The evolution of the device started with somewhat different cutting prototype demonstrated at the Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF) mouse club by Bass Hassan, following this there were several discussions with Rob Rudling and Nikki Mandir in the containment facility at ICRF Clare Hall. Jo Kitau of the mechanical workshop at ICRF constructed the initial versions and Andy Lucas designed and perfected the final model in the CRUK workshop in Oxford.

The various experimental procedures and the humane euthanasia are approved by the host institutions ethical committee and by the appropriate regulatory bodies. Euthanasia is normally achieved using CO2 asphyxiation followed by cervical dislocation.
1. Device
<ol>
	<li>Machine the main portion of the base of the device from out of a solid block of high-density acetyl resin, as described in this manuscript. At each end create 3 mm high-elevated strips, and part machine out of these 2.5 mm groves to take the rods (see Figure 2 and Figure 3).</li>
	<li>Make rods from a 2.4 mm diameter stainless steel with rounded-off ends. 
	NOTE: The main frame of the lid was machined out of Duralumin plate. A limited number of finished devices are available from Dr. Goodlad.</li>
</ol>
2. Use of the Device
<ol>
	<li>Dissect out the small intestine and colon from the abdominal cavity using scissors and gloved fingers. Remove the mesentery by holding it with curved forceps and gently pulling it away from the intestine.</li>
	<li>Rinse the intestines with cold phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) using a Gilson type pipette tip, which had been cut down at its wider end so that it can fit onto a 10 or 20 ml luer fitting plastic syringe.</li>
	<li>Lay out the small bowel (SB) on to a sheet of paper towel and divide into three equal sections in length (proximal, mid, and distal &#8211; SB1, SB2 and SB3) using scissors. Remove the cecum and lay out the colon.</li>
	<li>Make several very small cuts into the intestinal segments with scissors to allow the fluid to escape and place a sheet of paper towel over the intestines and gently run a finger over the preparations to squeeze out the fluid and blot dry.</li>
	<li>Lift the sections and insert the stainless steel rods that were previously wetted by soaking in a beaker of phosphate buffered saline. 
	NOTE: The intestine can be inverted if so desired (turned inside out).</li>
	<li>Label a piece of card or filter paper cut to size to fit into the base of the device. Pencil is best, as it is unaffected by virtually all solutions. Autopsy date, experimental code and animal identification number are suggested.</li>
	<li>Place the card or filter paper into the base of the device. Insert the rods and intestines into the slots in the base of the device. Make sure the proximal end of the segments is positioned in a standardized manner. The proximal ends should be near the card labels.</li>
	<li>Place the top piece of the device over the base. Use the angled bars to guide a scalpel blade to longitudinally cut the sections. 
	NOTE: It helps if the tissue is gently and carefully held with a finger to ensure that it does not move with the knife.</li>
	<li>Remove the top piece of the device. Carefully remove the filter paper and tissues (still on their rods). 
	NOTE: A piece of stiff card placed underneath the filter paper will aid lifting.</li>
	<li>Slightly wet (with a gloved fingertip dipped in PBS) the segments. Roll the rod, side to side to open up the gut and spread it flat. The tissue will then adhere to the filter paper.</li>
	<li>Visually examine the preparations for any gross lesions.</li>
	<li>Transfer the tissue adhered to the filter paper to a shallow bath (or sandwich box) containing fixative. 
	NOTE: After the tissue adheres to the filter paper or to card it will remain firmly attached. A wide range of fixatives can be used to preserve the preparation. It is recommended that Carnoy&#8217;s fluid should be used for the study of intestinal cell proliferations6, which is the ideal fixation for the best cell proliferation methods; however formalin or many other fixatives can also be used if other endpoints are required.</li>
	<li>After fixation (usually 3 hr), transfer the preparations into 70% ethanol. The samples can then be stored until required. The preparations can be studied en face and/or used for the preparation of histological samples for H&#38;E or other histological staining techniques, immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization. 
	NOTE: Prolonged fixation can reduce immunohistochemical reactivity and/or in situ hybridization reactivity. Polypropylene sandwich boxes are ideal for storing a large number of the preparations.</li>
	<li>If required the fixed tissues from the various intestinal segments can be made into &#8216;Swiss rolls&#8217; and stained with the entire range of histological methods6 including those described above. To make a &#8216;Swiss roll&#8217; the intestinal segments are removed from the filter paper, rolled around a cocktail stick or a toothpick, secured with an entomological pin and processed for wax embedding6.</li>
	<li>If required, stain the bulk tissue with methylene blue to visualize aberrant crypt foci7.</li>
	<li>Score the fixed preparations at leisure.</li>
</ol>

