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1。結腸組織を得るマウス研究の根拠と目的を詳細に動物実験を行うためのプロトコルでは、提出され動物実験的監督の私たちの事業オフィスによって承認された。 <ol><li>頸椎脱臼に続いて吸入イソフルランでマウスを安楽死させる。 </li><li>腹側正中切開を行い、離れて小腸を撤回し、コロンを識別します。横方向に膀胱と子宮（存在する場合）を撤回し、恥骨を特定し、直腸を露出させ細かいハサミでカット。 </li><li>大腸から直腸の背側腸間膜を解剖し、肛門から盲腸までコロンを動員し、小腸からの結腸を切断し、それを横断する。 </li><li>氷冷リン酸緩衝生理食塩水（PBS）中に試料を置く。 </li><li>氷冷PBSで10ミリリットルの注射器を記入し、コロンをフラッシュし、大腸OPEを切断し、その内容をクリアするために数回ルーメンN長さ方向はさみを使って。 </li><li>氷冷PBSの20ミリリットルを含む50ミリリットルコニカルチューブにコロンを置きます。結腸は、任意の特定の方向に配置される必要はない。流体が無い粒子状物質と透明になるまで、PBSを交換して、コロンを洗ってください。 </li></ol>人間この組織だけでなく、潜在的なリスクとベネフィットの評価を得ることの重要性を詳述手術患者からのヒト組織を得るためのプロトコルは、ヒューマン研究保護プログラムの我々の事業オフィスから提出され、承認されました。 <ol><li>大腸外科医との共同研究は、研究のためのヒト組織を得ることができることが必要である。ヒトの大腸の組織を得るためのプロトコルが提出し、治験審査委員会によって承認されなければならない。 </li><li>書面によるインフォームドコンセントを、外科手術の前に患者から得られる。 </li><li>外科医は、スタンドに結腸切除を行いますARDファッション。結腸は、患者から除去された後、試料を直ちに病理に取り込まれる。病理学的評価のために必要ではない結腸壁の全厚部0.5が設けられており、すぐに氷冷したPBS上に配置される。この標本は、大腸間膜を含めるべきではなく、脂肪の存在は消化過程に影響を与えますので、大網付属は、同様に削除する必要があります。 </li></ol> 2。上皮細胞はぎ取る<ol><li> 50ミリリットルコニカルチューブ内のHBSS中の5ミリモルのEDTA（室温）25mlに、全マウス結腸をインキュベートする。 15分間空気浴（250回転）しながら37℃にコニカルチューブを配置します。 15分後、慎重に液体を捨て、5のEDTA 25mlでチューブを補充、5回の洗浄の合計のため繰り返します。ヒトの大腸では、病理医から結腸壁の2分​​の1インチのストリップを得た後、4つの等しいサイズのピースにハサミでコロンをカット。 1 50ミリリットルコニカルチューブにピースの2を置き、独立した50ミリリットルコニカルチューブに結腸組織の残りの2個を配置。そして、前述したように、HBSS中5mMのEDTA 25mlでインキュベートおよび洗浄を行う。 </li><li>氷冷PBS 20mlに二度、コロンを洗浄します。 </li><li> RPMI-5の20ミリリットル、ディスパーゼの10、U、およびコラゲナーゼDの2000 U（室温）を含む新しい50ミリリットルコニカルチューブにマウス結腸組織を置きます。