作者想，感谢他们及早建立斑马鱼在实验室的彼得·卡斯特罗和马修Dinday。这项工作是由美国国立卫生EUREKA（＃R01NS079214-01）资助。

1。鸡蛋的生产和收集<ol><li>斑马鱼的饲养标准程序，前面描述的8。简单地说，成年斑马鱼在养殖箱分频器的地方。第二天早上，在房间里的灯都分频器从坦克和鱼类育种允许不受干扰的交配时间约20至60分钟。 </li><li>从繁殖罐的鸡蛋被收集在过滤器并和用鸡蛋水漂洗。卵，然后转移到陪替氏培养皿用鸡蛋水。用移液管未受精的卵子和碎片被删除。 </li><li>将培养皿包含收集鸡蛋的培养箱中（28-32℃）。卵孵化后，大约2天受精后（DPF），去除绒毛和任何其他的碎片，用移液管。 </li><li>所需的天受精后（3〜8 DPF）的培养皿中自由游动的幼虫和实验室的长椅上，在室温下删除。 </li></ol><ol><li>用微拉马，拉1.2毫米外径硼硅玻璃毛细管橡皮泥斜坡铺设超过两针，并存储在一个150毫米的培养皿或空吸管盒。针可以预先拉出。取决于可用放大器探头类型，可以使用不同OD玻璃毛细管。 </li><li>回程微电极与细胞外记录用的Nalgene针筒式过滤器（4毫米）和Microfil长丝（华纳精密仪器）连接用1ml注射器的溶液（2 M氯化钠）。摇动或敲击丸向针尖，直到有很少或根本没有气泡，剩余的。 </li></ol> 3。琼脂中的固定化<ol><li>准备一个新鲜的溶液中1.2％低熔点琼脂在蛋水。将琼脂溶液在约37℃下在水浴中集</li><li>准备盖玻片，在录音室和冷冻室（5-10分钟）。录音室MATC为h的电生理钻机上使用。我们使用一个低调的开放式钻石浴成像室，从华纳仪器（RC-26GLP型）。 </li><li>使用巴斯德移液管，在一个干净的培养皿中板的小液滴的蛋水的地方之一幼虫的斑马鱼。这种液滴，添加含有麻醉剂（0.02％三卡因）和瘫痪剂（1毫克/毫升α-银环蛇毒素）的溶液的液滴。 </li><li>监控斑马鱼的运动的损失（5〜10分钟）。 </li><li>从冰箱中取出盖玻片/录音室。将腔体视显微镜的阶段。使用移液管，混合液滴和传输解决方案（鱼）的盖玻片/录音室几毫升1.2％的低熔点琼脂糖。 </li><li>使用移液管尖的或细的钝针，在体视显微镜下，使背侧方面的鱼是暴露于琼脂糖凝胶表面的位置幼虫。允许琼脂糖硬化（5-10分钟），然后使用平面的锅铲传输琼脂b锁定到录音室成立于电钻机。 </li></ol> 3。外场录制<ol><li>添加2-5毫升斑马鱼的记录介质的录音室。如果药物的改变是必要的，在约1毫升/分钟的速率与记录溶液的灌注腔室。无氧化的录音解决方案是必要的。 </li><li>将微小电极（尖端直径约为1微米，2-7MΩ）到放大器探头安装在一个三维的微操纵器。检查，显微操作器是在一个适当的位置，以允许的范围内的移动和调整。把微电极尖端平面的显微镜，走下舞台，和使用下一个点正上方和前面的斑马鱼的头稍微粗调。 </li><li>随着"电流钳"模式零的电极中的放大器。 </li><li>使用较低的粗调，使电极尖刚好接触的Surface的斑马鱼，稍前方的前脑。 </li><li>使用精细调整步骤推进电极头，直到它穿刺皮肤的斑马鱼。允许沉降，然后提前几微米到前脑的电极。 </li><li>记录电活动在电流钳模式使用Axoscope软件的。采集数据的采样速率为10 kHz。 </li></ol>

