Chapitre 10
Alcools et phénols
Structure et nomenclature des alcools et des phénols
Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is ...
Propriétés physiques des alcools et des phénols
Alcohols are organic compounds in which a hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon. Phenols are a class of alcohols containing a hydroxy group ...
Acidité et basicité des alcools et des phénols
Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. ...
Préparation d'alcools par réactions d'addition
Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight ...
Déshydratation d'un alcool en présence d'acide : formation d'un alcène
In a dehydration reaction, a hydroxyl group in an alcohol is eliminated along with the hydrogen from an adjacent carbon. Here, the products are an alkene ...
Réduction : obtention d'alcools à partir de composés carbonylés
Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic ...
Réaction de Grignard : obtention d'alcools à partir de composés carbonylés
Grignard reagents are one of the most commonly used reagents used to synthesize alcohols from carbonyl compounds. Grignard reagents are organomagnesium ...
Protection des alcools
This lesson delves into the concept of protection and deprotection of a functional group fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry. These phenomena are ...
Préparation de diols et transposition pinacolique
Compounds bearing two hydroxyl groups are known as diols. When the hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, the diols are called vicinal ...
Conversion d'alcools en halogénures d'alkyle
This lesson delves into the conversion of alcohols to corresponding alkyl halides and the mechanism of action for different reagents. Typically, the ...
Oxydation des alcools
In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, ...
Préparation d'alcools par réactions de substitution
Overview
Alcohols can be synthesized from alkyl halides via nucleophilic substitution reactions. The highly polar carbon-halogen bond in the substrate ...
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