Name: high throughput assay to examine egg-laying preferences of individual drosophila melanogaster
Uploaded: 2016-03-24T13:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 3 min 58 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster at JoVE.com

We thank the Duke Physics Shop, especially Phil Lewis, for helping us build the behavioral apparatus and attachments and creating the drawing. This work is funded by the National Institutes of Health under award number R01GM100027.

アッセイする1.準備ハエ<ol><li>培養は25℃、湿度65％に設定したインキュベーターで、標準的な糖蜜/コーンミールメディアに飛びます。バイアルを混雑さないように注意してください。例えば、狭い食品バイアルに8人の女性と6人の男性を置きます。 注：ここで使用される「狭い食物バイアルは「2.3センチ内径を有します。我々は、典型的には、各バイアルに、フライ食品の約10mlを分注しました。我々が使用したフライ食品のレシピはここで説明されている：http://flystocks.bio.indiana.edu/Fly_Work/media-recipes/molassesfood.html。 </li><li> 2 - 図1Eに示すように、3日間の雌の羽化後、新鮮な酵母ペーストでバイアルを準備します。 0.5％プロピオン酸10mlでアクティブな酵母の6グラムを混合することにより、新鮮な酵母ペーストを作ります。食品バイアルの側壁に酵母ペーストを適用するためにへらを使用します。バイアルに25人の男性 - 20と一緒に35 eclosedメス - 30を収集します。 <ol><li>一般的に、女性が収集されているのと同じバイアルから男性を集めます（時間と労力を節約するように）。男性の生殖能力が懸念される場合は、代わりにWTの男性を使用しています。また、酵母ペーストは、したがって、毎日新鮮な準備をし、卵の産生を刺激するために重要です。 </li></ol></li><li>ハエは温度に敏感でない限り、25℃、湿度65％で集め、女性/男性を維持します。 </li><li> 〜4の後 - 5日、雌は産卵実験の準備ができているかどうかを確認するために、バイアルをご確認ください。食品媒体の表面を積極的に食品中に掘り進む幼虫から濡れているとき、彼らは準備ができている（ - F図1E参照）。 注意：食品の表面が濡れて幼虫をクロールなると女性は、通常、産卵はご遠慮いただいております。このステップでは、女性は、それらが所望のテクスチャを有する基板が発生したときに多くの卵を産む準備ができているだろうことを保証する（ 例えば 、〜1％アガロース）。 </li></ol> 2.商工会議所の建設、アセンブリ、アッセイのセットアップ<ol><li> （マシンショップではアクリル産卵室を構築Fiを提供していますグレの1A - D）。異なる部分の設計図を補足図1に示された- 。3高解像度の写真もここで見つけることができます（http://www.rebeccayang.org/pdf/chamber%20design.pdf）。 </li><li> 図1Cに示すように、チャンバのロード（上）片にプラスチックシートを挿入します。負荷が個々の産卵アリーナに飛ぶながらこれは底面として機能します。 </li><li> CO 2パッドの上にメスを麻酔し、各産卵場にそれらを個別にロードします。ハエはCO 2から回復すると、新しい環境に順応になることのために〜30分を許可します。 </li><li>アガロース基板を準備します。 <ol><li>便宜のために、55℃の水浴中で融解し、1％アガロースの既成のボトルを保持します。 </li><li> 50mlコニカルチューブにストックスクロース溶液（2 M）の所望の量を追加し、アガロースの適切な量と混合します。例えば、150mMのスクロース基板、PLAを調製しますチューブにCE 2 Mショ糖溶液の750μLをした後、10ミリリットルマークにアガロースでチューブを埋めます。 </li><li>同じ方法で、プレーン基板を準備する代わりにショ糖溶液に蒸留水を追加します。 注意：このプロトコルにおけるアガロースの最終濃度が1％よりわずかに小さいです。 1.1％と2の基板が同じアガロース濃度であること - 〜0.9の範囲内になるように制御されるように我々の経験では、アガロースの正確な濃度は、限り問題ではありません。 </li></ol></li><li> 図1Dに見られるように、各トラフに基板（下）チャンバーのピースとピペットアガロース基板を1000μLを取ります。 </li><li>アガロース〜30分間固化することができます。 </li><li>アガロース基質とハエの準備が整ったら、産卵室のすべての3つのピースを組み立て、その後、プラスチックシートを取り出します。 </li><li>フライインキュベーターにチャンバーを配置します。 注：産卵実験の長さは、EXPEに応じて変えることができますrimentalニーズ。 （ - 16時間14）私たちは、一般的に実験O / Nを実行します。また、産卵選好上の概日タイミングの有意な影響は認められませんでした。 </li><li>チャンバー内にCO 2を注入することによって、女性を麻酔。チャンバーを分解し、フライ遺体安置所（ すなわち 、いくつかのコーン油で満たされた空のコーヒー缶）に麻酔をかけたハエを破棄します。記録管理のための結果の写真を撮る（ 図2を参照）。 </li><li>手動で卵の数を数え、分析のための選好指数を算出します。優先度を算出する（N - N B）/（N + N b）はN aとN bはそれぞれ、サイトに対サイトBの卵の数を表します。 </li></ol>

