Name: temperature-programmed deoxygenation of acetic acid on molybdenum carbide catalysts
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This work was supported by the Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office under Contract no. DE-AC36-08-GO28308. The U.S. Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, paid up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this work, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

TPRxn 방법은 반응 온도의 함수로서 촉매의 활성 및 선택성에 대한 정보를 제공하고, 촉매 물질의 스크리닝을위한 강력한 도구이다. 예컨대 TPD, TPO와 TPR과 같은 다른 온도 프로그래밍 방법 흡착 반응물의 강도, 흡착 부위의 수 및 적절한 촉매의 전처리 과정에 대한 정보를 제공 할 수 있지만, 직접 촉매 성능 데이터를 제공하지 않는다. 이는이 연구에서 설명 된 TPRxn 방법은 정상 상태 반응 속도를 측...

온도 프로그램 반응 (TPRxn)는 꾸준히 증가하여 산화 (TPO), 환원 (TPR), 진행과 반응 동시에 촉매의 노출을 통해 또는 다음 (TPD) 탈착 등 많은 온도 프로그래밍 방법 중 하나입니다 온도. 1, 2, 3 TPRxn는 반응 온도의 함수로서, 촉매 활성 및 선택성에 대한 정보를 제공하는 일시적인 기술이다. 4, 5, 6 또한 인기있는 기술이다 : 문헌 수율의 사용을 인용 1,000 원의 키워드 &#39;온도 프로그램 반응&#39;의 검색. TPRxn 실험은 일반적으로 실시간 반응기 유출 분석 및 P의 상관 관계에 대한 질량 분석기 (MS)를 갖춘 마이크로 반응기 시스템에서 수행온도 erformance. 반응 가스는 주사기 펌프를 통해 또는 액체를 통해 불활성 기체를 버블 링에 의해 증기로서 도입 될 수있는 질량 유량 제어기와 액체를 사용하여 도입 할 수있다. 촉매는 종종 반응을위한 바람직한 촉매 상을 형성하는 반응계에서 사전 처리된다. 일부 시스템은 촉매, 또는 반응 메커니즘에 존재하는 정량적 또는 정 성적 촉매 선택에 대한 자세한 내용은 표면 종을 제공하는, 전형적인 질량 분석기를 넘어, 추가 분석 장비를 갖추고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 현장 프로그래밍 푸리에 온도는 적외선 분광기 (FTIR)을 반응 온도를 변화와 표면 종의 진화에 대한 정보를 제공하는 변환. 이 연구에서 입증 7, 8 TPRxn 시스템은 전형적인 MS 이외에 가스 크로마토 그램 (GC)를 구비한다. 4 개의 병렬 열 장착이 GC는 더 정확한 정량화 가능반응 생성물을 없애는의 수 있으나,이 컬럼을 통해 용출 제품 걸리는 시간에 의한 분석 주파수에 제한된다. 따라서, MS 및 GC의 결합은 반응물과 생성물의 정확한 정량 실시간 식별을 연결하기에 특히 유용 할 수있다. 여기, 우리는 몰리브덴 탄화 촉매에 아세트산의 탈 산소를 연구하기 위해 TPRxn 방법론을 적용합니다. 아세트산 바이오 매스의 열분해 증기에 존재하는 많은 카르 복실 산에 유용한 아날로그이기 때문에 이것은 촉매 연구에 흥미 있고 중요한 반응이다. 9 매스 열분해 증기의 높은 산소 함량 푸르 푸랄, 1- 프로판올을 포함한 많은 미생물 열분해 기상 모델 화합물 용 탈산 소화 성능 유망 도시 한 탄화수소 연료, 10, 11, 12, 탄화 몰리브덴 촉매를 제조하는 산소 제거를 필요로한다,페놀 및 아세트산. 9, 13, 14, 15, 16 단, 탈산 소화 반응에서 탄화 몰리브덴 촉매의 활성 및 선택성은 촉매 구조 및 조성은 반응 종 및 반응 조건에 따라 달라진다. 아세트산 TPRxn로부터 수집 된 데이터는 탄화 몰리브덴 촉매는 캘리포니아 상기 탈산 소화 반응에 대한 활성임을 보여준다 촉매 특성 정보와 결합 될 때 300 ° C는 아세트산 회전율의 계산을 통해 온도에 따른 촉매 활성의 정량을 허용한다. TPRxn 결과는 탈 산소 (즉, CO 결합 - 분리) 제품이 약 이하의 온도에서 선호하는 것을 보여 400 ° C와 탈 카르 보 닐화 (즉, CC 결합 - 분리) 제품 사진은 마음에 있습니다약 이상의 온도에서 빨간색 400 ° C. 또한 TPRxn 연구는 다양한 합성 방법을 사용하여 제조 된 탄화 몰리브덴 촉매의 활성 및 선택성의 변화를 도시한다 (즉, 다른 탄화 몰리브덴 촉매 구조 및 조성물의 제조). 또,이 정보의 값은,보다 일반적으로, 촉매를 설계 및 공정 최적화 향해 TPRxn 실험 데이터의 성공적인 응용은 얻어진 데이터의 품질의 함수이다. TPRxn 절차 전반에 걸쳐 강조 잠재적 인 어려움과 한계를 충분히 고려하고 지식이 중요합니다.