<ol>
	<li>Clark, K. J., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Stressing+zebrafish+for+behavioral+genetics.">Stressing zebrafish for behavioral genetics.</a> Reviews in Neuroscience. 22 (1), 49 (2011).</li><li>Rinkwitz, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Zebrafish:+an+integrative+system+for+neurogenomics+and+neurosciences.">Zebrafish: an integrative system for neurogenomics and neurosciences.</a> Progress in Neurobiology. 93 (2), 231 (2011).</li><li>Penberthy, W. T., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+zebrafish+as+a+model+for+human+disease.">The zebrafish as a model for human disease.</a> Frontiers in Bioscience. 7, d1439 (2002).</li><li>Letamendia, A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Development+and+validation+of+an+automated+high-throughput+system+for+zebrafish+in+vivo+screenings.">Development and validation of an automated high-throughput system for zebrafish in vivo screenings.</a> PLoS One. 7, e36690 (2012).</li><li>Nasevicius, A., Ekker, S. C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effective+targeted+gene+'knockdown'+in+zebrafish.">Effective targeted gene 'knockdown' in zebrafish.</a> Nature Genetics. 26 (2), 216 (2000).</li><li>Haffter, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mutations+affecting+development+of+the+zebrafish+inner+ear+and+lateral+line.">Mutations affecting development of the zebrafish inner ear and lateral line.</a> Development. 123, 1 (1996).</li><li>Suster, M. L., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Transgenesis+in+zebrafish+with+the+tol2+transposon+system.">Transgenesis in zebrafish with the tol2 transposon system.</a> Methods Molecular Biology. 561, 41 (2009).</li><li>Rosen, J. N., Sweeney, M. F., Mably, J. D. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Microinjection+of+Zebrafish+Embryos+to+Analyze+Gene+Function.">Microinjection of Zebrafish Embryos to Analyze Gene Function.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (25), e1115 (2009).</li><li>Baraban, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Pentylenetetrazole+induced+changes+in+zebrafish+behavior,+neural+activity+and+c-fos+expression.">Pentylenetetrazole induced changes in zebrafish behavior, neural activity and c-fos expression.</a> Neuroscience. 131 (3), 759 (2005).</li><li>Baraban, S. C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+large-scale+mutagenesis+screen+to+identify+seizure-resistant+zebrafish.">A large-scale mutagenesis screen to identify seizure-resistant zebrafish.</a> Epilepsia. 48 (6), 1151 (2007).</li><li>Williams, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+use+of+radiotelemetry+to+evaluate+electrographic+seizures+in+rats+with+kainate-induced+epilepsy.">The use of radiotelemetry to evaluate electrographic seizures in rats with kainate-induced epilepsy.</a> Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 155 (1), 39 (2006).</li><li>Marsh, E. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Interictal+EEG+spikes+identify+the+region+of+electrographic+seizure+onset+in+some,+but+not+all,+pediatric+epilepsy+patients.">Interictal EEG spikes identify the region of electrographic seizure onset in some, but not all, pediatric epilepsy patients.</a> Epilepsia. 51 (4), 592 (2010).</li><li>Zhu, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Evaluation+and+application+of+modularly+assembled+zinc-finger+nucleases+in+zebrafish.">Evaluation and application of modularly assembled zinc-finger nucleases in zebrafish.</a> Development. 138 (20), 4555 (2011).</li></ol>

