For post-surgery recovery</td></tr><tr><td>DietGel recovery</td><td>ClearH2O</td><td>72-06-5022</td><td>For post-surgery recovery</td></tr><tr><td>Aurum total RNA fatty and fibrous tissue kit</td><td>Bio-Rad</td><td>7326830</td><td>For RNA isolation</td></tr><tr><td>iScript reverse transcription supermix for RT-qPCR</td><td>Bio-Rad</td><td>1708841</td><td>For reverse transcription assay</td></tr><tr><td>TaqMan fast advanced master mix</td><td>Applied Biosystems/Life Technologies</td><td>4444965</td><td>For QPCR analysis</td></tr><tr><td>Total bile acid assay kit</td><td>Genzyme Diagnostic</td><td>DZ042A-K01</td><td>For bile acid assay</td></tr><tr><td>C57BL/6J&amp;nbsp;</td><td>The Jackson Laboratory</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

ileectomy-induced bile overaccumulation in mouse intestine

腸管切除は肥満などの疾患、炎症性腸疾患、クローン病、頻繁に下痢を含む胆汁酸, 重度の短腸症候群のような副作用で起因した大腸癌の一般的な治療法脱水、電解質異常、栄養素の吸収不良。回腸、組織コミュニケーションと全身の恒常性の維持を評価するためと呼ばれるマウス回腸切除モデルをご紹介します。回腸切除後循環血液は完全に回腸の内分泌ホルモンの線維芽細胞成長因子 15 (FGF15) その内分泌、肝臓での胆汁酸合成阻害を解放する欠けています。高められた生産と胆汁酸の回腸を削除した後の再廃止と組み合わせて、手術を受けたマウスは腸と関連する下痢、罹患率、死亡率で胆汁酸塩蓄積によって苦しみます。本研究で導入された手術モデルの新しい使用法は生理学および病気の全身の代謝調節の回腸のコントロールに機械論的で機能的な洞察力を提供するかもしれません。

回腸の手順は図 1のとおりです。最初のステップでは、マウスの腹部の皮膚を準備して、腹部の切開・ リトラクターを使用して (図 1A ~ C) 腸を完全に公開するも含まれています。次に、マウスの盲腸に位置していた (図 1D)。考えるとそのサイズと形状は、わかりやすいランド?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine at JoVE.com

Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine

小腸依存した胆汁酸再吸収と肝の胆汁酸合成のフィードバック阻害全身の恒常性と健康のために重要です。本研究では回腸誘起胆汁吸収不良、蓄積、およびマウス腸管における毒性評価する回腸切除マウス モデルをについて説明します。

マウス腸管で胆汁の回腸誘起蓄積

Intestinal resection is a common therapeutic approach for human diseases such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, and colon cancer ...

ileectomy-induced-bile-overaccumulation-in-mouse-intestine

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

9.4K ビュー.  Case Western Reserve University. 小腸依存した胆汁酸再吸収と肝の胆汁酸合成のフィードバック阻害全身の恒常性と健康のために重要です。本研究では回腸誘起胆汁吸収不良、蓄積、およびマウス腸管における毒性評価する回腸切除マウス モデルをについて説明します。

ビデオ: Ileectomy-induced Bile Overaccumulation in Mouse Intestine

Determining Bile Duct Density in the Mouse Liver

Mouse is broadly used as a model organism to study biliary diseases. To evaluate the development and function of the biliary system, various techniques are used, including serum chemistry, histological analysis, and immunostaining for specific markers. Although these techniques can provide important information about the biliary system, they often do not present a full picture of bile duct (BD) developmental defects across the whole liver. This is in part due to the robust ability of the mouse liver to drain the bile even in animals with significant impairment in biliary development. Here we present a simple method to calculate the average number of BDs associated with each portal vein (PV) in sections covering all lobes of mutant/transgenic mice. In this method, livers are mounted and sectioned in a stereotypic manner to facilitate comparison among various genotypes and experimental conditions. BDs are identified via light microscopy of cytokeratin-stained cholangiocytes, and then counted and divided by the total number of PVs present in liver section. As an example, we show how this method can clearly distinguish between wild-type mice and a mouse model of Alagille syndrome. The method presented here cannot substitute for techniques that visualize the three-dimensional structure of the biliary tree. However, it offers an easy and direct way to quantitatively assess BD development and the degree of ductular reaction formation in mice.

We present a rather simple and sensitive method for accurate quantification of bile duct density in the mouse liver. This method can aid in determining the effects of genetic and environmental modifiers and the effectiveness of potential therapies in mouse models of biliary diseases.

マウス肝臓における胆管密度の決定

Mouse is broadly used as a model organism to study biliary diseases. To evaluate the development and function of the biliary system, various techniques ...