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

ここで説明するチャンバーとプロトコルは、以前の産卵アッセイにいくつかの改良を持っています。まず、彼らは大幅に単一の動物の嗜好をアッセイのスループットを向上させます。各チャンバは、30単一の雌をアッセイすることができる、それがセットアップに時間未満かかります。第二に、彼らは以前の方法に比べて産卵選好の一貫性を高めます。アリーナの寸法の標準化は、基板間の?...

Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful genetic model organism to study the neural basis of behaviors. The rapid developments of genetic tools to manipulate neurons in a targeted manner and the emergence of sophisticated behavioral analysis tools have significantly improved our ability to dissect the circuit mechanisms that underlie the sensory-motor transformation processes of several innate and learned behaviors1-3.
Drosophila egg-laying is a suitable model to study the neural basis of simple decision making processes. In particular, Drosophila females have been shown to possess the ability to compare and rank their options before "committing" to depositing an egg onto a given option4-8. For example, when given only a plain (sucrose-free) substrate or only a sucrose-containing substrate, females readily accept either option for egg-laying. However, when presented with both options, females robust reject the sucrose substrate in some contexts7,9,10. Relatively little is known about the neural mechanisms that allow females to "choose the greater of two goods", however. A major obstacle has been the lack of an efficient method to assay egg-laying preferences such that one can use a systematic genetic screening approach to study this problem.
In this report, we describe the protocol we developed that allows egg-laying preferences of females to be assayed at single-animal resolution and with substantially improved throughput and consistency over previous methods. Specifically, we provide the blueprints for constructing the chambers we designed, the protocol for preparing the females so that each is primed to lay many eggs, and the protocol for using the chambers.

<table><tbody><tr><td>UltraPure Agarose&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>16500-500</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sucrose</td><td>Sigma</td><td>S0389</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Water bath&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Fisher</td><td>15-462-6Q</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LifeCam Cinema webcam</td><td>Microsoft</td><td>H5D-00013</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Red LEDs</td><td>Cree</td><td>C503B-RAN-CA0B0AA1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Egg-laying chambers</td><td>Custom Built</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Camera holders</td><td>Custom Built</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>LED holders</td><td>Custom Built</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fly vials (narrow)</td><td>Genesee</td><td>32-116BC</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

high throughput assay to examine egg-laying preferences of individual drosophila melanogaster