没有利益冲突的声明。

这里介绍的方法使细胞外记录大脑活动的一个非常敏感和快速的分析。这些录音是类似的脑电图（EEG）监测常用的评估存在的异常放电（ 即癫痫发作）在啮齿类动物模型癫痫11和患者12。细胞外记录可以结合药理的操作，如下所示。也可用于这些类型的记录，以评估潜在的癫痫表型的转基因斑马鱼。确定，在ENU的突变屏幕（见斑马鱼资源中心， <a href="http://zebrafish.org/zirc/home...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 的试剂的名称 </td><td> 公司 </td><td> 目录编号 </td><td> 评论（可选） </td></tr><tr><td>琼脂糖低熔点</td><td>费舍尔的科学</td><td> BP1360-100 </td><td>溶解于1.2％的胚胎媒体</td></tr><tr><td>记录媒体</td><td>费舍尔的科学</td><td> BP3581，P330-3，BP410，BP214-500，D16-1，C77-500 </td><td> 1毫摩尔NaCl，2.9 mM KCl中，10mM的HEPES，1.2毫摩尔MgCl 2，10mM的葡萄糖，2.1 mM的CaCl 2的 pH值至约7.3，用1N NaOH </td></tr><tr><td>三卡因</td><td>银色实验室</td><td> MS-222 </td><td> 0.02％ </td></tr><tr><td> α-银环蛇毒素</td><td> TOCRIS生命科学</td><td> 2133 </td><td> 1毫克/毫升</td></tr><tr><td>毛细玻璃管</td><td>华纳仪器</td><td> G120TF -3 </td><td>拉出到2 -7MΩ的电阻</td></tr><tr><td>膜片钳放大器</td><td>华纳仪器</td><td> PC-505B </td><td>使用华纳放大器的电流钳模式;在2 mV / PA和贝塞尔滤波器在2K的增益设置。同类机型可根据制造商的说明。 </td></tr><tr><td>过滤器/放大器</td><td>天鹅座技术</td><td> FLA-01 </td><td>我们使用一个新天鹅前置放大器增益设置为10〜20;截止频率设置为1-2K;陷波滤波器。同类机型可根据制造商的说明。 </td></tr><tr><td>轴突A / D板和Axoscope的软件</td><td> Molecular Devices公司</td><td>轴突Digidata 1320A 8.2 Axoscope </td><td>数据被收集在Axoscope采用无间隙采集模式，在10 kHz采样。比较模型和程序可以根据制造商的说明使用。 </td></tr><tr><td>蛋水</td><td&gt;即时海洋</td><td></td><td> 3克即溶海洋海盐，2毫升10毫升去离子水，0.1％的亚甲基蓝</td></tr></tbody></table>

forebrain electrophysiological recording in larval zebrafish

癫痫会影响近3万人在美国和世界各地多达50万人。定义为发生自发的无端发作，癫痫，可以获取到大脑或基因突变的结果的一种侮辱。在动物模型癫痫发作的努力，主要用于收购侮辱（惊厥药，刺激或脑损伤）和遗传操作（反义击倒，同源重组或转基因）在啮齿类动物。斑马鱼是脊椎动物模型系统1-3，可以提供一个有价值的替代老鼠癫痫研究。斑马鱼被广泛应用于脊椎动物的遗传学研究或发展，对哺乳动物的遗传相似性，表现出高度表达的同系物〜85％的已知的人类单基因遗传性癫痫突变。由于它们的小尺寸（长4-6毫米），斑马鱼幼虫可以保持低的流体体积为100微升，在早期的发展和阿拉进行期间，在多井板。试剂可直接加入到该溶液中，在胚胎发育，简化给药，从而实现快速的在体内筛选试验化合物4。可用于合成寡核苷酸（吗啉代），致突变，锌指核酸酶和转基因方法，以迅速产生基因敲除或突变的斑马鱼5-7。这些属性提供了前所未有的斑马鱼研究的统计动力分析优势的研究啮齿动物的神经系统疾病，如癫痫。 ，因为癫痫研究的"金标准"是描述监测和分析的异常放电起源于一个中央的大脑结构（ 即癫痫发作），斑马鱼幼虫的大脑活动的方法，有效地记录在这里。该方法是一种适应传统的细胞外记录技术，并允许稳定的长期监测在完整的斑马鱼幼虫的大脑活动。小号充足的记录上所显示的急性发作引起的惊厥药和自发发作在转基因鱼浴应用。