<ol>
	<li>Goodlad, R. A., Alison, M. R. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=+Cancer+Handbook."> Cancer Handbook.</a> , 243-262 (2007).</li><li>Ward, J. M., Treuting, P. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Rodent+intestinal+epithelial+carcinogenesis:+pathology+and+preclinical+models.">Rodent intestinal epithelial carcinogenesis: pathology and preclinical models.</a> Toxicol Pathol. 42, 148-161 (2014).</li><li>Sundberg, J. P., Hogenesch, H., Nikitin, A. Y., Treuting, P. M., Ward, J. M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Training+mouse+pathologists:+ten+years+of+workshops+on+the+Pathology+of+Mouse+Models+of+Human+Disease.">Training mouse pathologists: ten years of workshops on the Pathology of Mouse Models of Human Disease.</a> Toxicol Pathol. 40, 823-825 (2012).</li><li>Wasan, H. S., Novelli, M., Bee, J., Bodmer, W. F. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Dietary+fat+influences+on+polyp+phenotype+in+multiple+intestinal+neoplasia+mice.">Dietary fat influences on polyp phenotype in multiple intestinal neoplasia mice.</a> Proc Natl Acade Sci USA. 94, 3308-3313 (1997).</li><li>Rudling, R., Hassan, A. B., Kitau, J., Mandir, N., Goodlad, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+simple+device+to+rapidly+prepare+whole+mounts+of+murine+intestine.">A simple device to rapidly prepare whole mounts of murine intestine.</a> Cell Prolif. 39, 415-420 (2006).</li><li>Alferez, D., Goodlad, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=To+best+measure+cell+proliferation+in+samples+from+the+intestine.">To best measure cell proliferation in samples from the intestine.</a> Cell Prolif. 40, 231-240 (2007).</li><li>Park, H. S., Goodlad, R. A., Wright, N. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+incidence+of+aberrant+crypt+foci+and+colonic+carcinoma+in+dimethylhydrazine-treated+rats+varies+in+a+site-specific+manner+and+depends+on+tumor+histology.">The incidence of aberrant crypt foci and colonic carcinoma in dimethylhydrazine-treated rats varies in a site-specific manner and depends on tumor histology.</a> Cancer Res. 57, 4507-4510 (1997).</li><li>Park, H. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Effects+of+epidermal+growth+factor+and+dimethylhydrazine+on+crypt+size,+cell+proliferation,+and+crypt+fission+in+the+rat+colon.+Cell+proliferation+and+crypt+fission+are+controlled+independently.">Effects of epidermal growth factor and dimethylhydrazine on crypt size, cell proliferation, and crypt fission in the rat colon. Cell proliferation and crypt fission are controlled independently.</a> Am J Pathol. 151, 843-852 (1997).</li><li>Femia, A. P., Dolara, P., Caderni, G. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Mucin-depleted+foci+(MDF)+in+the+colon+of+rats+treated+with+azoxymethane+(AOM)+are+useful+biomarkers+for+colon+carcinogenesis.">Mucin-depleted foci (MDF) in the colon of rats treated with azoxymethane (AOM) are useful biomarkers for colon carcinogenesis.</a> Carcinogenesis. 25, 277-281 (2004).</li><li>Ruehl-Fehlert, C., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Revised+guides+for+organ+sampling+and+trimming+in+rats+and+mice--part+1.">Revised guides for organ sampling and trimming in rats and mice--part 1.</a> Exp Toxicol Pathol. 55, 91-106 (2003).</li><li>Goodlad, R. A., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Inhibiting+vascular+endothelial+growth+factor+receptor-2+signaling+reduces+tumor+burden+in+the+ApcMin/++mouse+model+of+early+intestinal+cancer.">Inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling reduces tumor burden in the ApcMin/+ mouse model of early intestinal cancer.</a> Carcinogenesis. 27, 2133-2139 (2006).</li><li>Mandir, N., Englyst, H., Goodlad, R. A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Resistant+carbohydrates+stimulate+cell+proliferation+and+crypt+fission+in+wild-type+mice+and+in+the+Apc(Min/+)+mouse+model+of+intestinal+cancer,+association+with+enhanced+polyp+development.">Resistant carbohydrates stimulate cell proliferation and crypt fission in wild-type mice and in the Apc(Min/+) mouse model of intestinal cancer, association with enhanced polyp development.</a> Br J Nutr. 100, 711-721 (2008).</li></ol>

The authors have nothing to disclose.