最近、 ショウジョウバエの産卵選好は、単純な意思決定プロセスの神経基盤を研究するために、遺伝的に扱いやすいモデルとして登場しました。その卵を堆積するサイトを選択する際、女性のハエは、そのオプションの相対的な魅力をランク付けし、選択することが可能である」以上の2品を。」一つは、彼らが集団ベースとセットアップが面倒であるため、この単純な意思決定プロセスの基礎となる回路の基礎を検索するために体系的な遺伝子スクリーニングアプローチを取りたい場合は、ほとんどの産卵選好アッセイは実用的ではありません。単一の雌の産卵選好の勉強のスループットを向上させるために、我々は、最大30個々のハエの各缶を同時にアッセイ産卵選好だけでなく、それぞれの女性が高い産卵率が保証するプロトコルカスタムチャンバーを開発しました（自分の好みが容易に識別可能な、より説得力があるように）。我々のアプローチは、実行するのは簡単ですそして、非常に一貫性のある結果を生成します。さらに、これらのチャンバは、ビデオは、産卵動物を記録し、光遺伝学研究のための光を提供することを可能にするために、異なるアタッチメントを装備することができます。この記事では、これらのチャンバでアッセイするハエを製造するためのこれらのチャンバと手続きを製造するための青写真を提供します。

基板（下）ピース、分周器（中央）ピースロード（上）作品、および2スライドドア（ - D図1A）：産卵室はいくつかの部分で構成されています。これらの作品は、産卵の実験の前に独立して設定ハエや基板に使用されている。 図1Fは、女性のハエが産卵のために準備ができているときバイアルがどのように見えるかを示しています。ハエがプ?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster at JoVE.com

High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster

個々の産卵環境を調べるために、ハイスループットアッセイ<em&gt;キイロショウジョウバエ</em

This protocol describes a high throughput assay for testing egg-laying preferences of Drosophila melanogaster at single-animal resolution. This assay provides a simple, efficient, and scalable platform to identify genes and circuit components that control a simple decision-making process.

Recently, egg-laying preference of Drosophila has emerged as a genetically tractable model to study the neural basis of simple decision-making processes. ...

high-throughput-assay-to-examine-egg-laying-preferences-individual

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Neuroscience

High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster

7.9K ビュー.  Duke University. This protocol describes a high throughput assay for testing egg-laying preferences of Drosophila melanogaster at single-animal resolution. This assay provides a simple, efficient, and scalable platform to identify genes and circuit components that control a simple decision-making process.

ビデオ: High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster

Methods to Assay Drosophila Behavior

Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, has been used to study molecular mechanisms of a wide range of human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and various neurological diseases1. We have optimized simple and robust behavioral assays for determining larval locomotion, adult climbing ability (RING assay), and courtship behaviors of Drosophila. These behavioral assays are widely applicable for studying the role of genetic and environmental factors on fly behavior. Larval crawling ability can be reliably used for determining early stage changes in the crawling abilities of Drosophila larvae and also for examining effect of drugs or human disease genes (in transgenic flies) on their locomotion. The larval crawling assay becomes more applicable if expression or abolition of a gene causes lethality in pupal or adult stages, as these flies do not survive to adulthood where they otherwise could be assessed. This basic assay can also be used in conjunction with bright light or stress to examine additional behavioral responses in Drosophila larvae. Courtship behavior has been widely used to investigate genetic basis of sexual behavior, and can also be used to examine activity and coordination, as well as learning and memory. Drosophila courtship behavior involves the exchange of various sensory stimuli including visual, auditory, and chemosensory signals between males and females that lead to a complex series of well characterized motor behaviors culminating in successful copulation. Traditional adult climbing assays (negative geotaxis) are tedious, labor intensive, and time consuming, with significant variation between different trials2-4. The rapid iterative negative geotaxis (RING) assay5 has many advantages over more widely employed protocols, providing a reproducible, sensitive, and high throughput approach to quantify adult locomotor and negative geotaxis behaviors. In the RING assay, several genotypes or drug treatments can be tested simultaneously using large number of animals, with the high-throughput approach making it more amenable for screening experiments.

Methods to Assay Drosophila Behavior

Drosophila melanogaster is a genetically and behaviorally tractable model system that has been used to understand the molecular and cellular basis of many important biological processes for over a century 1. Drosophila has been well exploited to gain insights into the genetic basis of fly behavior.

アッセイのメソッドショウジョウバエ行動

Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, has been used to study molecular mechanisms of a wide range of human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular ...