<table><tbody><tr><td>glacial acetic acid</td><td>Cole-Parmer</td><td>EW-88401-62</td><td>alternate supplier acceptable if ACS purity grade. See caution statement in protocol for safety information</td></tr><tr><td>UHP He</td><td>Airgas</td><td>HE R300SS</td><td>alternate supplier acceptable if&amp;nbsp;&gt;99.99% purity</td></tr><tr><td>UHP Ar</td><td>Arigas</td><td>AR R200</td><td>alternate supplier acceptable if&amp;nbsp;&gt;99.99% purity</td></tr><tr><td>acetone</td><td>VWR International</td><td>BDH1101-4LP</td><td>alternate supplier acceptable if&amp;nbsp;&gt;99.5% purity</td></tr><tr><td>quartz chips</td><td>Powder Technology Inc.</td><td>Crushed Quartz</td><td>sieved 180-300 &amp;micro;m, calcined in air at 500 &amp;deg;C overnight</td></tr><tr><td>mass spectrometer - turbo vacuum pump</td><td>Pfeiffer Vacuum</td><td>TSU 071</td><td>mass spectrometer is controlled with LabVIEW 2010 software package (National Instruments)</td></tr><tr><td>mass spectrometer - turbo vacuum pump</td><td>Stanford Research Systems</td><td>RGA100</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>micro gas chromatograph</td><td>Agilent</td><td>CP740388</td><td>490 Micro GC; 4-channel system&lt;br/&gt; Channel 1: 494001360 Molseive 10m, heated backflush&lt;br/&gt; Channel 2: 494001460 PPU 10m, heated backflush&lt;br/&gt; Channel 3: 490040 AL2O3/KCL 10+0.2m, heated backflush SPECIAL&lt;br/&gt; Channel 4: 492005750 5CB 15m, heated</td></tr><tr><td>GC software</td><td>Aglient</td><td>OpenLAB CDS EZChrom Edition</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>clean gas filters</td><td>Agilent</td><td>CP17974</td><td>for use on GC carrier gases (He, Ar)</td></tr><tr><td>quartz &quot;U-tube&quot; reactor</td><td>n/a</td><td></td><td>hand blown glass, custom built to order</td></tr><tr><td>bubbler</td><td>n/a</td><td></td><td>custom built to order</td></tr><tr><td>ceramic furnace</td><td>Watlow</td><td>discontinued</td><td>Similar furnace part #: VC401J12A-B000R</td></tr><tr><td>heat tape controller</td><td>n/a</td><td></td><td>custom built with Watlow EZ-zone parts</td></tr><tr><td>heat tape</td><td>Omega</td><td>FGH051-060</td><td>alternate supplier for extreme temperature heat tape acceptable</td></tr><tr><td>heat tape insulation</td><td>JEGS</td><td>710-80809</td><td>alternate supplier acceptable</td></tr><tr><td>thermocouple</td><td>Omega</td><td>&lt;em&gt;e.g.&lt;/em&gt;, KMQSS-062U-18</td><td>K-type thermocouples; alternate sizes may be required</td></tr><tr><td>thermocouple O-ring</td><td>Swagelok</td><td>VT-7-OR-001-1/2</td><td>perfluoroelastomer(fluorocarbon FKM) O-ring</td></tr><tr><td>2 &amp;micro;m solids filter, VCR gasket</td><td>Swagelok</td><td>SS-4-VCR-2-2M</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1 &amp;micro;m orifice, VCR gasket</td><td>Lenox Laser</td><td>SS-4-VCR-2</td><td>for mass spectrometer orifice</td></tr><tr><td>316/316L stainless steel tubing and fittings</td><td>Swagelok</td><td>Varies</td><td>See Swagelok &#039;VCR Metal Gasket Face Seal Fittings&#039; and &#039;Stainless Steel Seamless Tubing and Tube Support Systems&#039; catalogs for more information</td></tr><tr><td>316/316L stainless steel tubing and fittings</td><td>Swagelok</td><td>Varies</td><td>See Swagelok &#039;Integral-Bonnet Needle Valves&#039;, &#039;Bellows-Sealed Valves&#039; and &#039;One-Piece Instrumentation Ball Valves&#039; catalogs for more information</td></tr></tbody></table>

