Chapter 10
Elasticity, Creep, and Shrinkage in Concrete
Elasticidad en el hormigón
When a concrete specimen is subjected to moderate or high magnitude uniaxial compressive or tensile stresses, the resulting strain varies ...
Módulo dinámico de elasticidad del hormigón
Stress analysis in concrete structures prone to dynamic and impact loading employs the dynamic modulus, which is greater than the static modulus of ...
Fluencia en el hormigón
When a loaded concrete member is subjected to constant stress that is sustained over time, the strain in the member increases, resulting in its ...
Factores que afectan a la fluencia
In concrete mixes, the hardened cement paste primarily contributes to creep, while the aggregates in the mix restrain creep.
Aggregates with a high ...
Efectos de la fluencia
Reinforced concrete beams subjected to creep undergo increased deflection. This may result in further bending of the beam, widening existing cracks, and ...
Retracción en hormigón
The loss of water or chemical reactions reduces the concrete's volume, a process known as shrinkage.
Practically, shrinkage in concrete is ...
Contracción por secado
When hardened concrete is exposed to unsaturated air, the free water present in its capillaries evaporates out of the pores.
This causes the movement of ...
Contracción por carbonatación
In the presence of moisture, atmospheric carbon dioxide entering the concrete surface transforms into carbonic acid, which chemically reacts with the ...
Tipos de grietas no estructurales en el hormigón
After placing concrete, water may rise to the top of the mix, settling the aggregates.
If reinforcements within the concrete obstruct this natural ...
Hormigonado en masa
When large volumes of concrete are placed, if the temperature of the concrete on the surface and the interior region is different, thermal cracks may ...
Hormigonado en climas cálidos
In dry and hot conditions, placing fresh concrete at high temperatures accelerates the setting and leads to rapid evaporation of water from the concrete, ...
Hormigonado en climas fríos
During cold weather, when freshly placed concrete starts to freeze before it sets, the water in the concrete converts to ice, resulting in its expansion.
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