神経科学

Light Preference Assay to Study Innate and Circadian Regulated Photobehavior in Drosophila Larvae

Light acts as environmental signal to control animal behavior at various levels. The Drosophila larval nervous system is used as a unique model to answer basic questions on how light information is processed and shared between rapid and circadian behaviors. Drosophila larvae display a stereotypical avoidance behavior when exposed to light. To investigate light dependent behaviors comparably simple light-dark preference tests can be applied. In vertebrates and arthropods the neural pathways involved in sensing and processing visual inputs partially overlap with those processing photic circadian information. The fascinating question of how the light sensing system and the circadian system interact to keep behavioral outputs coordinated remains largely unexplored. Drosophila is an impacting biological model to approach these questions, due to a small number of neurons in the brain and the availability of genetic tools for neuronal manipulation. The presented light-dark preference assay allows the investigation of a range of visual behaviors including circadian control of phototaxis.

Light Preference Assay to Study Innate and Circadian Regulated Photobehavior in Drosophila Larvae

Here we describe a light-dark preference test for Drosophila larva. This assay provides information about innate and circadian regulation of light sensing and processing photobehavior.

に自然免疫とサーカディアン規制Photobehaviorを勉強する光プアッセイ<em&gt;ショウジョウバエ</em&gt;幼虫

Light acts as environmental signal to control animal behavior at various levels. The Drosophila larval nervous system is used as a unique model to answer ...

A Single-fly Assay for Foraging Behavior in Drosophila

For many animals, hunger promotes changes in the olfactory system in a manner that facilitates the search for appropriate food sources. In this video article, we describe an automated assay to measure the effect of hunger or satiety on olfactory dependent food search behavior in the adult fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In a light-tight box illuminated by red light that is invisible to fruit flies, a camera linked to custom data acquisition software monitors the position of six flies simultaneously. Each fly is confined to walk in individual arenas containing a food odor at the center. The testing arenas rest on a porous floor that functions to prevent odor accumulation. Latency to locate the odor source, a metric that reflects olfactory sensitivity under different physiological states, is determined by software analysis. Here, we discuss the critical mechanics of running this behavioral paradigm and cover specific issues regarding fly loading, odor contamination, assay temperature, data quality, and statistical analysis.

A Single-fly Assay for Foraging Behavior in Drosophila

In this video article, we describe an automated assay to measure the effect of hunger or satiety on olfactory dependent food search behavior in the adult fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.

での採餌行動のためのシングル·フライアッセイ<em&gt;ショウジョウバエ</em

For many animals, hunger promotes changes in the olfactory system in a manner that facilitates the search for appropriate food sources. In this video ...

Assay for Blood-brain Barrier Integrity in Drosophila melanogaster

Proper nervous system development includes the formation of the blood-brain barrier, the diffusion barrier that tightly regulates access to the nervous system and protects neural tissue from toxins and pathogens. Defects in the formation of this barrier have been correlated with neuropathies, and the breakdown of this barrier has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, it is critical to identify the genes that regulate the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier to identify potential therapeutic targets. In order to understand the exact roles these genes play in neural development, it is necessary to assay the effects of altered gene expression on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Many of the molecules that function in the establishment of the blood-brain barrier have been found to be conserved across eukaryotic species, including the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Fruit flies have proven to be an excellent model system for examining the molecular mechanisms regulating nervous system development and function. This protocol describes a step-by-step procedure to assay for blood-brain barrier integrity during the embryonic and larval stages of D. melanogaster development.

Assay for Blood-brain Barrier Integrity in Drosophila melanogaster

Blood-brain barrier integrity is critical for nervous system function. In Drosophila melanogaster, the blood-brain barrier is formed by glial cells during late embryogenesis. This protocol describes methods to assay for blood-brain barrier formation and maintenance in D. melanogaster embryos and third instar larvae.

ショウジョウバエメラノガスターにおける血液脳関門完全性に関するアッセイ

Proper nervous system development includes the formation of the blood-brain barrier, the diffusion barrier that tightly regulates access to the nervous ...