発生生物学

Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis

Intestinal resections are frequently required for treatment of diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, with Crohn&#8217;s disease and colon cancer being two common examples. Despite the frequency of these procedures, a significant knowledge gap remains in describing the inherent effects of intestinal resection on host physiology and disease pathophysiology. This article provides detailed instructions for an ileocolic resection with primary end-to-end anastomosis in mice, as well as essential aspects of peri-operative care to maximize post-operative success. When followed closely, this procedure yields a 95% long-term survival rate, no failure to thrive, and minimizes post-operative complications of bowel obstruction and anastomotic leak. The technical challenges of performing the procedure in mice are a barrier to its wide spread use in research. The skills described in this article can be acquired without previous surgical experience. Once mastered, the murine ileocolic resection procedure will provide a reproducible tool for studying the effects of intestinal resection in models of human disease.

Ileocolic resection is commonly performed in several human diseases; however, little is known regarding the impact of intestinal resection on surgical illnesses. This article provides instruction on executing the procedure in mice with high success, providing a means to study the effects of ileocolic resection in models of disease.

プライマリ吻合とネズミ回結腸腸切除

Intestinal resections are frequently required for treatment of diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, with Crohn&#8217;s disease and colon cancer ...

医学

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis

In most vertebrates, the liver produces bile that is necessary to emulsify absorbed fats and enable the digestion of lipids in the small intestine as well as to excrete bilirubin and other metabolic products. In the liver, the experimental obstruction of the extrahepatic biliary system initiates a complex cascade of pathological events that leads to cholestasis and inflammation resulting in a strong fibrotic reaction originating from the periportal fields. Therefore, surgical ligation of the common bile duct has become the most commonly used model to induce obstructive cholestatic injury in rodents and to study the molecular and cellular events that underlie these pathophysiological mechanisms induced by inappropriate bile flow. In recent years, different surgical techniques have been described that either allow reconnection or reanastomosis after bile duct ligation (BDL), e.g., partial BDL, or other microsurgical methods for specific research questions. However, the most frequently used model is the complete obstruction of the common bile duct that induces a strong fibrotic response after 21 to 28 days. The mortality rate can be high due to infectious complications or technical inaccuracies. Here we provide a detailed surgical procedure for the BDL model in mice that induce a highly reproducible fibrotic response in accordance to the 3R rule for animal welfare postulated by Russel and Burch in 1959.

Disruption of bile flow results in severe inflammatory cholestatic liver injury with a characteristic time-dependent sequence of morphological alterations. Here we present a protocol for the surgical ligation of the common bile duct in mice that allows to induce a strong fibrotic response after 21 to 28 days.

マウスにおける胆管結紮：閉塞性胆汁うっ滞による炎症性肝障害と線維症の誘発

In most vertebrates, the liver produces bile that is necessary to emulsify absorbed fats and enable the digestion of lipids in the small intestine as well ...

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a diverting enterostomy. The etiology of this disease remains ill-defined but appears to differ from that of classical inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Research aimed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the development of this disease has been severely hampered by the lack of an appropriate murine model. This protocol generates a murine model of DC that facilitates the study of the immune system's role and its interaction with the microbiome in the development of DC. In this model using C57BL/6 animals, distal parts of the colon are excluded from the fecal stream by creating a distal colostomy, triggering the development of mild to moderate inflammation in the excluded bowel segments and reproducing the hallmark lesions of human DC with a moderate systemic inflammatory response. In contrast to the rat model, a large number of genetically-modified murine models on the C57BL/6 background are available. The combination of these animals with our model allows the potential roles of individual cytokines, chemokines, or receptors of bioactive molecules (e.g., interleukin (IL)-17; IL-10, chemokine CXCL13, chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4) to be assessed in the pathogenesis of DC. The availability of congenic mouse strains on the C57BL/6 background largely facilitates transfer experiments to establish the roles of distinct cell types involved in the etiology of DC. Finally, the model offers the opportunity to assess the influences of local interventions (e.g., modification of the local microbiome or local anti-inflammatory therapy) on mucosal immunity in affected and non-affected bowel segments and the on systemic immune homeostasis.

Murine distal colostomy provides a murine model for human diversion colitis, a predominantly lymphocytic colitis in colon segment excluded from the fecal stream.

マウスの遠位人工肛門、転用 c57bl/6 マウス大腸炎の新たなモデル

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a ...

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

The human appendix has been recently implicated to play important biological roles in the pathogenesis of various complex diseases, such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and Parkinson&#8217;s disease. To study the function of the appendix, a gut disease-associated murine appendectomy model has been established and its step-by-step protocol is described here. This report introduces a facile protocol for caecal patch removal in mice followed by the chemical induction of chronic colitis-associated colorectal cancer using a combination of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and azoxymethane (AOM). IgA specific cells and IgA concentration were significantly reduced upon removal of the caecal patch in male C57BL/6 mice&#160;compared to those in the sham group. Simultaneously administering 2% DSS and AOM resulted in nearly 80% mice survival in both sham and appendectomy groups without significant body weight loss. Histological results confirmed colonic inflammation and different degrees of adenocarcinoma. This model can be used for the study of the functional role of the appendix in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis and pathogenesis of gut colitis and malignancies, as well as for the potential development of drug targeting therapies.

The presented protocol describes a facile surgical removal of the appendix (caecal patch) in a mouse followed by the induction of inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer. This murine appendectomy model enables investigation of the biological role of the appendix in the pathogenesis of human gastrointestinal disease.