temperature-programmed deoxygenation of acetic acid on molybdenum carbide catalysts

온도 프로그램 반응 (TPRxn)는 다양한 조건에서 고체 촉매의 성능을 선별하기위한 간단하면서도 강력한 도구입니다. TPRxn 시스템은 실시간 (예를 들면, 질량 분석)으로 반응을 모니터링하는 반응 생성물 (예를 들면, 가스 크로마토 그래피), 및 계측을 정량화하는 계측 제어 흐름 반응기, 보일러, 가스 및 증기 공급원을 포함한다. 여기서 우리는 아세트산, 바이오 매스의 열분해 증기의 업그레이드 / 안정화에 많은 가운데 중요한 반응의 탈 산소에 대한 몰리브덴 탄화 촉매를 연구하는 TPRxn 방법론을 적용합니다. TPRxn는 촉매 활성 및 선택성을 평가하고 가상의 반응 경로 (예를 들면, 탈 카보 닐화, ketonization, 수소화)을 테스트하기 위해 사용된다. 아세트산의 탈 산소 TPRxn 연구의 결과는 탄화 몰리브덴이 약 이상의 온도에서 반응을위한 활성 촉매임을 보여준다 300 ° C에서 반응 호의 해당약 이하의 온도에서 탈 산소 (즉, CO의 결합을 파괴) 제품 약 이상의 온도 400 ° C와 탈 카르 보 닐화 (즉, CC 결합 - 분리) 제품 400 ° C.

온라인 MS 실시간으로 반응기 출구에서의 가스 조성을 분석 할 수있는 기능을 제공한다. 온라인 MS는 분석에 앞서 제품, 대량 조각 패턴을 중복으로 화합물을 구별 할 때, 따라서 종 식별이 도전을 분리하는 장치와 함께 결합되어 있지 않습니다. 표 2에 나타낸 바와 같이, 아세트산 TPRxn 실험에서 공통 제품의 많은 여러 공통 m / z 신호에 의해 특징 지어진다. 상?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts at JoVE.com

Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts

아세트산 탈산 소화 동안 탄화 몰리브덴의 촉매 성능을 평가하기위한 마이크로 스케일 온도 프로그래밍 반응기의 작동을위한 프로토콜은 여기에 제시 하였다.

몰리브덴 초경 촉매에 초산의 온도 프로그램 탈산 소화

Temperature programmed reaction (TPRxn) is a simple yet powerful tool for screening solid catalyst performance at a variety of conditions. A TPRxn system ...

temperature-programmed-deoxygenation-acetic-acid-on-molybdenum

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11.4K 조회수.  National Renewable Energy Laboratory.  아세트산 탈산 소화 동안 탄화 몰리브덴의 촉매 성능을 평가하기위한 마이크로 스케일 온도 프로그래밍 반응기의 작동을위한 프로토콜은 여기에 제시 하였다. 