発生生物学

A Behavioral Assay for Mechanosensation of MARCM-based Clones in Drosophila melanogaster

Because of the structural and functional homology to the hair cells of the mammalian inner ear, the neurons that innervate the Drosophila external sense organs provide an excellent model system for the study of mechanosensation. This protocol describes a simple touch behavior in fruit flies which can be used to identify mutations that interfere with mechanosensation. The tactile stimulation of a macrochaete bristle on the thorax of flies elicits a grooming reflex from either the first or third leg. Mutations that interfere with mechanotransduction (such as NOMPC), or with other aspects of the reflex arc, can inhibit the grooming response. A traditional screen of adult behaviors would have missed mutants that have essential roles during development. Instead, this protocol combines the touch screen with mosaic analysis with a repressible cell marker (MARCM) to allow for only limited regions of homozygous mutant cells to be generated and marked by the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP). By testing MARCM clones for abnormal behavioral responses, it is possible to screen a collection of lethal p-element mutations to search for new genes involved in mechanosensation that would have been missed by more traditional methods.

A Behavioral Assay for Mechanosensation of MARCM-based Clones in Drosophila melanogaster

In order to identify novel mutations affecting mechanosensation, we designed an assay that measures the behavioral response to tactile stimulation of fly bristles in mutant clones generated by the MARCM method. The combination of techniques allows for the identification of mechanosensitive mutations that would otherwise be lethal.

でMARCMベースのクローンのMechanosensationための行動アッセイ<em&gt;キイロショウジョウバエ</em

Because of the structural and functional homology to the hair cells of the mammalian inner ear, the neurons that innervate the Drosophila external sense ...

Measuring and Altering Mating Drive in Male Drosophila melanogaster

Despite decades of investigation, the neuronal and molecular bases of motivational states remain mysterious. We have recently developed a novel, reductionist, and scalable system for in-depth investigation of motivation using the mating drive of male Drosophila&#160;melanogaster (Drosophila), the methods for which we detail here. The behavioral paradigm centers on the finding that male mating drive decreases alongside fertility over the course of repeated copulations and recovers over ~3 d. In this system, the powerful neurogenetic tools available in the fly converge with the genetic accessibility and putative wiring diagram available for sexual behavior. This convergence allows rapid isolation and interrogation of small neuronal populations with specific motivational functions. Here we detail the design and execution of the satiety assay that is used to measure and alter courtship motivation in the male fly. Using this assay, we also demonstrate that low male mating drive can be overcome by stimulating dopaminergic neurons. The satiety assay is simple, affordable, and robust to influences of genetic background. We expect the satiety assay to generate many new insights into the neurobiology of motivational states.

Measuring and Altering Mating Drive in Male Drosophila melanogaster

This article describes a behavioral assay that uses male mating drive in Drosophila melanogaster to study motivation. Using this method, researchers can utilize advanced fly neurogenetic techniques to uncover the genetic, molecular, and cellular mechanisms that underlie this motivation.

測定とマレの変更交尾ドライブ<em&gt;キイロショウジョウバエ</em

Despite decades of investigation, the neuronal and molecular bases of motivational states remain mysterious. We have recently developed a novel, ...

A Temperature Gradient Assay to Determine Thermal Preferences of Drosophila Larvae

Many animals, including the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, are capable of discriminating minute differences in&#160;environmental temperature, which enables them to seek out their preferred thermal landscape. To define the temperature preferences of larvae over a defined linear range, we developed an assay using a temperature gradient. To establish a single-directional gradient, two aluminum blocks are connected to independent water baths, each of which controls the temperature of individual blocks. The two blocks set the lower and upper limits of the gradient. The temperature gradient is established by placing an agarose-coated aluminum plate over the two water-controlled blocks so that the plate spans the distance between them. The ends of the aluminum plate that is set on the top of the water blocks defines the minimum and maximum temperatures, and the regions in-between the two blocks form a linear temperature gradient. The gradient assay can be applied to&#160;larvae of different ages and can be used to identify mutants that exhibit phenotypes, such as those with mutations affecting genes encoding TRP channels and opsins, which are required for temperature discrimination.

A Temperature Gradient Assay to Determine Thermal Preferences of Drosophila Larvae

Here, we present a protocol to determine the preferred environmental temperature of Drosophila larvae using a continuous thermal gradient.

ショウジョウバエ幼虫の温度設定を決定する温度勾配試験

Many animals, including the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, are capable of discriminating minute differences in&#160;environmental temperature, which ...

A Rapid Food-Preference Assay in Drosophila

To select food with nutritional value while avoiding the consumption of harmful agents, animals need a sophisticated and robust taste system to evaluate their food environment. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a genetically tractable model organism that is widely used to decipher the molecular, cellular, and neural underpinnings of food preference. To analyze fly food preference, a robust feeding method is needed. Described here is a two-choice feeding assay, which is rigorous, cost-saving, and fast. The assay is Petri-dish-based and involves the addition of two different foods supplemented with blue or red dye to the two halves of the dish. Then, ~70 prestarved, 2-4-day-old flies are placed in the dish and&#160;allowed to choose between blue and red foods in the dark for about 90 min. Examination of the abdomen of each fly is followed by the calculation of the preference index. In contrast to multiwell plates, each Petri dish takes only ~20 s to fill and saves time and effort. This feeding assay can be employed to quickly determine whether flies like or dislike a particular food.

A Rapid Food-Preference Assay in Drosophila

We present a protocol for a two-choice feeding assay for flies. This feeding assay is fast and easy to run and is suitable not only for small-scale laboratory research, but also for high-throughput behavioral screens in flies.

ショウジョウバエにおける急速な食品嗜好アッセイ

To select food with nutritional value while avoiding the consumption of harmful agents, animals need a sophisticated and robust taste system to evaluate ...

Egg Laying Assay: A Method to Quantify the Egg-Laying Behavior of C. elegans

Source: Lee, S. Y. and Kang, K. <a href="https://jove.unicartagenaproxy.elogim.com/video/60419/measuring-effects-bacteria-chemicals-on-intestinal-permeability">Measuring the Effect of Chemicals on the Growth and Reproduction of&#160;Caenorhabditis elegans</a>.&#160;J. Vis. Exp. (2017).
C. elegans egg-laying behavior can provide important information in developmental, reproductive, and anatomical studies.&#160; This video introduces the important steps of an egg laying assay and shows a sample experiment in which a drug is tested for reproductive toxicity.

産卵アッセイ:C.エレガンスの産卵行動を定量化する方法

Source: Lee, S. Y. and Kang, K. Measuring the Effect of Chemicals on the Growth and Reproduction of&#160;Caenorhabditis elegans.&#160;J. Vis. Exp. 
...

JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments

生物学

Caenorhabditis elegans（線虫）

基本的方法

Island Assay: A High-Throughput Method to Evaluate Drosophila Locomotor Behavior

Source: Eidhof, I., et al. <a href="https://jove.unicartagenaproxy.elogim.com/video/55892/" target="_blank">High-throughput Analysis of Locomotor Behavior in the Drosophila Island Assay</a>. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).
This video describes the island assay, a behavioral method used to study Drosophila locomotion. The sample protocol features a setup for the assay compatible with semi-automated image analysis.

Island Assay:ショウジョウバエの自発運動行動を評価するためのハイスループット法

Source: Eidhof, I., et al. High-throughput Analysis of Locomotor Behavior in the Drosophila Island Assay. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).
This video describes the ...

個々の産卵環境を調べるために、ハイスループットアッセイ

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アッセイのメソッドショウジョウバエ行動

に自然免疫とサーカディアン規制Photobehaviorを勉強する光プアッセイ

での採餌行動のためのシングル·フライアッセイ

ショウジョウバエメラノガスターにおける血液脳関門完全性に関するアッセイ

でMARCMベースのクローンのMechanosensationための行動アッセイ

測定とマレの変更交尾ドライブ

ショウジョウバエ幼虫の温度設定を決定する温度勾配試験

ショウジョウバエにおける急速な食品嗜好アッセイ

産卵アッセイ:C.エレガンスの産卵行動を定量化する方法

Island Assay:ショウジョウバエの自発運動行動を評価するためのハイスループット法