The device greatly speeds up the process so that two operators can fully autopsy a mouse within 6 min. This will include a visual check for obvious gross lesions and weighing and fixing the major organs. It will also allow the operators to rinse, blot and weigh the stomach, caecum, small intestine and colon and prepare the whole mounts. The flattened tissue can be fixed very quickly and thus avoid degradation artifacts.
One of the major advantages of the device (apart from speed) is that the d...

The mouse and the genetically modified mouse1-3 are an invaluable model for the study of various pathologies especially cancer and its relationship to inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. This often requires the preparation of whole mounts of the small intestine and/or colon.
The preparation of whole mounts can be done with a precision pair of offset scissors but it can take about 20 min&#160;per mouse4. This is not very practical for comparative studies, which require a significant amount of mice (say 10 per group subject to statistical analysis). In addition, the length of time taken increases the risk of tissue degradation. An attempt to alleviate this problem led to the trial of various cutting preparation aids. The first was based on a series of metal plates, with cutting groves, but the plates obscured the tissue and the cutting was thus difficult to control.
A conventional six-sided pencil finally provided inspiration for the cutting device, as we could then see how a half pencil shape would make a good guide for a scalpel (Figure 1). This resulted in a design for a frame with four cutting guides5. The effectiveness of this device was dramatic as the preparations in Figure 4 demonstrate the difference between the scissor preparation and the device preparation.
The tops of the original devices was constructed from several pieces of metal, but later ones, and the current model was machined out of a solid piece of Duralumin. The base was machined out of highest quality high-density resin.
The device has proved to be of great use for the preparation of whole mounts of mouse intestine as it greatly speeds up and improves the quality and consistency of the preparations, which have a wide range of applications.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Delrin</td><td>Ryan Plastics, Earls Barton, UK</td><td></td><td>High-density acetal resin similar material would suffice</td></tr><tr><td>Duralumin plate</td><td>Metal Supplies Ltd, Park Road,Dukinfield. SK16 5LP UK</td><td></td><td>Aluminium allow dating back to 1909 so alterative suppliers are available&amp;nbsp;</td></tr><tr><td>Finished device(s) ready for use</td><td>Contact Dr Goodlad&amp;nbsp; r.goodlad@imperial.ac.uk</td><td></td><td>Contact&amp;nbsp; r.goodlad@imperial.ac.uk for supply details</td></tr></tbody></table>

a simple device to rapidly prepare whole mounts of the mouse intestine

Preparing whole mounts of the mouse small intestine and colon for subsequent analysis or quantification can be time consuming and difficult. We describe the use of a simple device to cut and &#8216;roll&#8217; mouse intestines to rapidly prepare whole mount preparations of superior and uniform quality to that which can be achieved by hand. The device comprises a base that holds 4 stainless steel rods and a top, which acts a cutting guide. The rods are inserted into the lumen of the small intestine [divided into thirds] and the colon. The rods and samples are then placed over a piece of filter paper or card into the holding slots in the base of the device. The top of the device is then positioned and serves as a cutting guide. The two angled sections in the center of the top piece are used to guide a knife or scalpel and cut the intestines longitudinally on the top of the rods. Once the intestinal sections have been cut, the top is removed and the card,&#160;tissue and rods gently removed from the device and placed on the bench. The rods are then gently rolled sideways to flatten and stick the intestinal segments onto the underlying piece of filter paper or card. The final preparation can then be examined or fixed and stored for later analysis. The preparations are invaluable for the study of intestinal changes in normal or genetically modified mouse models. The preparations have been used for the study and quantification of the effects of inflammation (colitis), damage, pre-cancerous lesions (aberrant crypt foci (ACFs) and mucin depleted foci (MDFs)) and polyps or tumors.

Polyps are easy to identify under a stereomicroscope with a cold light source to side illuminate the tissue (Figure 4). It is helpful to mark the card with pencil marks when a polyp is observed in order that scoring can be discussed later and different operators can reach agreement. The tissue can also be bulk stained [with methylene blue] to identify aberrant crypt foci8 or mucin depleted foci (MDFs)9 by illumination from above or by trans illumination (Figure 5).<...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about A Simple Device to Rapidly Prepare Whole Mounts of the Mouse Intestine at JoVE.com

A Simple Device to Rapidly Prepare Whole Mounts of the Mouse Intestine

The use of a simple device to cut and &#8216;roll&#8217; mouse intestines to rapidly prepare whole mount preparations is described.

Preparing whole mounts of the mouse small intestine and colon for subsequent analysis or quantification can be time consuming and difficult. We describe ...

a-simple-device-to-rapidly-prepare-whole-mounts-of-the-mouse-intestine

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

19.5K Views.  National Institutes of Health. The use of a simple device to cut and ‘roll’ mouse intestines to rapidly prepare whole mount preparations is described.

Video: A Simple Device to Rapidly Prepare Whole Mounts of the Mouse Intestine

Video Imaging and Spatiotemporal Maps to Analyze Gastrointestinal Motility in Mice

The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays an important role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility and can function independently of the central nervous system. Changes in ENS function are a major cause of GI symptoms and disease and may contribute to GI symptoms reported in neuropsychiatric disorders including autism. It is well established that isolated colon segments generate spontaneous, rhythmic contractions known as Colonic Migrating Motor Complexes (CMMCs). A procedure to analyze the enteric neural regulation of CMMCs in ex vivo preparations of mouse colon is described. The colon is dissected from the animal and flushed to remove fecal content prior to being cannulated in an organ bath. Data is acquired via a video camera positioned above the organ bath and converted to high-resolution spatiotemporal maps via an in-house software package. Using this technique, baseline contractile patterns and pharmacological effects on ENS function in colon segments can be compared over 3-4 hr. In addition, propagation length and speed of CMMCs can be recorded as well as changes in gut diameter and contraction frequency. This technique is useful for characterizing gastrointestinal motility patterns in transgenic mouse models (and in other species including rat and guinea pig). In this way, pharmacologically induced changes in CMMCs are recorded in wild type mice and in the Neuroligin-3R451C mouse model of autism. Furthermore, this technique can be applied to other regions of the GI tract including the duodenum, jejunum and ileum and at different developmental ages in mice.

This article describes a video imaging technique and high-resolution spatiotemporal mapping to identify changes in the neural regulation of colonic motility in adult mice. Subtle effects on gastrointestinal (GI) function can be detected using this approach in isolated tissue preparations to advance our understanding of GI disease.

The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays an important role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility and can function independently of the central ...

Neuroscience

Multiphoton Microscopic Observation of Vessels in Mouse Liver Tissue

Observing the intravascular dynamics of mouse liver tissue allows us to conduct further in-depth observations and studies on tissue-related diseases of the mouse liver. A mouse is injected with a dye that can stain blood vessels. To observe the mouse liver in vivo, it is exposed and fixed in a frame. Two and three-dimensional images of the blood vessels in the liver tissue are obtained using a multiphoton microscope. Images of the tissues at the selected sites are continuously acquired to observe long-term changes; the dynamic changes of blood vessels in the liver tissues are also observed. Multiphoton microscopy is a method for observing cell and cell function in deep tissue sections or organs. Multiphoton microscopy has sensitivity to tissue microstructure and enables imaging of biological tissues at high spatial resolution in vivo, providing the ability to capture the biochemical information of the organization. Multiphoton microscopy is used to observe part of the liver but fixing the liver to make the image more stable is problematic. In this experiment, a special vacuum suction cup is used to fix the liver and obtain a more stable image of the liver under the microscope. In addition, this method can be used to observe dynamic changes of specific substances in the liver by marking such substances with dyes.

In this experiment, a mouse is injected in its tail vein with Rhodamine B isothiocyanate&#8211;dextran that can stain blood vessels. After the liver is exposed and fixed, a specific part of the liver can be selected to observe the deep tissue in the living body using multiphoton microscopy.

Observing the intravascular dynamics of mouse liver tissue allows us to conduct further in-depth observations and studies on tissue-related diseases of ...