在图1中所示的实施例的电子照相记录的前脑琼脂嵌入的斑马鱼幼虫的癫痫样放电。在这些样本中的大振幅的多穗型脉冲放电引起的惊厥药浴应用，40毫米毛果芸香碱（A; 6 DPF）或1毫米印防己毒素（B; 8 DPF）。在这些记录中，固定，和琼脂嵌入式斑马鱼的连续监测90分钟。鱼这些记录的条件下继续生存24小时。药物添加到泳季介质和通常扩散到琼脂在30至45分钟之内引出在幼虫斑马鱼前脑?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Forebrain Electrophysiological Recording in Larval Zebrafish at JoVE.com

Forebrain Electrophysiological Recording in Larval Zebrafish

外场电位记录在幼虫斑马鱼的前脑的一个简单的方法来描述。该方法提供了一个强大的<em在体内</em&gt;读出癫痫样活动。这种技术可以使用转基因斑马鱼幼虫携带癫痫相关基因或癫痫发作诱发的惊厥药给药。

斑马鱼幼虫的前脑的电生理记录

Epilepsy affects nearly 3 million people in the United States and up to 50 million people worldwide. Defined as the occurrence of spontaneous unprovoked ...

forebrain-electrophysiological-recording-in-larval-zebrafish

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

17.0K 次观看.  University of California, San Francisco. 外场电位记录在幼虫斑马鱼的前脑的一个简单的方法来描述。该方法提供了一个强大的

视频: Forebrain Electrophysiological Recording in Larval Zebrafish

Recording Electrical Activity from Identified Neurons in the Intact Brain of Transgenic Fish

Understanding the cell physiology of neural circuits that regulate complex behaviors is greatly enhanced by using model systems in which this work can be performed in an intact brain preparation where the neural circuitry of the CNS remains intact. We use transgenic fish in which gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are genetically tagged with green fluorescent protein for identification in the intact brain. Fish have multiple populations of GnRH neurons, and their functions are dependent on their location in the brain and the GnRH gene that they express1 . We have focused our demonstration on GnRH3 neurons located in the terminal nerves (TN) associated with the olfactory bulbs using the intact brain of transgenic medaka fish (Figure 1B and C). Studies suggest that medaka TN-GnRH3 neurons are neuromodulatory, acting as a transmitter of information from the external environment to the central nervous system; they do not play a direct role in regulating pituitary-gonadal functions, as do the well-known hypothalamic GnRH1 neurons2, 3 .The tonic pattern of spontaneous action potential firing of TN-GnRH3 neurons is an intrinsic property4-6, the frequency of which is modulated by visual cues from conspecifics2 and the neuropeptide kisspeptin 15. In this video, we use a stable line of transgenic medaka in which TN-GnRH3 neurons express a transgene containing the promoter region of Gnrh3 linked to enhanced green fluorescent protein7 to show you how to identify neurons and monitor their electrical activity in the whole brain preparation6.

In this video, we will demonstrate how to record electrical activity from identified single neurons in a whole brain preparation, which preserves complex neural circuits. We use transgenic fish in which gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons are genetically tagged with a fluorescent protein for identification in the intact brain preparation.

鉴定转基因鱼的完整的大脑中的神经元的电活动记录

Understanding the cell physiology of neural circuits that regulate complex behaviors is greatly enhanced by using model systems in which this work can be ...

科研

神经科学

Electroretinogram Recording in Larval Zebrafish using A Novel Cone-Shaped Sponge-tip Electrode