ヒト大腸組織のために、ディスパーゼおよびコラゲナーゼ（20 U字ディスパーゼ、4000のUコラゲナーゼD）の二倍の量を使用しています。 </li><li> （水平に置いた場合は、あまりにも多くの通気や細胞の損傷がある）、垂直に配向37℃の揺れの空気浴中のチューブを配置します。最大60分間、250rpmで振とうする。ディスパーゼおよびコラゲナーゼDに暴露した後、結腸組織を消化するために開始され、結腸組織は、糸を見て開始されます。これは通常約30分かかります。コロンは、この外観を有する場合には、酵素からコロンを削除します。 </li><li>組織を分割するには、上下2〜4回、各チューブを横に振る。 P5分間、卓上遠心機（4℃）で200×gで組織をエレト。慎重に上清を捨て、捨てます。 </li></ol> 3。筋線維芽細胞の単離および培養<ol><li>を10mlのACK溶解緩衝液（47°C）を添加することにより、各ペレットを再懸濁。遠心分離器は、再び5分（4℃）のための200×gで、捨て、上澄みを捨てる。 </li><li>ピペットを用いて10ミリリットルのRPMI-5を追加して、各ペレットを再懸濁します。 </li><li> 100ミリメートルのTC処理皿に10ミリリットルピペットを用いて70ミクロンメッシュストレーナーを通して細胞懸濁液（5ミリリットル）の半分を渡す。その後RPMI-5の追加の15ミリリットルを追加します。別の100ミリメートルのTC処理皿に細胞懸濁液の残りの5ミリリットルを繰り返します。一つのマウス大腸は、したがって、2 100ミリメートルのTC処理の料理が得られます。ヒトの大腸組織の一つ½インチのストリップは4 100 mmのTC処理の料理の合計が得られます。 </li><li> 37℃、10％CO 2インキュベーター内で組織培養皿を置き培養条件は同じfはあるいは、マウスおよびヒト初代細胞。 </li><li> 3時間後、そっとのHBSS 2回交換して非接着細胞を洗い流してください。破片の浮動を静かに洗浄する必要があります。接着細胞は、上皮細胞、マクロファージおよび筋線維芽細胞で構成されている。一週間播種後、唯一の除算を筋線維芽細胞、マクロファージおよび上皮細胞は最初の継代後に老化。新鮮なRPMI-5を添加し、細胞培養物中の細胞を成長させる。 </li><li>細胞を5分間トリプシン処理により継代すると2:1に分割されています。 </li></ol>略語 HBSS：ハンクス液、RPMI-5：ロズウェルパーク記念研究所媒体、ACK：塩化アンモニウムカリウム、FCS：ウシ胎児血清、TC処理：組織培養処理ソリューション ACK溶解緩衝液- （4.15グラムNH 4 Clで0.5グラムKHCO 3、18.6ミリグラムのNa 2 EDTAを400 mlのH 2 O、1 N HClでpH7.2〜7.4にpHを調整する）。フィルタsterilizEでの0.2μmのフィルターや店舗を通じて4℃のRPMI-5 - （500ミリリットルにする方法：454.5ミリリットルのRPMI、25ミリリットルのFCS、5ミリリットル200 mM L-グルタミン、5ミリリットルの1M HEPES、pH7.4で、5ミリリットルを100 mMピルビン酸ナトリウムを5ml 100×ペニシリン - ストレプトマイシン、PBS 500 mlの50 mMのB-ME）。

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マウスまたはヒトの結腸のいずれかを使用するときの一般的な手法は同様である。この技術はまた、小腸からの筋線維芽細胞を単離するために使用することができる。 1からの筋線維芽細胞を単離するための具体的な詳細。マウスと2。ヒトの大腸を以下に説明します。 1。マウス結腸マウス結腸の灌注は、結腸の一端に16 Gポッパー平滑末端針4を取り付...

胃腸（GI）管の機能の調節は、粘膜層とその下にある間葉との間の複雑で動的な相互作用を伴う。これらの相互作用は、通常は恒常性を維持するのに役立つだけでなく、病的条件1での疾患状態の発症につながる可能性がある。筋線維芽細胞は、粘膜の再生、修復、および線維症2を含む重大な胃腸管プロセスの数を調節する細胞亜集団を包囲してパラクリン様式で通信する上皮層への直下に位置する間質細胞の亜集団である。 18 CO細胞株は、それがインサイチュ筋線維芽細胞の一次の特徴の多くを共有しているため、広く筋線維芽細胞の機能を研究するために使用されているヒト結腸筋線維芽細胞株の一例である。これらは、タンパク質-平滑筋アクチン（α-SMA）の発現およびビメンチン、並びに多数の発現を含む例えば、上皮成長因子受容体、又はリゾホスファチジン酸、3,4に対する受容体などの細胞表面受容体。なぜならこれらの共有超微細構造特性、ならびに生物学的機能5の類似性、18 CO細胞株は、炎症性腸疾患または結腸直腸癌3,6のような多くの疾患状態のコンテキストで筋線維芽細胞の機能を研究するために広く使用されている。しかし、細胞株を用いて固有の限界や懸念がある。これらは他の細胞集団との成長率との相互作用など、細胞の表現型および生物学的機能を変化させる、一次細胞から細胞株を区別し、経時的遺伝子型不安定性が含まれる。細胞株もまた、その使用に対する主な制限である消化管の微小環境（上皮、間質、および血管成分）を、通常の構成要素を欠いている。したがって、実験的な細胞株の研究から引き出された結論は、里を減少させるためにさらなる検証が必要で誤解のSK。 一次筋線維芽細胞は、細胞株7において同定実験結果を確認するために、ヒトおよびマウスの結腸組織から得ることができる。この方法は、もともとMahida ら 8によって記述され、我々のプロトコルは、マウスおよびヒト結腸9から一次筋線維芽細胞を単離するために用いることができる多くのよく説明される技術の一つであるした。結腸疾患の任意のマウスモデルについては、この技術は、GI 10,11を処理し、それらが隣接細胞とどのように対話するかを研究するために、一次筋線維芽細胞を単離するか、正常または病的両方に寄与するために使用することができる。この技術は、筋線維芽細胞は、治癒、線維症、および結腸直腸腺腫および癌腫の発生を粘膜に寄与する方法を研究するために使用することができる。一次筋線維芽細胞はまた、良性（炎症性腸疾患、狭窄、憩室炎）または悪性のc運転時に切除されたヒト結腸組織から得ることができるonditions。ヒトおよびマウスの結腸組織から単離した初代細胞は、細胞培養で増殖させ、継代の数が限られにわたって利用することができる。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Name of the reagent</td><td>Company</td><td>Catalogue number</td><td>Comments (optional)</td></tr><tr><td>Dispase I</td><td>Invitrogen/GIBCO</td><td>#17105-041</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Collagenase D</td><td>Roche</td><td>#1 088 858</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>4 in, 16 G Popper blunt-end needle</td><td>Fisher</td><td>#14-825-16K</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation of primary myofibroblasts from mouse and human colon tissue

筋線維芽細胞は、多くのGI機能におけるその重要な役割のためにかなりの注目を集めている胃腸（GI）管の間質細胞である。いくつかの筋線維芽細胞株は、インビトロでこれらの細胞を研究するために市販されているが、実験的な細胞培養条件に曝露された細胞株からの研究結果は、作業の過度に還元主義的性質に起因する固有の限界を有する。一次筋線維芽細胞の使用は、細胞株で特定された実験結果を確認するという点で大きな利点を提供しています。動物モデルからの一次筋線維芽細胞の単離は、より厳密に検討されて疾患状態を模倣する条件下での筋線維芽細胞の研究を可能にする。細胞は基礎疾患を持つ患者から直接来ているので、ヒト結腸組織からの一次筋線維芽細胞の単離は、間違いなく、最も関連性の高い実験データを提供しています。我々はUであり得る、十分に確立された技術を説明マウスおよびヒト結腸組織の両方からの一次筋線維芽細胞を分離するためにtilized。これらの単離された細胞は、上皮下腸の筋線維芽細胞と一致してα-平滑筋アクチンとビメンチン陽性、およびデスミン陰性であることが特徴づけられている。一次筋線維芽細胞は、細胞培養で増殖させ、継代の数が限られにわたって実験目的のために使用することができる。

一旦単離される、初代ヒト筋線維芽細胞は、細胞培養で増殖させ（継代4まで）の通路の限られた数の上で使用することができる。これらの細胞は腸管上皮下筋線維芽細胞5,7と一致して、平滑筋アクチンとビメンチン陽性であると特徴づけ、およびデスミン陰性（ 図1A）されています。それらはまた、特徴的な星状形態（ 図1B）を有する。一次筋線維芽細胞は...

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Isolation of Primary Myofibroblasts from Mouse and Human Colon Tissue

筋線維芽細胞は、正常および疾患状態の両方において重要な生理学的プロセスを調節、胃腸管の有力な間質細胞である。我々は、マウスおよびインビトロ実験のために利用することができるヒト結腸組織の両方からの一次筋線維芽細胞の単離を可能にする技術が記載されている。

マウスおよびヒト結腸組織からの一次筋線維芽細胞の分離

The myofibroblast is  a stromal cell of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that has been gaining  considerable attention for its critical role in many GI ...

isolation-of-primary-myofibroblasts-from-mouse-and-human-colon-tissue

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JoVE Journal

Biology

19.6K ビュー.  UCLA. 筋線維芽細胞は、正常および疾患状態の両方において重要な生理学的プロセスを調節、胃腸管の有力な間質細胞である。我々は、マウスおよびインビトロ実験のために利用することができるヒト結腸組織の両方からの一次筋線維芽細胞の単離を可能にする技術が記載されている。 

ビデオ: Isolation of Primary Myofibroblasts from Mouse and Human Colon Tissue

Isolation and Quantitative Immunocytochemical Characterization of Primary Myogenic Cells and Fibroblasts from Human Skeletal Muscle

The repair and regeneration of skeletal muscle requires the action of satellite cells, which are the resident muscle stem cells. These can be isolated from human muscle biopsy samples using enzymatic digestion and their myogenic properties studied in culture. Quantitatively, the two main adherent cell types obtained from enzymatic digestion are: (i) the satellite cells (termed myogenic cells or muscle precursor cells), identified initially as CD56+ and later as CD56+/desmin+ cells and (ii) muscle-derived fibroblasts, identified as CD56&#8211; and TE-7+. Fibroblasts proliferate very efficiently in culture and in mixed cell populations these cells may overrun myogenic cells to dominate the culture. The isolation and purification of different cell types from human muscle is thus an important methodological consideration when trying to investigate the innate behavior of either cell type in culture. Here we describe a system of sorting based on the gentle enzymatic digestion of cells using collagenase and dispase followed by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) which gives both a high purity (&#62;95% myogenic cells) and good yield (~2.8 x 106 &#177; 8.87 x 105 cells/g tissue after 7 days in vitro) for experiments in culture. This approach is based on incubating the mixed muscle-derived cell population with magnetic microbeads beads conjugated to an antibody against CD56 and then passing cells though a magnetic field. CD56+ cells bound to microbeads are retained by the field whereas CD56&#8211; cells pass unimpeded through the column. Cell suspensions from any stage of the sorting process can be plated and cultured. Following a given intervention, cell morphology, and the expression and localization of proteins including nuclear transcription factors can be quantified using immunofluorescent labeling with specific antibodies and an image processing and analysis package.

The main adherent cell types derived from human muscle are myogenic cells and fibroblasts. Here, cell populations are enriched using magnetic-activated cell sorting based on the CD56 antigen. Subsequent immunolabelling with specific antibodies and use of image analysis techniques allows quantification of cytoplasmic and nuclear characteristics in individual cells.

ヒト骨格筋からの一次筋原細胞および線維芽細胞の単離および定量的免疫組織化学的特性評価

The repair and regeneration of skeletal muscle requires the action of satellite cells, which are the resident muscle stem cells. These can be isolated ...

発生生物学

Isolation of CD 90+ Fibroblast/Myofibroblasts from Human Frozen Gastrointestinal Specimens

Fibroblasts/myofibroblasts (MFs) have been gaining increasing attention for their role in pathogenesis and their contributions to both wound healing and promotion of the tumor microenvironment. While there are currently many techniques for the isolation of MFs from gastrointestinal (GI) tissues, this protocol introduces a novel element of isolation of these stromal cells from frozen tissue. Freezing GI tissue specimens not only allows the researcher to acquire samples from worldwide collaborators, biobanks, and commercial vendors, it also permits the delayed processing of fresh samples. The described protocol will consistently yield characteristic spindle-shaped cells with the MF phenotype that express the markers CD90, &#945;-SMA and vimentin. As these cells are derived from patient samples, the use of primary cells also confers the benefit of closely mimicking MFs from disease states-namely cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases. This technique has been validated in gastric, small bowel, and colonic MF primary culture generation. Primary MF cultures can be used in a vast array of experiments over a number of passage and their purity assessed by both immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry analysis.

Here, a protocol to isolate and establish primary fibroblast/myofibroblast (MF) cultures from frozen gastric, small intestinal, and colonic tissue-yielding cells with a MF phenotype-is presented. These cells express CD90, &#945;-SMA and vimentin. MFs can be used for a variety of functional assays including enzymatic activity and cytokine production.

人間の冷凍消化管標本からCD 90 +線維芽細胞/筋線維芽細胞の単離


Fibroblasts/myofibroblasts (MFs) have been gaining increasing attention for their role in pathogenesis and their contributions to both wound healing and ...

Isolation of Primary Human Colon Tumor Cells from Surgical Tissues and Culturing Them Directly on Soft Elastic Substrates for Traction Cytometry

Cancer cells respond to matrix mechanical stiffness in a complex manner using a coordinated, hierarchical mechano-chemical system composed of adhesion receptors and associated signal transduction membrane proteins, the cytoskeletal architecture, and molecular motors1, 2. Mechanosensitivity of different cancer cells in vitro are investigated primarily with immortalized cell lines or murine derived primary cells, not with primary human cancer cells. Hence, little is known about the mechanosensitivity of primary human colon cancer cells in vitro. Here, an optimized protocol is developed that describes the isolation of primary human colon cells from healthy and cancerous surgical human tissue samples. Isolated colon cells are then successfully cultured on soft (2 kPa stiffness) and stiff (10 kPa stiffness) polyacrylamide hydrogels and rigid polystyrene (~3.6 GPa stiffness) substrates functionalized by an extracellular matrix (fibronectin in this case). Fluorescent microbeads are embedded in soft gels near the cell culture surface, and traction assay is performed to assess cellular contractile stresses using free open access software. In addition, immunofluorescence microscopy on different stiffness substrates provides useful information about primary cell morphology, cytoskeleton organization and vinculin containing focal adhesions as a function of substrate rigidity.

A protocol is described to extract primary human cells from surgical colon tumor and normal tissues. The isolated cells are then cultured on soft elastic substrates (polyacrylamide hydrogels) functionalized by an extracellular matrix protein, and embedded with fluorescent microbeads. Traction cytometry is performed to assess cellular contractile stresses.

外科的組織からの初代ヒト結腸腫瘍細胞の単離およびトラクションサイトメトリーのためのソフト弾性基板上にそれらを直接培養

Cancer cells respond to matrix mechanical stiffness in a complex manner using a coordinated, hierarchical mechano-chemical system composed of adhesion ...

生物工学

Isolation and Differentiation of Primary Myoblasts from Mouse Skeletal Muscle Explants

Primary myoblasts are undifferentiated proliferating precursors of skeletal muscle. They can be cultured and studied as muscle precursors or induced to differentiate into later stages of muscle development. The protocol provided here describes a robust method for the isolation and culture of a highly proliferative population of myoblast cells from young adult mouse skeletal muscle explants. These cells are useful for the study of the metabolic properties of skeletal muscle of different mouse models, as well as in other downstream applications such as transfection with exogenous DNA or transduction with viral expression vectors. The level of differentiation and metabolic profile of these cells depends on the length of exposure, and composition of the media used to induce myoblast differentiation. These methods provide a robust system for the study of mouse muscle cell metabolism ex vivo. Importantly, unlike in vivo models, the methods described here provide a cell population that can be expanded and studied with high levels of reproducibility.

Myoblasts are proliferating precursor cells that differentiate to form polynucleated myotubes and eventually skeletal muscle myofibers. Here, we present a protocol for efficient isolation and culture of primary myoblasts from young adult mouse skeletal muscles. The method enables molecular, genetic, and metabolic studies of muscle cells in culture.

マウス骨格筋移植からの原発性筋芽生の単離と分化

Primary myoblasts are undifferentiated proliferating precursors of skeletal muscle. They can be cultured and studied as muscle precursors or induced to ...

Isolation of Lamina Propria Mononuclear Cells from Murine Colon Using Collagenase E

The intestine is the home to the largest number of immune cells in the body. The small and large intestinal immune systems police exposure to exogenous antigens and modulate responses to potent microbially derived immune stimuli. For this reason, the intestine is a major target site of immune dysregulation and inflammation in many diseases including but, not limited to inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn&#8217;s disease and ulcerative colitis, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and many allergic and infectious conditions. Murine models of gastrointestinal inflammation and colitis are heavily used to study GI complications and to pre-clinically optimize strategies for prevention and treatment. Data gleaned from these models via isolation and phenotypic analysis of immune cells from the intestine is critical to further immune understanding that can be applied to ameliorate gastrointestinal and systemic inflammatory disorders. This report describes a highly effective protocol for the isolation of mononuclear cells (MNC) from the colon using a mixed silica-based density gradient interface. This method reproducibly isolates a significant number of viable leukocytes while minimizing contaminating debris, allowing subsequent immune phenotyping by flow cytometry or other methods.

The goal of this protocol is to isolate mononuclear cells that reside in the lamina propria of the colon by enzymatic digestion of the tissue using collagenase. This protocol allows for the efficient isolation of mononuclear cells resulting in a single cell suspension which in turn can be used for robust immunophenotyping.

コラゲナーゼEを用いてマウスコロンからのラミナプロプリア単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞の単核細胞

The intestine is the home to the largest number of immune cells in the body. The small and large intestinal immune systems police exposure to exogenous ...

免疫・感染学

Ultrasonic-augmented Primary Adult Fibroblast Isolation

Primary adult fibroblasts have become an important tool to study fibrosis, fibroblast interactions and inflammation in all body tissues. Since primary fibroblasts cannot divide indefinitely due to myofibroblast differentiation or senescence induction, new cultures must be established regularly. However, there are several obstacles to overcome during the processes of developing a reliable isolation protocol and primary fibroblast isolation itself: the method&#8217;s degree of difficulty (especially for beginners), the risk of bacterial contamination, the required time until primary fibroblasts can be used for experiments, and subsequent cell quality and viability. In this study, a fast, reliable and easy-to-learn protocol to isolate and culture primary adult fibroblasts from mouse heart, lung, liver and kidney combining enzymatic digestion and ultrasonic agitation is provided.

We present a protocol to isolate primary adult fibroblasts in an easy, fast and reliable way, performable by beginners (e.g., students). The procedure combines enzymatic tissue digestion and mechanical agitation with ultrasonic waves to obtain primary fibroblasts. The protocol can easily be adapted to specific experimental requirements (e.g., human tissue).

超音波増強原発性成人線維芽細胞分離

Primary adult fibroblasts have become an important tool to study fibrosis, fibroblast interactions and inflammation in all body tissues. Since primary ...

医学

Isolation of Myofibroblasts from Mouse and Human Esophagus

Murine and human esophageal myofibroblasts are generated via enzymatic digestion. Neonate (8-12 day old) murine esophagus is harvested, minced, washed, and subjected to enzymatic digestion with collagenase and dispase for 25 min. Human esophageal resection specimens are stripped of muscularis propria and adventitia and the remaining mucosa is minced, and subjected to enzymatic digestion with collagenase and dispase for up to 6 hr. Cultured cells express &#945;-SMA and vimentin and express desmin weakly or not at all. Culture conditions are not conducive to growth of epithelial, hematopoietic, or endothelial cells. Culture purity is further confirmed by flow cytometric evaluation of cell surface marker expression of potential contaminating hematopoietic and endothelial cells. The described technique is straightforward and results in consistent generation of non-hematopoieitc, non-endothelial stromal cells. Limitations of this technique are inherent to the use of primary cultures in molecular biology studies, i.e., the unavoidable variability encountered among cultures established across different mice or humans. Primary cultures however are a more representative reflection of the in vivo state compared to cell lines. These methods also provide investigators the ability to isolate and culture stromal cells from different clinical and experimental conditions, allowing comparisons between groups. Characterized esophageal stromal cells can also be used in functional studies investigating epithelial-stromal interactions in esophageal disorders.

We present a protocol to generate primary cultures of murine and human esophageal stromal cells with a myofibroblast phenotype. Cultured cells have spindle shaped morphology, express &#945;-SMA and vimentin, and lack epithelial, hematopoietic and endothelial cell surface markers. Characterized stromal cells can be used in functional studies of epithelial-stromal interactions.

マウスおよびヒト食道から筋線維芽細胞の単離

Murine and human esophageal myofibroblasts are generated via enzymatic digestion. Neonate (8-12 day old) murine esophagus is harvested, minced, washed, ...

生物学

Cryosectioning Method for Microdissection of Murine Colonic Mucosa

The colonic mucosal tissue provides a vital barrier to luminal antigens. This barrier is composed of a monolayer of simple columnar epithelial cells. The colonic epithelium is dynamically turned over and epithelial cells are generated in the stem cell containing crypts of Lieberk&#252;hn. Progenitor cells produced in the crypt-bases migrate toward the luminal surface, undergoing a process of cellular differentiation before being shed into the gut lumen. In order to study these processes at the molecular level, we have developed a simple method for the microdissection of two spatially distinct regions of the colonic mucosa; the proliferative crypt zone, and the differentiated surface epithelial cells. Our objective is to isolate specific crypt and surface epithelial cell populations from mouse colonic mucosa for the isolation of RNA and protein.

Here we describe a simple method for the isolation of spatially distinct murine colonic epithelial surface cells from the underlying crypt-base cells.

マウス結腸粘膜の顕微解剖のための凍結切片法

The colonic mucosal tissue provides a vital barrier to luminal antigens. This barrier is composed of a monolayer of simple columnar epithelial cells. The ...

Isolation of Murine Intestinal Mesenchyme Resulting in a High Yield of Telocytes

The murine small intestine, or colon mesenchyme, is highly heterogenous, containing distinct cell types including blood and lymphatic endothelium, nerves, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, immune cells, and the recently identified cell type, telocytes. Telocytes are unique mesenchymal cells with long cytoplasmic processes, reaching a distance of tens to hundreds of microns from the cell body. Telocytes have recently emerged as an important intestinal stem cell niche component, providing Wnt proteins that are essential for stem and progenitor cell proliferation.
Although protocols on how to isolate mesenchyme from the mouse intestine are available, it is not clear whether these procedures allow the efficient isolation of telocytes. Isolating telocytes efficiently requires special protocol adjustments that would allow dissociation of the strong cell-cell contact between telocytes and neighboring cells without affecting their viability. Here, available intestinal mesenchyme isolation protocols were adjusted to support the successful isolation and culture of mesenchyme containing a relatively high yield of viable single-cell telocytes.
The obtained single-cell suspension can be analyzed by several techniques, such as immunostaining, cell sorting, imaging, and mRNA experiments. This protocol yields mesenchyme with sufficiently conserved antigenic and functional properties of telocytes, and can be used for several applications. For example, they can be used for co-culture with mouse- or human-derived organoids to support organoid growth with no growth factor supplementation, to better reflect the situation in the original tissue.

Here, we present a protocol to isolate murine intestinal mesenchyme, including telocytes. These can be used for several applications, such as co-culture with mouse or human-derived organoids, to support growth and better reflect the situation in the original tissue.

マウス腸間葉系の単離により、テロサイトの高収率が得られます

The murine small intestine, or colon mesenchyme, is highly heterogenous, containing distinct cell types including blood and lymphatic endothelium, nerves, ...

Isolation and Characterization of Adult Cardiac Fibroblasts and Myofibroblasts

Cardiac fibrosis in response to injury is a physiological response to wound healing. Efforts have been made to study and target fibroblast subtypes that mitigate fibrosis. However, fibroblast research has been hindered due to the lack of universally acceptable fibroblast markers to identify quiescent as well as activated fibroblasts. Fibroblasts are a heterogenous cell population, making them difficult to isolate and characterize. The presented protocol describes three different methods to enrich fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from uninjured and injured mouse hearts. Using a standard and reliable protocol to isolate fibroblasts will enable the study of their roles in homeostasis as well as fibrosis modulation.

Obtaining a pure population of fibroblasts is crucial to studying their role in wound repair and fibrosis. Described here is a detailed method to isolate fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from uninjured and injured mouse hearts followed by characterization of their purity and functionality by immunofluorescence, RTPCR, fluorescence-assisted cell sorting, and collagen gel contraction.

成人心臓線維芽細胞と筋線維芽細胞の分離と特徴付け

Cardiac fibrosis in response to injury is a physiological response to wound healing. Efforts have been made to study and target fibroblast subtypes that ...