비디오: Temperature-programmed Deoxygenation of Acetic Acid on Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts

Aerosol-assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal Oxide Structures: Zinc Oxide Rods

Whilst columnar zinc oxide (ZnO) structures in the form of rods or wires have been synthesized previously by different liquid- or vapor-phase routes, their high cost production and/or incompatibility with microfabrication technologies, due to the use of pre-deposited catalyst-seeds and/or high processing temperatures exceeding 900 &#176;C, represent a drawback for a widespread use of these methods. Here, however, we report the synthesis of ZnO rods via a non-catalyzed vapor-solid mechanism enabled by using an aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at 400 &#176;C with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) as the precursor and ethanol as the carrier solvent. This method provides both single-step formation of ZnO rods and the possibility of their direct integration with various substrate types, including silicon, silicon-based micromachined platforms, quartz, or high heat resistant polymers. This potentially facilitates the use of this method at a large-scale, due to its compatibility with state-of-the-art microfabrication processes for device manufacture. This report also describes the properties of these structures (e.g., morphology, crystalline phase, optical band gap, chemical composition, electrical resistance) and validates its gas sensing functionality towards carbon monoxide.

Columnar zinc oxide structures in the form of rods are synthesized via aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition without the use of pre-deposited catalyst-seed particles. This method is scalable and compatible with various substrates based on either silicon, quartz or polymers.

에 어로 졸 기반 구조 금속 산화물의 화학 증기 증 착: 산화 아연 막대

Whilst columnar zinc oxide (ZnO) structures in the form of rods or wires have been synthesized previously by different liquid- or vapor-phase routes, ...

연구

화학

Simultaneous Multi-surface Anodizations and Stair-like Reverse Biases Detachment of Anodic Aluminum Oxides in Sulfuric and Oxalic Acid Electrolyte

After reporting on the two-step anodization, nanoporous anodic aluminum oxides (AAOs) have been widely utilized in the versatile fields of fundamental sciences and industrial applications owing to their periodic arrangement of nanopores with relatively high aspect ratio. However, the techniques reported so far, which could be only valid for mono-surface anodization, show critical disadvantages, i.e., time-consuming as well as complicated procedures, requiring toxic chemicals, and wasting valuable natural resources. In this paper, we demonstrate a facile, efficient, and environmentally clean method to fabricate nanoporous AAOs in sulfuric and oxalic acid electrolytes, which can overcome the limitations that result from conventional AAO fabricating methods. First, plural AAOs are produced at one time through simultaneous multi-surfaces anodization (SMSA), indicating mass-producibility of the AAOs with comparable qualities. Second, those AAOs can be separated from the aluminum (Al) substrate by applying stair-like reverse biases (SRBs) in the same electrolyte used for the SMSAs, implying simplicity and green technological characteristics. Finally, a unit sequence consisting of the SMSAs sequentially combined with SRBs-based detachment can be applied repeatedly to the same Al substrate, which reinforces the advantages of this strategy and also guarantees the efficient usage of natural resources.

A protocol for fabricating nanoporous anodic aluminum oxides via simultaneous multi-surfaces anodization followed by stair-like reverse biases detachments is presented. It can be applied repeatedly to the same aluminum substrate, exhibiting a facile, high-yield, and environmentally clean strategy.

동시-표면 Anodizations와 황산에 양극 알루미늄 산화물 및 괭이밥에서 채취한 산 성 전해질의 계단 처럼 역방향 바이어스 분리

After reporting on the two-step anodization, nanoporous anodic aluminum oxides (AAOs) have been widely utilized in the versatile fields of fundamental ...

공학

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

This protocol presents both the synthesis method of the Ni single atom catalyst, and the electrochemical testing of its catalytic activity and selectivity in aqueous CO2 reduction. Different from traditional metal nanocrystals, the synthesis of metal single atoms involves a matrix material that can confine those single atoms and prevent them from aggregation. We report an electrospinning and thermal annealing method to prepare Ni single atoms dispersed and coordinated in a graphene shell, as active centers for CO2 reduction to CO. During the synthesis, N dopants play a critical role in generating graphene vacancies to trap Ni atoms. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and three-dimensional atom probe tomography were employed to identify the single Ni atomic sites in graphene vacancies. Detailed setup of electrochemical CO2 reduction apparatus coupled with an on-line gas chromatography is also demonstrated. Compared to metallic Ni, Ni single atom catalyst exhibit dramatically improved CO2 reduction and suppressed H2 evolution side reaction.

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Here, we present a protocol for the synthesis and electrochemical testing of transition metal single atoms coordinated in graphene vacancies as active centers for selective carbon dioxide reduction to carbon monoxide in aqueous solutions.