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is commonly used as a vertebrate model in developmental studies and is particularly suitable for visual neuroscience. For functional measurements of visual performance, electroretinography (ERG) is an ideal non-invasive method, which has been well established in higher vertebrate species. This approach is increasingly being used for examining the visual function in zebrafish, including during the early developmental larval stages. However, the most commonly used recording electrode for larval zebrafish ERG to date is the glass micropipette electrode, which requires specialized equipment for its manufacture, presenting a challenge for laboratories with limited resources. Here, we present a larval zebrafish ERG protocol using a cone-shaped sponge-tip electrode. The novel electrode is easier to manufacture and handle, more economical, and less likely to damage the larval eye than the glass micropipette. Like previously published ERG methods, the current protocol can assess outer retinal function through photoreceptor and bipolar cell responses, the a- and b-wave, respectively. The protocol can clearly illustrate the refinement of visual function throughout the early development of zebrafish larvae, supporting the utility, sensitivity, and reliability of the novel electrode. The simplified electrode is particularly useful when establishing a new ERG system or modifying existing small-animal ERG apparatus for zebrafish measurement, aiding researchers in the visual neurosciences to use the zebrafish model organism.

Here, we present a protocol that simplifies the measurement of light evoked electroretinogram responses from larval zebrafish. A novel cone-shaped sponge-tip electrode can help to make the study of visual development in larval zebrafish using the electroretinogram ERG easier to achieve with reliable outcomes and lower cost.

一种新型锥形海绵尖电极在幼虫斑马鱼中的电录记录

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is commonly used as a vertebrate model in developmental studies and is particularly suitable for visual neuroscience. For ...

发育生物学

Electrophysiological Recording in the Brain of Intact Adult Zebrafish

Previously, electrophysiological studies in adult zebrafish have been limited to slice preparations or to eye cup preparations and electrorentinogram recordings. This paper describes how an adult zebrafish can be immobilized, intubated, and used for in vivo electrophysiological experiments, allowing recording of neural activity. Immobilization of the adult requires a mechanism to deliver dissolved oxygen to the gills in lieu of buccal and opercular movement. With our technique, animals are immobilized and perfused with habitat water to fulfill this requirement. A craniotomy is performed under tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222; tricaine) anesthesia to provide access to the brain. The primary electrode is then positioned within the craniotomy window to record extracellular brain activity. Through the use of a multitube perfusion system, a variety of pharmacological compounds can be administered to the adult fish and any alterations in the neural activity can be observed. The methodology not only allows for observations to be made regarding changes in neurological activity, but it also allows for comparisons to be made between larval and adult zebrafish. This gives researchers the ability to identify the alterations in neurological activity due to the introduction of various compounds at different life stages.

This paper describes how an adult zebrafish can be immobilized, intubated, and used for in vivo electrophysiological experiments to allow recordings and manipulation of neural activity in an intact animal.

在完整的成年斑马鱼大脑电生理记录

Previously, electrophysiological studies in adult zebrafish have been limited to slice preparations or to eye cup preparations and electrorentinogram ...

Zebrafish In Situ Spinal Cord Preparation for Electrophysiological Recordings from Spinal Sensory and Motor Neurons

Zebrafish, first introduced as a developmental model, have gained popularity in many other fields. The ease of rearing large numbers of rapidly developing organisms, combined with the embryonic optical clarity, served as initial compelling attributes of this model. Over the past two decades, the success of this model has been further propelled by its amenability to large-scale mutagenesis screens and by the ease of transgenesis. More recently, gene-editing approaches have extended the power of the model.
For neurodevelopmental studies, the zebrafish embryo and larva provide a model to which multiple methods can be applied. Here, we focus on methods that allow the study of an essential property of neurons, electrical excitability. Our preparation for the electrophysiological study of zebrafish spinal neurons involves the use of veterinarian suture glue to secure the preparation to a recording chamber. Alternative methods for recording from zebrafish embryos and larvae involve the attachment of the preparation to the chamber using a fine tungsten pin1,2,3,4,5. A tungsten pin is most often used to mount the preparation in a lateral orientation, although it has been used to mount larvae dorsal-side up4. The suture glue has been used to mount embryos and larvae in both orientations. Using the glue, a minimal dissection can be performed, allowing access to spinal neurons without the use of an enzymatic treatment, thereby avoiding any resultant damage. However, for larvae, it is necessary to apply a brief enzyme treatment to remove the muscle tissue surrounding the spinal cord. The methods described here have been used to study the intrinsic electrical properties of motor neurons, interneurons, and sensory neurons at several developmental stages6,7,8,9.