Bioengineering

A Method for Mouse Pancreatic Islet Isolation and Intracellular cAMP Determination

Uncontrolled glycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and promotes morbidities like neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes, both immune-mediated type 1 and obesity-linked type 2, studies aimed at delineating diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutic mechanisms are of critical importance. The &#946;-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are responsible for appropriately secreting insulin in response to elevated blood glucose concentrations. In addition to glucose and other nutrients, the &#946;-cells are also stimulated by specific hormones, termed incretins, which are secreted from the gut in response to a meal and act on &#946;-cell receptors that increase the production of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Decreased &#946;-cell function, mass, and incretin responsiveness are well-understood to contribute to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, and are also being increasingly linked with type 1 diabetes. The present mouse islet isolation and cAMP determination protocol can be a tool to help delineate mechanisms promoting disease progression and therapeutic interventions, particularly those that are mediated by the incretin receptors or related receptors that act through modulation of intracellular cAMP production. While only cAMP measurements will be described, the described islet isolation protocol creates a clean preparation that also allows for many other downstream applications, including glucose stimulated insulin secretion, [3H]-thymidine incorporation, protein abundance, and mRNA expression.

Assaying in vitro &#946;-cell function using isolated mouse islets of Langerhans is an important component in the study of diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutics. While many&#160;downstream applications are available, this protocol specifically describes the measurement of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) as an essential parameter determining &#946;-cell function.

Uncontrolled glycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and promotes morbidities like neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. With the increasing ...

Biology

Studying Murine Small Bowel Mechanosensing of Luminal Particulates

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility is critical for normal digestion and absorption. In the small bowel, which absorbs nutrients, motility optimizes digestion and absorption. For this reason, some of the motility patterns in the small bowel include segmentation for mixing of luminal contents and peristalsis for their propulsion. Physical properties of luminal contents modulate the patterns of small bowel motility. The mechanical stimulation of GI mechanosensory circuits by transiting luminal contents and underlying gut motility initiate and modulate complex GI motor patterns. Yet, the mechanosensory mechanisms that drive this process remain poorly understood. This is primarily due to a lack of tools to dissect how the small bowel handles materials of different physical properties. To study how the small bowel handles particulates of varying sizes, we have modified an established in vivo method to determine small bowel transit. We gavage live mice with fluorescent liquid or tiny fluorescent beads. After 30 minutes, we dissect out the bowels to image the distribution of fluorescent contents across the entirety of the GI tract. In addition to high-resolution measurements of the geometric center, we use variable size binning and spectral analysis to determine how different materials affect small bowel transit. We have explored how a recently discovered "gut touch" mechanism affects small bowel motility using this approach.

To study how the small bowel handles particulates of varying sizes, we have modified an established in vivo method to determine small bowel transit.

Gastrointestinal (GI) motility is critical for normal digestion and absorption. In the small bowel, which absorbs nutrients, motility optimizes digestion ...

Whole Cell Electrophysiology of Primary Cultured Murine Enterochromaffin Cells

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium constitute the largest subpopulation of enteroendocrine cells. As specialized sensory cells, EC cells sense luminal stimuli and convert them into serotonin (5-hyroxytryptamine, 5-HT) release events. However, the electrophysiology of these cells is poorly understood because they are difficult to culture and to identify. The method presented in this paper outlines primary EC cell cultures optimized for single cell electrophysiology. This protocol utilizes a transgenic cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) reporter to identify mouse EC cells in mixed primary cultures, advancing the approach to obtaining high-quality recordings of whole cell electrophysiology in voltage- and current-clamp modes.

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells comprise a small subset of gastrointestinal epithelial cells. EC cells are electrically excitable and release serotonin, yet difficulties in culturing and identifying EC cells have limited physiological studies. The method presented here establishes a primary culture model amenable to examination of single EC cells by electrophysiology.

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium constitute the largest subpopulation of enteroendocrine cells. As specialized sensory ...

Laser Ablation and Intravital Microscopy to Study Intestinal Remodeling

Investigating intestinal recovery in vivo is an exquisite technical challenge. A lack of longitudinal imaging protocols has prevented deeper insights into the cell and tissue scale dynamics that orchestrate intestinal regeneration. Here, we describe an intravital microscopy method that locally induces tissue damage at the single crypt scale and follows the regenerative response of the intestinal epithelium in living mice. Single crypts or larger intestinal fields were ablated by a high-intensity multiphoton infrared laser in a time- and space-controlled manner. Subsequent long-term repetitive intravital imaging enabled the tracking of the damaged areas over time and allowed for the monitoring of crypt dynamics during tissue recovery over a period of multiple weeks. Crypt remodeling events such as crypt fission, fusion, and disappearance were observed in the neighboring tissue upon laser-induced damage. This protocol enables the study of crypt dynamics both in homeostatic and pathophysiological settings, such as aging and tumor initiation.

Here, we present a method to obtain images of the intestine upon laser-induced wounding. By exposing the mouse intestine to a multiphoton laser, the loss of a single or multiple crypt(s) is induced locally. By repeatedly imaging the damaged area over months, the real-time dynamics of intestinal recovery is captured.

Investigating intestinal recovery in vivo is an exquisite technical challenge. A lack of longitudinal imaging protocols has prevented deeper insights into ...

Imaging Fixture Supported Mouse Liver Staging for Multiphoton Microscopy Based Vascular Visualization: A Stabilization Device-assisted Imaging Technique to Obtain Multi-dimensional Images of Blood Vessels in Mouse Liver

Source: Rongrong, W. et al. <a href="https://jove.unicartagenaproxy.elogim.com/video/60932" target="_blank">Multiphoton Microscopic Observation of Vessels in Mouse Liver Tissue</a>. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)
This video describes an imaging procedure to observe and study intravascular dynamics of a mouse liver tissue using multiphoton microscopy following stabilization of the organ. Multiphoton microscopy enables the imaging of biological tissue at high spatial resolution in vivo.

Wspomagana oprawą obrazowania ocena wątroby myszy do wizualizacji naczyniowej opartej na mikroskopii wielofotonowej: technika obrazowania wspomagana urządzeniem stabilizacyjnym w celu uzyskania wielowymiarowych obrazów naczyń krwionośnych w wątrobie myszy

Source: Rongrong, W. et al. Multiphoton Microscopic Observation of Vessels in Mouse Liver Tissue. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)
This video describes an imaging ...

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

Rodent Models

Adult

Whole Mount Preparation of Mouse Intestine: Using a Simple Gut-incising Device to Prepare Whole Mount

Source: Yoneda, M. et al. <a href="https://jove.unicartagenaproxy.elogim.com/video/53042" target="_blank">A Simple Device to Rapidly Prepare Whole Mounts of the Mouse Intestine.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2015)
In this video, we demonstrate whole mount preparation of the mouse intestine using a simple gut-incising device. The resulting mounts are of superior and uniform quality and can be used for histological analyses.

Przygotowanie całego mocowania jelita myszy: Użycie prostego urządzenia do nacinania jelit w celu przygotowania całego wierzchowca

Source: Yoneda, M. et al. A Simple Device to Rapidly Prepare Whole Mounts of the Mouse Intestine. J. Vis. Exp. (2015)
In this video, we demonstrate whole ...

Cancer Research

Gastrointestinal Cancer

Assays and techniques

Colonoscopic Guided Pinch Biopsy in a Mouse Model: A Technique to Visualize and Extract Tissue Samples from Mouse Colon

Source: Montrose, D. C., et al. <a href="https://jove.unicartagenaproxy.elogim.com/v/60949">Performing Colonoscopic-Guided Pinch Biopsies in Mice and Evaluating Subsequent Tissue Changes.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2021)
This video demonstrates the protocol for performing colonoscope-guided pinch biopsy in the mouse. This technique helps visually analyze the colon lumen and collect tissue samples for detailed studies.

Kolonoskopowa biopsja szczypty pod kontrolą w modelu mysim: technika wizualizacji i ekstrakcji próbek tkanek z okrężnicy myszy

Source: Montrose, D. C., et al. Performing Colonoscopic-Guided Pinch Biopsies in Mice and Evaluating Subsequent Tissue Changes. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)
This ...

Mouse Ileal Loop Model: A Surgical Model to Study Intestinal Permeability in the Mouse

Source: Boerner, K., et al. <a href="https://jove.unicartagenaproxy.elogim.com/v/62093">Functional Assessment of Intestinal Permeability and Neutrophil Transepithelial Migration in Mice using a Standardized Intestinal Loop Model.</a> J. Vis. Exp. (2021)
This video demonstrates the generation of an ileal loop model to study intestinal permeability in a mouse model. This method provides a live model to understand the epithelial barrier function and consequent immune response.