합성 및 전기 화학적 CO2 감소를 위한 전이 금속 단일 원자 촉매의 성능 Characterizations

This protocol presents both the synthesis method of the Ni single atom catalyst, and the electrochemical testing of its catalytic activity and selectivity ...

Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Dioxide and a Temperature-dependent Optical Model

Vanadium dioxide is a material that has a reversible metal-insulator phase change near 68 &#176;C. To grow VO2 on a wide variety of substrates, with wafer-scale uniformity and angstrom level control of thickness, the method of atomic-layer deposition was chosen. This ALD process enables high-quality, low-temperature (&#8804;150 &#176;C) growth of ultrathin films (100-1000 &#197;) of VO2. For this demonstration, the VO2 films were grown on sapphire substrates. This low temperature growth technique produces mostly amorphous VO2 films. A subsequent anneal in an ultra-high vacuum chamber with a pressure of 7x10-4 Pa of ultra-high purity (99.999%) oxygen produced oriented, polycrystalline VO2 films. The crystallinity, phase, and strain of the VO2 were determined by Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, while the stoichiometry and impurity levels were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and finally the morphology was determined by atomic force microscopy. These data demonstrate the high-quality of the films grown by this technique. A model was created to fit to the data for VO2 in its metallic and insulating phases in the near infrared spectral region. The permittivity and refractive index of the ALD VO2 agreed well with the other fabrication methods in its insulating phase, but showed a difference in its metallic state. Finally, the analysis of the films&#39; optical properties enabled the creation of a wavelength- and temperature-dependent model of the complex optical refractive index for developing VO2 as a tunable refractive index material.

Thin films (100-1000 &#197;) of vanadium dioxide (VO2) were created by atomic-layer deposition (ALD) on sapphire substrates. Following this, the optical properties were characterized through the metal-insulator transition of VO2. From the measured optical properties, a model was created to describe the tunable refractive index of VO2.

바나듐이 산화물 및 온도 따른 광 모델의 원자 층 증 착

Vanadium dioxide is a material that has a reversible metal-insulator phase change near 68 &#176;C. To grow VO2 on a wide variety of substrates, with ...

Solvothermal Synthesis of MIL-96 and UiO-66-NH2 on Atomic Layer Deposited Metal Oxide Coatings on Fiber Mats

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which contain reactive metal clusters and organic ligands allowing for large porosities and surface areas, have proven effective in gas adsorption, separations, and catalysis. MOFs are most commonly synthesized as bulk powder, requiring additional processes to adhere them to functional devices and fabrics that risk decreasing the powder porosity and adsorption capacity. Here, we demonstrate a method of first coating fabrics with metal oxide films using atomic layer deposition (ALD). This process creates conformal films of controllable thickness on each fiber, while providing a more reactive surface for MOF nucleation. By submerging the ALD coated fabric in solution during solvothermal MOF synthesis, the MOFs create a conformal, well-adhered coating on the fibers, resulting in a MOF-functionalized fabric, without additional adhesion materials that may block MOF pores and functional sites. Here we demonstrate two solvothermal synthesis methods. First, we form a MIL-96(Al) layer on polypropylene fibers using synthetic conditions that convert the metal oxide to MOF. Using initial inorganic films of varying thicknesses, diffusion of the organic linker into the inorganic allows us to control the extent of MOF loading on the fabric. Second, we perform a solvothermal synthesis of UiO-66-NH2 in which the MOF nucleates on the conformal metal oxide coating on polyamide-6 (PA-6) fibers, thereby producing a uniform and conformal thin film of MOF on the fabric. The resulting materials can be directly incorporated into filter devices or protective clothing and eliminate the maladroit qualities of loose powder.

Solvothermal Synthesis of MIL-96 and UiO-66-NH2 on Atomic Layer Deposited Metal Oxide Coatings on Fiber Mats

Metal-organic frameworks are effective in gas storage and heterogeneous catalysis, but typical synthesis methods result in loose powders that are difficult to incorporate into smart materials. We demonstrate a method of first coating fabrics with ALD metal oxides, resulting in conformal films of MOF on the fabrics during solvothermal synthesis.

밀-96와 UiO-66-NH2 원자 층 Solvothermal 합성 섬유 매트에 금속 산화물 코팅을 입금

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which contain reactive metal clusters and organic ligands allowing for large porosities and surface areas, have proven ...

Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source

Herein is presented a general strategy to perform reactions under mild to moderate CO2 pressures with dry ice. This technique obviates the need for specialized equipment to achieve modest pressures, and can even be used to achieve higher pressures in more specialized equipment and sturdier reaction vessels. At the end of the reaction, the vials can be easily depressurized by opening at room temperature. In the present example CO2 serves as both a putative directing group as well as a way to passivate amine substrates, thereby preventing oxidation during the organometallic reaction. In addition to being easily added, the directing group is also removed under vacuum, obviating the need for extensive purification to remove the directing group. This strategy allows the facile &#947;-C(sp3)-H arylation of aliphatic amines and has the potential to be applied to a variety of other amine-based reactions.

Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source

Here we present a protocol for performing reactions in simple reaction vessels under low-to-moderate pressures of CO2. The reactions can be performed in a variety of vessels simply by administering the carbon dioxide in the form of dry ice, without the need for costly or elaborate equipment or set-ups.

단단한 CO2 원본으로 드라이 아이스를 사용 하 여 밀봉된 용기에 적당 한 압력을 달성

Herein is presented a general strategy to perform reactions under mild to moderate CO2 pressures with dry ice. This technique obviates the need for ...

CO2 Photoreduction to CH4 Performance Under Concentrating Solar Light

We demonstrate a method for the enhancement of CO2 photoreduction. As the driving force of a photocatalytic reaction is from solar light, the basic idea is to use concentration technology to raise the incident solar light intensity. Concentrating a large-area light onto a small area cannot only increase light intensity, but also reduce the catalyst amount, as well as the reactor volume, and increase the surface temperature. The concentration of light can be realized by different devices. In this manuscript, it is realized by a Fresnel lens. The light penetrates the lens and is concentrated on a disc-shaped catalyst. The results show that both the reaction rate and the total yield are efficiently increased. The method can be applied to most CO2 photoreduction catalysts, as well as to similar reactions with a low reaction rate at natural light.

CO2 Photoreduction to CH4 Performance Under Concentrating Solar Light

We present a protocol for improving the performance of CO2 photoreduction to CH4 by heightening the incident light intensity via concentrating solar energy technology.

태양광 집중 하에서 CH4 성능에 대한 CO2 광감소

We demonstrate a method for the enhancement of CO2 photoreduction. As the driving force of a photocatalytic reaction is from solar light, the basic idea ...

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

A significant number of heterogeneously-catalyzed chemical processes occur under liquid conditions, but simulating catalyst function under such conditions is challenging when it is necessary to include the solvent molecules. The bond breaking and forming processes modeled in these systems necessitate the use of quantum chemical methods. Since molecules in the liquid phase are under constant thermal motion, simulations must also include configurational sampling. This means that multiple configurations of liquid molecules must be simulated for each catalytic species of interest. The goal of the protocol presented here is to generate and sample trajectories of configurations of liquid water molecules around catalytic species on flat transition metal surfaces in a way that balances chemical accuracy with computational expense. Specifically, force field molecular dynamics (FFMD) simulations are used to generate configurations of liquid molecules that can subsequently be used in quantum mechanics-based methods such as density functional theory or ab initio molecular dynamics. To illustrate this, in this manuscript, the protocol is used for catalytic intermediates that could be involved in the pathway for the decomposition of glycerol (C3H8O3). The structures that are generated using FFMD are modeled in DFT in order to estimate the enthalpies of solvation of the catalytic species and to identify how H2O molecules participate in catalytic decompositions.

The goal of the protocol presented here is to generate and sample trajectories of configurations of liquid water molecules around catalytic species on a flat transition metal surface. The sampled configurations can be used as starting structures in quantum mechanics-based methods.

조밀도 기능적인 이론 및 분자 역학 포스 필드를 사용 하 여 이기종 물/금속 촉매 인터페이스의 multiscale 샘플링

A significant number of heterogeneously-catalyzed chemical processes occur under liquid conditions, but simulating catalyst function under such conditions ...