Zebrafish In Situ Spinal Cord Preparation for Electrophysiological Recordings from Spinal Sensory and Motor Neurons

This manuscript describes methods for electrophysiological recordings from spinal neurons of zebrafish embryos and larvae. The preparation maintains neurons in situ and often involves minimum dissection. These methods allow for the electrophysiological study of a variety of spinal neurons, from the initial electrical excitability acquisition through the early larval stages.

斑马鱼<em&gt;原位</em&gt;脊髓制备用于脊髓感觉和运动神经元的电生理记录

Zebrafish, first introduced as a developmental model, have gained popularity in many other fields. The ease of rearing large numbers of rapidly developing ...

Behavioral And Physiological Analysis In A Zebrafish Model Of Epilepsy

Epilepsy represents one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting an estimated 50 million people worldwide. Recent advances in genetic research have uncovered a large spectrum of genes implicated in various forms of epilepsy, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of this disorder. Appropriate animal models are essential for investigating the pathological mechanisms triggered by genetic mutations implicated in epilepsy and for developing specialized, targeted therapies. In recent years, zebrafish has emerged as a valuable vertebrate organism for modeling epilepsies, with the use of both genetic manipulation and exposure to known epileptogenic drugs, such as pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), to identify novel anti-epileptic therapeutics. Deleterious mutations in the mTOR regulator DEPDC5 have been associated with various forms of focal epilepsies and knock-down of the zebrafish orthologue causes hyperactivity associated with spontaneous seizure-like episodes, as well as enhanced electrographic activity and characteristic turn wheel swimming. Here, we described the method involved in generating the DEPDC5 loss-of-function model and illustrate the protocol for assessing motor activity at 28 and 48 h post fertilization (hpf), as well as a method for recording field activity in the zebrafish optic tectum. An illustration of the effect of the epileptogenic drug PTZ on neuronal activity over time is also provided.

Here, we present a protocol for the development and the characterization of a zebrafish model of epilepsy resulting from the transient inhibition of the DEPDC5 gene.

斑马鱼癫痫模型中的行为和生理分析

Epilepsy represents one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting an estimated 50 million people worldwide. Recent advances in genetic research ...

In vivo Imaging of Fully Active Brain Tissue in Awake Zebrafish Larvae and Juveniles by Skull and Skin Removal

Understanding the ephemeral changes that occur during brain development and maturation requires detailed high-resolution imaging in space and time at cellular and subcellular resolution. Advances in molecular and imaging technologies have allowed us to gain numerous detailed insights into cellular and molecular mechanisms of brain development in the transparent zebrafish embryo. Recently, processes of refinement of neuronal connectivity that occur at later larval stages several weeks after fertilization, which are for example control of social behavior, decision making or motivation-driven behavior, have moved into focus of research. At these stages, pigmentation of the zebrafish skin interferes with light penetration into brain tissue, and solutions for embryonic stages, e.g., pharmacological inhibition of pigmentation, are not feasible anymore.
Therefore, a minimally invasive surgical solution for microscopy access to the brain of awake zebrafish is provided that is derived from electrophysiological&#160;approaches. In teleosts, skin and soft skull cartilage can be carefully removed by micro-peeling these layers, exposing underlying neurons and axonal tracts without damage. This allows for recording neuronal morphology, including synaptic structures and their molecular contents, and the observation of physiological changes such as Ca2+ transients or intracellular transport events. In addition, interrogation of these processes by means of pharmacological inhibition or optogenetic manipulation is feasible. This brain exposure approach provides information about structural and physiological changes in neurons as well as the correlation and interdependence of these events in live brain tissue in the range of minutes or hours. The technique is suitable for in vivo brain imaging of zebrafish larvae up to 30 days post fertilization, the latest developmental stage tested so far. It, thus, provides access to such important questions as synaptic refinement and scaling, axonal and dendritic transport, synaptic targeting of cytoskeletal cargo or local activity-dependent expression. Therefore, a broad use for this mounting and imaging approach can be anticipated.

Here we present a method to image the zebrafish embryonic brain in vivo upto larval and juvenile stages. This microinvasive procedure, adapted from electrophysiological approaches, provides access to cellular and subcellular details of mature neuron and can be combined with optogenetics and neuropharmacological studies for characterizing brain function and drug intervention.

在体内成像完全活跃的脑组织在清醒斑马鱼幼虫和青少年由骷髅和皮肤去除

Understanding the ephemeral changes that occur during brain development and maturation requires detailed high-resolution imaging in space and time at ...

斑马鱼前脑的行为跟踪和神经活动模式

Two-Photon Calcium Imaging of Forebrain Activity in Behaving Adult Zebrafish

Adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exhibit a rich repertoire of behaviors for studying cognitive functions. They also have a miniature brain that can be used for measuring activities across brain regions through optical imaging methods. However, reports on the recording of brain activity in behaving adult zebrafish have been scarce. The present study describes procedures to perform two-photon calcium imaging in the dorsal forebrain of adult zebrafish. We focus on steps to restrain adult zebrafish from moving their heads, which provides stability that enables laser scanning imaging of the brain activity. The head-restrained animals can freely move their body parts and breathe without aids. The procedure aims to shorten the time of head restraint surgery, minimize brain motion, and maximize the number of neurons recorded. A setup for presenting an immersive visual environment during calcium imaging is also described here, which can be used to study neural correlates underlying visually triggered behaviors.

作者聚焦:成年斑马鱼大脑研究的进展 

Here, we present a protocol to perform two-photon calcium imaging in the dorsal forebrain of adult zebrafish.

成年斑马鱼前脑活动的双光子钙成像

Adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exhibit a rich repertoire of behaviors for studying cognitive functions. They also have a miniature brain that can be used ...

In Vivo Confocal Fluorescence Imaging of Neural Activity Induced by Sensory Stimulation in Partially Restrained Larval Zebrafish

Zebrafish larvae are a promising vertebrate model system for studying the neural mechanisms of behavior. Their translucence and relatively simple neural circuitry facilitate the use of optogenetic techniques in cellular analyses of behavior. Fluorescent indicators of in vivo neural activity, such as GCaMP6s, have been widely used to study the neural activity associated with simple behaviors in larval zebrafish. Here, we present a protocol for detecting sensory-induced activity in semi-restrained zebrafish larvae using the transgenic line Tg(elav3:GCaMP6s). In particular, we use the chemical agent allyl isothiocyanate to induce a robust, reproducible fluorescent response in a brain region at the border of the hindbrain and spinal cord. We discuss the potential uses of GCaMP6s for optical monitoring of neural activity during a range of behavioral paradigms and the limitations of this technique. Our protocol outlines an accessible approach for monitoring dynamic, behavior-related in vivo neural activity in the larval zebrafish brain.

Here, we present a detailed protocol to examine neural activity in brain regions of transgenic zebrafish that express GCaMP calcium indicators using confocal microscopy.

Zebrafish larvae are a promising vertebrate model system for studying the neural mechanisms of behavior. Their translucence and relatively simple neural ...

斑马鱼幼虫的前脑的电生理记录

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鉴定转基因鱼的完整的大脑中的神经元的电活动记录

一种新型锥形海绵尖电极在幼虫斑马鱼中的电录记录

在完整的成年斑马鱼大脑电生理记录

斑马鱼

斑马鱼癫痫模型中的行为和生理分析

在体内成像完全活跃的脑组织在清醒斑马鱼幼虫和青少年由骷髅和皮肤去除

成年斑马鱼前脑活动的双光子钙成像

成年斑马鱼前脑活动的双光子钙成像

成年斑马鱼前脑活动的双光子钙成像

In Vivo Confocal Fluorescence Imaging of Neural Activity Induced by Sensory Stimulation in Partially Restrained Larval Zebrafish