慢性大腸炎関連大腸癌のマウス虫垂切除モデル、ケーカルパッチの正確な局在化

The human appendix has been recently implicated to play important biological roles in the pathogenesis of various complex diseases, such as colorectal ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>腸管操作による術後イレウス研究のためのマウスモデル

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Most patients experience postoperative ileus (POI) after surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization time. POI is a consequence of mechanical damage during surgery, resulting in disruption of motility in the gastrointestinal tract. The mechanisms of POI are related to aberrant neuronal sensitivity, impaired epithelial barrier function, and increased local inflammation. However, the details remain enigmatic. Therefore, experimental murine models are crucial for elucidating the pathophysiology and mechanism of POI injury and for the development of novel therapies.
Here, we introduce a murine model of POI generated via intestinal manipulation (IM) that is similar to clinical surgery; this is achieved by mechanical damage to the small intestine by massaging the abdomen 1-3 times with a cotton swab. IM delayed gastrointestinal transit 24 h after surgery, as assessed by FITC-dextran gavage and fluorescence detection of the segmental digestive tract. Moreover, tissue swelling of the submucosa and immune cell infiltration were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and flow cytometry. Proper pressure of the IM and a hyperemic effect on the intestine are critical for the procedure. This murine model of POI can be utilized to study the mechanisms of intestinal damage and recovery after abdominal surgery.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>術後イレウスマウスモデル

We describe a murine model of postoperative ileus generated via intestinal manipulation. Gastrointestinal transit function, pathologic changes, and immune cell activation were assessed 24 h after surgery.

術後イレウスマウスモデル

Most patients experience postoperative ileus (POI) after surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization time. POI ...

免疫・感染学

Single-Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy Model in Mice

Obesity is a major health issue worldwide. As a response, bariatric surgeries have emerged to treat obesity and its related comorbidities (e.g., diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cardiovascular events, and cancers) through restrictive and malabsorptive mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms by which these procedures allow such improvements often require their transposition into animals, especially in mice, because of the ease of generating genetically modified animals. Recently, the single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) has emerged as a procedure that uses both restrictive and malabsorptive effects, which is being used as an alternative to gastric bypass in case of major obesity. Thus far, this procedure has been associated with strong metabolic improvements, which has led to a marked increase in its use in daily clinical practice. However, the mechanisms underlying these metabolic effects have been poorly studied as a result of a lack of animal models. In this article, we present a reliable and reproducible model of SADI-S in mice, with a special focus on perioperative management. The description and use of this new rodent model will be helpful for the scientific community to better understand the molecular, metabolic, and structural changes induced by the SADI-S and to better define the surgical indications for clinical practice.

Single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI-S) is an emerging bariatric procedure with important metabolic effects. In this article, we present a reliable and reproducible model of SADI-S in mice.

マウスにおけるスリーブ状胃切除モデルを用いた単一吻合十二指腸回腸バイパス術

Obesity is a major health issue worldwide. As a response, bariatric surgeries have emerged to treat obesity and its related comorbidities (e.g., diabetes ...

Partial Bile Duct Ligation in the Mouse: A Controlled Model of Localized Obstructive Cholestasis

In rodents, complete bile duct ligation (cBDL) of the common bile duct is an established surgical technique for studying obstructive cholestasis and bile duct proliferation. However, long-term experiments can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. In select mouse strains with underlying liver disease, meaningful comparisons can be made even with ligation of a single lobe of the liver, which can reduce animal losses and expenses. Here, we describe partial bile duct ligation (pBDL) in the mouse, in which only the left hepatic bile duct is ligated, causing biliary obstruction in the left lobe but not the remaining lobes. With careful microsurgical technique, pBDL experiments can be cost-effective, since the unligated lobe serves as an internal control to the ligated lobes, when subjected to the same conditions in the same animal. Unlike cBDL, a separate sham-operated control group is not necessary. pBDL is highly useful to directly compare localized versus systemic effects of cholestasis and other retained bile components. pBDL can also be repurposed as a novel method to investigate mechanisms related to medications and cell migration.

Here, we present partial bile duct ligation as a surgical model of liver injury and regeneration in rodents.

マウスの部分胆管結紮: ローカライズされた閉塞性胆汁うっ滞の制御モデル

In rodents, complete bile duct ligation (cBDL) of the common bile duct is an established surgical technique for studying obstructive cholestasis and bile ...

マウス腸管で胆汁の回腸誘起蓄積

要約

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マウス肝臓における胆管密度の決定

プライマリ吻合とネズミ回結腸腸切除

マウスにおける胆管結紮：閉塞性胆汁うっ滞による炎症性肝障害と線維症の誘発

マウスの遠位人工肛門、転用 c57bl/6 マウス大腸炎の新たなモデル

慢性大腸炎関連大腸癌のマウス虫垂切除モデル、ケーカルパッチの正確な局在化

術後イレウスマウスモデル

術後イレウスマウスモデル

術後イレウスマウスモデル

マウスにおけるスリーブ状胃切除モデルを用いた単一吻合十二指腸回腸バイパス術

マウスの部分胆管結紮: ローカライズされた閉塞性胆汁うっ滞の制御モデル