Tuning the Acidity of Pt/ CNTs Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Diphenyl Ether

We herein present a method for the synthesis of HNbWO6, HNbMoO6, HTaWO6 solid acid nanosheet modified Pt/CNTs. By varying the weight of various solid acid nanosheets, a series of Pt/xHMNO6/CNTs with different solid acid compositions (x = 5, 20 wt%; M = Nb, Ta; N = Mo, W) have been prepared by carbon nanotube pretreatment, protonic exchange, solid acid exfoliation, aggregation and finally Pt particles impregnation. The Pt/xHMNO6/CNTs are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and NH3-temperature programmed desorption. The study revealed that HNbWO6 nanosheets were attached on CNTs, with some edges of the nanosheets being bent in shape. The acid strength of the supported Pt catalysts increases in the following order: Pt/CNTs &#60; Pt/5HNbWO6/CNTs &#60; Pt/20HNbMoO6/CNTs &#60; Pt/20HNbWO6/CNTs &#60; Pt/20HTaWO6/CNTs. In addition, the catalytic hydroconversion of lignin-derived model compound: diphenyl ether using the synthesized Pt/20HNbWO6 catalyst has been investigated.

A protocol for the synthesis of HNbWO6, HNbMoO6, HTaWO6 solid acid nanosheet modified Pt/CNTs is presented.

디페닐 에테르의 수산화를 위한 Pt/CNTs 촉매의 산도 튜닝

We herein present a method for the synthesis of HNbWO6, HNbMoO6, HTaWO6 solid acid nanosheet modified Pt/CNTs. By varying the weight of various solid acid ...

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

In situ infrared spectroscopy is an inexpensive, highly sensitive, and selective valuable tool to investigate the interaction of polycrystalline solids with adsorbates. Vibrational spectra provide information on the chemical nature of adsorbed species and their structure. Thus, they are very useful for obtaining molecular level understanding of surface species. The IR spectrum of the sample itself gives some direct information about the material. General conclusions can be drawn concerning hydroxyl groups, some stable surface species and impurities. However, the spectrum of the sample is &#34;blind&#34; with respect to the presence of coordinatively unsaturated ions and gives rather poor information about the acidity of surface hydroxyls, species decisive for the adsorption and catalytic properties of the materials. Furthermore, no discrimination between bulk and surface species can be made. These problems are solved by the use of probe molecules, substances that interact specifically with the surface; the alteration of some spectral features of these molecules as a result of adsorption provides valuable information about the nature, properties, location, concentration, etc., of the surface sites.
The experimental protocol for in-situ IR studies of gas/sample interaction includes preparation of a sample pellet, activation of the material, initial spectral characterization through the analysis of the background spectra, characterization by probe molecules, and study of the interaction with a particular set of gas mixtures. In this paper we investigate a zirconium terephthalate metal organic framework, Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC)6 (BDC = benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate), namely UiO-66 (UiO refers to University of Oslo). The acid sites of the UiO-66 sample are determined by using CO and CD3CN as molecular probes. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that CO2 is adsorbed on basic sites exposed on dehydroxylated UiO-66. Introduction of water to the system produces hydroxyl groups acting as additional CO2 adsorption sites. As a result, CO2 adsorption capacity of the sample is strongly enhanced.

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework

The use of FTIR spectroscopy for investigation of the surface properties of polycrystalline solids is described. Preparation of sample pellets, activation procedures, characterization with probe molecules and model studies of CO2 adsorption are discussed.

In situ infrared spectroscopy is an inexpensive, highly sensitive, and selective valuable tool to investigate the interaction of polycrystalline solids ...

몰리브덴 초경 촉매에 초산의 온도 프로그램 탈산 소화

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에 어로 졸 기반 구조 금속 산화물의 화학 증기 증 착: 산화 아연 막대

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합성 및 전기 화학적 CO₂ 감소를 위한 전이 금속 단일 원자 촉매의 성능 Characterizations

바나듐이 산화물 및 온도 따른 광 모델의 원자 층 증 착

밀-96와 UiO-66-NH₂ 원자 층 Solvothermal 합성 섬유 매트에 금속 산화물 코팅을 입금

단단한 CO₂ 원본으로 드라이 아이스를 사용 하 여 밀봉된 용기에 적당 한 압력을 달성

태양광 집중 하에서 CH₄ 성능에 대한 CO₂ 광감소

조밀도 기능적인 이론 및 분자 역학 포스 필드를 사용 하 여 이기종 물/금속 촉매 인터페이스의 multiscale 샘플링

디페닐 에테르의 수산화를 위한 Pt/CNTs 촉매의 산도 튜닝

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO₂ Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework