この作品はJun SunにNIDDK KO1 DK075386助成金と米国癌学会RSG - 09 - 075 - 01 - MBCによってサポートされていました。

細菌培養、マウスの強制経口投与、およびサルモネラの検出：このプロトコルは、次の3つの部分を含む。 1 サルモネラの成長条件。 <ol><li> 37℃で一晩インキュベートサルモネラ LB培地（LB）プレートを、準備します。 </li><li> LBプレートからクローンを選択し、12 mlチューブに7 mlのLBに入れ、そして37℃で約5時間振とうする。 </li><li>約18時間振盪せずに37℃で定常期の文化とインキュベート0.05 mlを50 mlのLBに接種する。 </li><li>比100:3（：HBSS LB）を使用して、HBSS中の細菌を一時停止、10分間6000rpmで室温で一晩細菌培養を回転させる。次に例を示します。 すべての50 mlのLB培養液を1.5mlのHBSSに懸濁される。 </li><li>動物の強制経口投与の場合は、さらに1:10の比で細菌培養を希釈する。次に例を示します。 毎1.5 mlのLB培養液を15mlのHBSSに懸濁される。 </li></ol> （2） サルモネラ感染症のモデル* <ol><li>ストレプトマイシン溶液を調製。各マウスは、100μlのHBSSでストレプトマイシンの7.5 mgを与えられます。例えば、10匹のマウスに対して1.2ミリリットルHBSSでストレプトマイシンの合計90mgのを準備。ストレプトマイシン溶液を調製する際は、必ずいくつかの余分なボリュームを持っている。 </li><li> 4時間強制経口投与、治療前に水と食料を撤回。 </li><li>ストレプトマイシン（対照マウスのためのHBSS100μlの）の7.5 mgのストレプトマイシンによる強制飼養マウス。ストレート食道を作るために人差し指で頭と首を伸ばし、しっかりと親指と中指でマウスの肩の皮膚をつかむ。口の屋根に沿ってと咽頭の背面の右側に向かって供給針のボールチップに指示、その後ゆっくりと食道に伝承し、100μlのソリューションを注入する。いいえ抵抗を感じてはいけません。 </li><li>ストレプトマイシンの治療、撤回水と食料20時間後でマウスが細菌に感染して再び前に。 </li><li> HBSS中の100μlの懸濁液と各マウスに強制経口投与または強制経口投与による滅菌HBSS（対照）で処理した。強制経口投与手順はストレプトマイシンと同じ）2.3などの強制経口投与したマウスです。 </li></ol> *動物実験は、以前は1で説明した6〜7週齢の特定病原体フリーの雌C57BL / 6マウス（タコニック、ハドソン、NY）を用いて行った。プロトコルは、動物資源上ロチェスター大学委員会の大学（UCAR）により承認された。 3。腸内のサルモネラの検出。 <ol><li> （約100mg）マウスは糞便収集する。 </li><li> 1ミリリットルPBSと激しくボルテックスの1.5マイクロ遠心チューブに糞便サンプルを転送します。 </li><li> 800回転で10分間遠心します。きれいな微量遠心チューブに上清を移す。 </li><li> 5分を6000rpmで遠心分離。上清を捨て、200μLのPBSでペレットに添加し、ボルテックスしています。 </li><li> サルモネラを検出するためにBBL CHROMagarプレート上に使い捨てセルスプレッダーとストリーク200μlのPBS。 サルモネラ種は、（紫にバラ、図1を参照）ふじ色が表示されます。プレート上に200μlの収量が多すぎるコロニー場合、100μlまたはストリークのための50μlを使用してください。 </li></ol> 4。代表的な結果。 プロトコルが正しく行われているときは、 ネズミチフス菌の保菌は、6ヶ月の上にマウスの腸内で検出することができます。 サルモネラは 6ヶ月（図1）を介して糞便培養によって検出される可能性がある。このモデルから来る典型的な外として、ボディは消失し、死は4週間、感染後内で発生する重量を量る。感染症に使用されるサルモネラの菌株に依存し、いくつかのマウスは6ヶ月にわたって生き残ることができる。 <img src="/files/ftp_upload/1947/1947fig1.jpg" alt="図1" /> 図1 サルモネラ種の腸内菌が原因選択した色原体の存在下で代謝の違いに、カラーで（紫にバラ）ふじ色が表示されます。他の細菌は、どちら抑制または青緑色や無色のコロニーを生成している。 <img src="/files/ftp_upload/1947/1947fig2.jpg" alt="図2" /> 図2。 サルモネラ変異株PHOP C、PHOP Cに感染したマウスの生存割合アブラ-、およびPHOP C AvrA-/AvrA +、4週間（28日）のためのPHOP Cアブラ。 4週間のためのサルモネラに感染したマウスの表1。体重。 <table border="1"><tbody><tr><td></td><td> 0 </td><td> 1週間</td><td> 2週間</td><td> 3週間</td><td> 4週</td></tr><tr><td>の制御</td><td> 16.78 ± 1.05 </td><td> 16.91 ± 1.28 </td><td> 18.26 ± 1.23 </td><td> 19.31 ± 1.26 </td><td> 20.26 ± 1.15 </td></tr><tr><td> PHOP C </TD&gt; <td> 16.89 ± 1.03 </td><td> 17.14 ± 1.19 </td><td> 17.43 ± 1.63 * </td><td> 18.68 ± 1.78 </td><td> 20.05 ± 1.11 </td></tr><tr><td> PHOP Cアブラ- </td><td> 16.91 ± 1.12 </td><td> 16.96 ± 1.39 </td><td> 17.06 ± 2.14 ** </td><td> 18.71 ± 2.18 </td><td> 20.15 ± 1.56 </td></tr><tr><td> PHOP C AvrA-/AvrA + </td><td> 16.94 ± 0.96 </td><td> 17.17 ± 1.02 </td><td> 17.63 ± 1.42 * </td><td> 18.44 ± 2.03 </td><td> 20.09 ± 1.17 </td></tr></tbody></table> *グループP &lt;0.05を制御するための比較 **グループP &lt;0.01を制御するための比較本研究で使用した表2。 サルモネラ菌株。 <table border="1"><tbody><tr><td>の名前</td><td>説明</td><td>参照またはソース</td></tr><tr><td> サルモネラ 14028s </td><td>野生型S.ネズミチフス菌 </td><td> ATCC </td></tr><tr><td> PHOP C </td><td>変異体の非病原性の複雑なレギュレータ</td><td> Millerら、1990 </td></tr><tr><td> PHOP Cアブラ- </td><td>アブラ-突然変異</td><td>コリアー-ハイアムズら、2002 </td></tr><tr><td> PHOP C AvrA-/AvrA + </td><td> PHOP C補完をコードするプラスミドのアブラアブラ付き</td><td>コリアー-ハイアムズら、2002 </td></tr></tbody></table>

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利害の衝突は宣言されません。

このシステムを使用するには、それは、動物を強制経口投与する方法については、研究者のために必要です。我々は詳細細菌培養を準備し、マウスを強制経口投与するための方法論を。我々はまた、胃腸（GI）管におけるサルモネラの持続性を監視する方法を示します。を含めて、このプロトコルの重要なステップ： <ol><li>ストレプトマイシン前処理：ストレプトマイシン、前処理?...

<table><tbody><tr><td>HBSS</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>ABCD1234</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Luria-Bertani broth</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>244610</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Feeding needle</td><td>Popper &amp;amp; Sons, Inc.</td><td>7920</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Streptomycin </td><td>MP Biomedicals</td><td>100556</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BBL CHROMagar &lt;em&gt;Salmonella&lt;/em&gt;</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>214983</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Disposable cell spreaders</td><td>Biologix Research Company</td><td>65-1010</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

chronic salmonella infected mouse model

細菌感染マウスモデルでは、感染症、炎症、免疫学、シグナル伝達、および腫瘍形成などの分野を研究するための強力なモデルシステムです。多くの研究者によって誘発される大腸炎の利用しています<em&gt;サルモネラ</em炎症と感染の初期段階における研究のための&gt;ネズミチフス。しかし、唯一の報告はほとんどの慢性感染症になります<em&gt; in vivoで</em&gt;。とマウス<em&gt;サルモネラ</em消化管の&gt;永続的な存在は、私たちは長期的なホスト - 細菌相互作用、シグナル伝達、および腫瘍形成を探索することができます。我々は、ある慢性細菌感染マウスモデルを確立している<em&gt;サルモネラ</em6ヶ月以上のマウスの腸内&gt;ネズミチフス菌のコロニー形成。このシステムを使用するには、それは細菌培養を準備し、動物を強制経口投与する方法については、研究者のために必要です。我々は詳細の準備細菌培養と強制経口投与したマウスのための方法論を。我々はまた、検出する方法を示しています。<em&gt;サルモネラ</em消化管に&gt;持続性。全体的に、このプロトコルは、根本的に重要な生物学的および微生物学的問題に対処するために細菌感染マウスモデルを用いて研究者を支援します。

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Chronic Salmonella Infected Mouse Model at JoVE.com

Chronic Salmonella Infected Mouse Model

持続的で慢性細菌感染マウスモデルを確立する<em&gt;サルモネラ</em27週のための腸内で&gt;ネズミチフス菌のコロニー形成。

慢性サルモネラ感染マウスモデル

The bacterial infected mouse model is a powerful model system for studying areas such as infection, inflammation, immunology, signal transduction, and ...

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

Chronic Salmonella Infected Mouse Model

17.2K ビュー.  University of Rochester. 持続的で慢性細菌感染マウスモデルを確立するサルモネラネズミチフス菌のコロニー形成。

ビデオ: Chronic Salmonella Infected Mouse Model

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

This protocol outlines the steps required to produce a robust model of infectious disease and colitis, as well as the methods used to characterize Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice. C. rodentium is a gram negative, murine specific bacterial pathogen that is closely related to the clinically important human pathogens enteropathogenic E. coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Upon infection with C. rodentium, immunocompetent mice suffer from modest and transient weight loss and diarrhea. Histologically, intestinal crypt elongation, immune cell infiltration, and goblet cell depletion are observed. Clearance of infection is achieved after 3 to 4 weeks. Measurement of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, bacterial load, and histological damage at different time points after infection, allow the characterization of mouse strains susceptible to infection.
The virulence mechanisms by which bacterial pathogens colonize the intestinal tract of their hosts, as well as specific host responses that defend against such infections are poorly understood. Therefore the C. rodentium model of enteric bacterial infection serves as a valuable tool to aid in our understanding of these processes. Enteric bacteria have also been linked to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). It has been hypothesized that the maladaptive chronic inflammatory responses seen in IBD patients develop in genetically susceptible individuals following abnormal exposure of the intestinal mucosal immune system to enteric bacteria. Therefore, the study of models of infectious colitis offers significant potential for defining potentially pathogenic host responses to enteric bacteria. C. rodentium induced colitis is one such rare model that allows for the analysis of host responses to enteric bacteria, furthering our understanding of potential mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis; essential in the development of novel preventative and therapeutic treatments.

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

Citrobacter rodentium infection provides a valuable model to study enteric bacterial infections as well as host immune responses and colitis in mice. This protocol outlines the measurement of barrier integrity, pathogen load and histological damage allowing for the thorough characterization of pathogen and host contributions to murine infectious colitis.

ザ<em&gt;シトロrodentium</em&gt;マウスモデル：感染性大腸炎に勉強病原体とホスト貢献

This protocol  outlines the steps required to produce a robust model of infectious disease and  colitis, as well as the methods used to characterize ...

免疫・感染学

Oral Transmission of Listeria monocytogenes in Mice via Ingestion of Contaminated Food

L. monocytogenes are facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause food borne infections in humans. Very little is known about the gastrointestinal phase of listeriosis due to the lack of a small animal model that closely mimics human disease. This paper describes a novel mouse model for oral transmission of L. monocytogenes. Using this model, mice fed L. monocytogenes-contaminated bread have a discrete phase of gastrointestinal infection, followed by varying degrees of systemic spread in susceptible (BALB/c/By/J) or resistant (C57BL/6) mouse strains. During the later stages of the infection, dissemination to the gall bladder and brain is observed. The food borne model of listeriosis is highly reproducible, does not require specialized skills, and can be used with a wide variety of bacterial isolates and laboratory mouse strains. As such, it is the ideal model to study both virulence strategies used by L. monocytogenes to promote intestinal colonization, as well as the host response to invasive food borne bacterial infection.

Oral Transmission of Listeria monocytogenes in Mice via Ingestion of Contaminated Food

This paper describes a novel method for oral infection of mice using Listeria monocytogenes-contaminated food. The protocol can readily be adapted for use with other food borne bacterial pathogens.

の口頭伝達<em&gt;リステリア菌</em&gt;汚染された食品の摂取を介したマウスにおける

L. monocytogenes are facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause food borne infections in humans. Very little is known about the ...

A Double Humanized BLT-mice Model Featuring a Stable Human-Like Gut Microbiome and Human Immune System

Humanized mice (hu-mice) that feature a functional human immune system have fundamentally changed the study of human pathogens and disease. They can be used to model diseases that are otherwise difficult or impossible to study in humans or other animal models. The gut microbiome can have a profound impact on human health and disease. However, the murine gut microbiome is very different than the one found in humans. &#160;There is a need for improved pre-clinical hu-mice models that have an engrafted human gut microbiome. Therefore, we created double hu-mice that feature both a human immune system and stable human-like gut microbiome. NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice are one of the best animals for humanization due to their high level of immunodeficiency. However, germ-free NSG mice, and various other important germ-free mice models are not currently commercially available. Further, many research settings do not have access to gnotobiotic facilities, and working under gnotobiotic conditions can often be expensive and time consuming. Importantly, germ-free mice have several immune deficiencies that exist even after the engraftment of microbes. Therefore, we developed a protocol that does not require germ-free animals or gnotobiotic facilities. To generate double hu-mice, NSG mice were treated with radiation prior to surgery to create bone-marrow, liver, thymus-humanized (hu-BLT) mice. The mice were then treated with broad spectrum antibiotics to deplete the pre-existing murine gut microbiome. After antibiotic treatment, the mice were given fecal transplants with healthy human donor samples via oral gavage. Double hu-BLT mice had unique 16S rRNA gene profiles based on the individual human donor sample that was transplanted. Importantly, the transplanted human-like microbiome was stable in the double hu-BLT mice for the duration of the study up to 14.5 weeks post-transplant.

We describe a novel method for generating double humanized BLT-mice that feature a functional human immune system and a stable engrafted human-like gut microbiome. This protocol can be followed without the need for germ-free mice or gnotobiotic facilities.

安定したヒト様腸内微生物叢とヒト免疫系を特徴とする二重ヒト化BLTマウスモデル

Humanized mice (hu-mice) that feature a functional human immune system have fundamentally changed the study of human pathogens and disease. They can be ...

生化学

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

A mouse model of chronic airway infection is a key asset in cystic fibrosis (CF) research, although there are a number of concerns regarding the model itself. Early phases of inflammation and infection have been widely studied by using the Pseudomonas aeruginosa agar-beads mouse model, while only few reports have focused on the long-term chronic infection in vivo. The main challenge for long term chronic infection remains the low bacterial burden by P. aeruginosa and the low percentage of infected mice weeks after challenge, indicating that bacterial cells are progressively cleared by the host.
This paper presents a method for obtaining efficient long-term chronic infection in mice. This method is based on the embedding of the P. aeruginosa clinical strains in the agar-beads in vitro, followed by intratracheal instillation in C57Bl/6NCrl mice. Bilateral lung infection is associated with several measurable read-outs including weight loss, mortality, chronic infection, and inflammatory response. The P. aeruginosa RP73 clinical strain was preferred over the PAO1 reference laboratory strain since it resulted in a comparatively lower mortality, more severe lesions, and higher chronic infection. P. aeruginosa colonization may persist in the lung for over three months. Murine lung pathology resembles that of CF patients with advanced chronic pulmonary disease.
This murine model most closely mimics the course of the human disease and can be used both for studies on the pathogenesis and for the evaluation of novel therapies.

Long Term Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Airway Infection in Mice

We describe the agar-beads method to establish persistent long-term chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection in the mouse model.

長期的な慢性<em&gt;緑膿菌</emマウスにおける&gt;気道感染

A mouse model of chronic airway infection is a key asset in cystic fibrosis (CF) research, although there are a number of concerns regarding the model ...

A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites

Chronic inflammation is a major driver of pathological tissue damage and a unifying characteristic of many chronic diseases in humans including neoplastic, autoimmune, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Emerging evidence implicates pathogen-induced chronic inflammation in the development and progression of chronic diseases with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic disease, designing experiments for proof of causality and the establishment of mechanistic links is nearly impossible in humans. An advantage of using animal models is that both genetic and environmental factors that may influence the course of a particular disease can be controlled. Thus, designing relevant animal models of infection represents a key step in identifying host and pathogen specific mechanisms that contribute to chronic inflammation.
Here we describe a mouse model of pathogen-induced chronic inflammation at local and systemic sites following infection with the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium closely associated with human periodontal disease. Oral infection of specific-pathogen free mice induces a local inflammatory response resulting in destruction of tooth supporting alveolar bone, a hallmark of periodontal disease. In an established mouse model of atherosclerosis, infection with P. gingivalis accelerates inflammatory plaque deposition within the aortic sinus and innominate artery, accompanied by activation of the vascular endothelium, an increased immune cell infiltrate, and elevated expression of inflammatory mediators within lesions. We detail methodologies for the assessment of inflammation at local and systemic sites. The use of transgenic mice and defined bacterial mutants makes this model particularly suitable for identifying both host and microbial factors involved in the initiation, progression, and outcome of disease. Additionally, the model can be used to screen for novel therapeutic strategies, including vaccination and pharmacological intervention.

Animal models have proven to be invaluable tools in defining host and pathogen specific mechanisms that contribute to the development of chronic inflammation. Here we describe a mouse model of oral infection with the human pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis and detail methodologies to assess the progression of inflammation at local and systemic sites.

局所および全身所における病原体により誘導される慢性炎症のためのマウスモデル

Chronic inflammation is a major driver of pathological tissue damage and a unifying characteristic of many chronic diseases in humans including ...

A Controlled Mouse Model for Neonatal Polymicrobial Sepsis

Neonatal sepsis remains a global burden. A preclinical model to screen effective prophylactic or therapeutic interventions is needed. Neonatal mouse polymicrobial sepsis can be induced by injecting cecal slurry intraperitoneally into day of life 7 mice and monitoring them for the following week. Presented here are the detailed steps necessary for the implementation of this neonatal sepsis model. This includes making a homogeneous cecal slurry stock, diluting it to a weight- and litter-adjusted dose, an outline of the monitoring schedule, and a definition of observed health categories used to define humane endpoints. The generation of a homogeneous cecal slurry stock from pooled donors allows for the administration into many litters over time, reducing the variation between donors, and preventing the use of potentially toxic glycerol. The monitoring strategy used allows for the anticipation of survival outcome and the identification of mice that would later progress to death, allowing for an earlier identification of the humane endpoint. Two main behavioral features are used to define the health scores, namely, the ability of the neonatal mice to right themselves when placed on their back and their level of mobility. These criteria could potentially be applied to address humane endpoints in other studies of neonatal disease in mice, as long as a pilot study is performed to confirm accuracy. In conclusion, this approach provides a standardized method to model newborn sepsis in mice, while providing resources to assess animal welfare used to define early humane endpoints for challenged animals.

This protocol provides the necessary steps to establish and evaluate neonatal sepsis in 7-day-old mice.

新生児モデル敗血症マウスの制御モデル

Neonatal sepsis remains a global burden. A preclinical model to screen effective prophylactic or therapeutic interventions is needed. Neonatal mouse ...

A Mouse Model to Assess Innate Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Infection

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)&#160;infections, including methicillin resistant stains, are an enormous burden on the healthcare system. With incidence rates of S. aureus infection climbing annually, there is a demand for additional research in its&#160;pathogenicity. Animal models of infectious disease advance our understanding of the host-pathogen response and lead to the development of effective therapeutics. Neutrophils play a primary role in the innate immune response that controls S. aureus infections by forming an abscess to wall off the infection and facilitate bacterial clearance; the number of neutrophils that infiltrate an S. aureus skin infection often correlates with disease outcome. LysM-EGFP mice, which possess the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) inserted in the Lysozyme M (LysM) promoter region (expressed primarily by neutrophils), when used in conjunction with in vivo whole animal fluorescence imaging (FLI) provide&#160;a means of quantifying neutrophil emigration noninvasively and longitudinally into wounded skin. When combined with a bioluminescent S. aureus strain and sequential in vivo whole animal bioluminescent imaging (BLI), it is possible to longitudinally monitor both the neutrophil recruitment dynamics and in vivo bacterial burden at the site of infection in anesthetized mice from onset of infection to resolution or death. Mice are more resistant to a number of virulence factors produced by S. aureus that facilitate effective colonization and infection in humans. Immunodeficient mice provide a more sensitive animal model to examine persistent S. aureus infections and the ability of therapeutics to boost innate immune responses. Herein, we characterize responses in LysM-EGFP mice that have been bred to MyD88-deficient mice (LysM-EGFP&#215;MyD88-/- mice) along with wild-type LysM-EGFP mice to investigate S. aureus skin wound infection. Multispectral simultaneous detection enabled study of neutrophil recruitment dynamics by using in vivo FLI, bacterial burden by using in vivo BLI, and wound healing longitudinally and noninvasively over time.

A Mouse Model to Assess Innate Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Infection

An approach is described for real-time detection of the innate immune response to cutaneous wounding and Staphylococcus aureus infection of mice. By comparing LysM-EGFP mice (which possess fluorescent neutrophils) with a LysM-EGFP crossbred immunodeficient mouse strain, we advance our understanding of infection and the development of approaches to combat infection.

マウスのモデルを評価する生得の免疫反応黄色ブドウ球菌感染症

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)&#160;infections, including methicillin resistant stains, are an enormous burden on the healthcare system. With incidence ...

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis

Tissue fibrosis characterized by the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix such as collagen is the outcome of persistent inflammation and dysregulated repair. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), fibrosis leads to recurrent stricture formations for which there is no effective therapy other than surgical resection. Due to its late onset, the processes that drive fibrosis is less studied and largely unknown. Therefore, fibrotic complications represent a major challenge in IBD. In this protocol, a robust in vivo model of intestinal fibrosis is described where streptomycin pre-treatment of C57Bl/6 mice followed by oral gavage with vaccine grade Salmonella Typhimurium &#916;AroA mutant leads to persistent pathogen colonization and fibrosis of the cecum. Methodologies for preparing S. Typhimurium &#916;AroA for inoculation, quantifying pathogen loads in the cecum and spleen, and evaluating collagen deposition in intestinal tissues are explained. This experimental disease model is useful for examining host factors that either enhance or exacerbate CD-like intestinal fibrosis.

This protocol describes a mouse model of Salmonella driven intestinal fibrosis that resembles key pathological hallmarks of Crohn&#8217;s disease including transmural inflammation and fibrosis. This method can be used to evaluate host factors that alter fibrotic outcomes using mutant mice maintained on a C57Bl/6 genetic background.

慢性サルモネラ感染誘発性腸線維症

Tissue fibrosis characterized by the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix such as collagen is the outcome of persistent inflammation and ...

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a diverting enterostomy. The etiology of this disease remains ill-defined but appears to differ from that of classical inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Research aimed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the development of this disease has been severely hampered by the lack of an appropriate murine model. This protocol generates a murine model of DC that facilitates the study of the immune system's role and its interaction with the microbiome in the development of DC. In this model using C57BL/6 animals, distal parts of the colon are excluded from the fecal stream by creating a distal colostomy, triggering the development of mild to moderate inflammation in the excluded bowel segments and reproducing the hallmark lesions of human DC with a moderate systemic inflammatory response. In contrast to the rat model, a large number of genetically-modified murine models on the C57BL/6 background are available. The combination of these animals with our model allows the potential roles of individual cytokines, chemokines, or receptors of bioactive molecules (e.g., interleukin (IL)-17; IL-10, chemokine CXCL13, chemokine receptors CXCR5 and CCR7, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4) to be assessed in the pathogenesis of DC. The availability of congenic mouse strains on the C57BL/6 background largely facilitates transfer experiments to establish the roles of distinct cell types involved in the etiology of DC. Finally, the model offers the opportunity to assess the influences of local interventions (e.g., modification of the local microbiome or local anti-inflammatory therapy) on mucosal immunity in affected and non-affected bowel segments and the on systemic immune homeostasis.

Murine distal colostomy provides a murine model for human diversion colitis, a predominantly lymphocytic colitis in colon segment excluded from the fecal stream.

マウスの遠位人工肛門、転用 c57bl/6 マウス大腸炎の新たなモデル

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a ...

医学

Characterizing Salmonella Typhimurium-induced Septic Peritonitis in Mice

Sepsis is a dysregulated host immune response to microbial invasion or tissue damage, leading to organ injury at a site distant from that of the infection or damage. Currently, the widely used mice models of sepsis include lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and monobacterial infection model systems. This protocol describes a method to study the host responses during Salmonella Typhimurium infection-induced septic peritonitis in mice. S. Typhimurium, a Gram-negative intracellular pathogen, causes typhoid-like disease in mice.
This protocol elaborates the culture preparation, induction of septic peritonitis in mice through intraperitoneal injection, and methods to study systemic host responses. Furthermore, the assessment of bacterial burden in different organs and the flow cytometric analysis of increased neutrophil numbers in the peritoneal lavage is presented. Salmonella Typhimurium-induced sepsis in mice leads to an increase in proinflammatory cytokines and rapid infiltration of neutrophils in the peritoneal cavity, leading to lower survival.
Every step in this protocol has been optimized, resulting in high reproducibility of the pathogenesis of septic peritonitis. This model is useful for studying immunological responses during bacterial sepsis, the roles of different genes in disease progression, and the effects of drugs to attenuate sepsis.

Characterizing Salmonella Typhimurium-induced Septic Peritonitis in Mice

This protocol describes the induction of Gram-negative monobacterial sepsis in a mouse model system. The model is useful in investigating the inflammatory and lethal host responses during sepsis.

マウスにおける サルモネラ ・チフス菌誘発性敗血症性腹膜炎の特性評価

Sepsis is a dysregulated host immune response to microbial invasion or tissue damage, leading to organ injury at a site distant from that of the infection ...

慢性サルモネラ感染マウスモデル

要約

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この動画の章

ザ

の口頭伝達

安定したヒト様腸内微生物叢とヒト免疫系を特徴とする二重ヒト化BLTマウスモデル

長期的な慢性

局所および全身所における病原体により誘導される慢性炎症のためのマウスモデル

新生児モデル敗血症マウスの制御モデル

マウスのモデルを評価する生得の免疫反応黄色ブドウ球菌感染症

慢性サルモネラ感染誘発性腸線維症

マウスの遠位人工肛門、転用 c57bl/6 マウス大腸炎の新たなモデル

マウスにおけるサルモネラ・チフス菌誘発性敗血症性腹膜炎の特性評価

慢性サルモネラ感染マウスモデル

要約

さらに動画を探す

この動画の章

ザ

の口頭伝達

安定したヒト様腸内微生物叢とヒト免疫系を特徴とする二重ヒト化BLTマウスモデル

長期的な慢性

局所および全身所における病原体により誘導される慢性炎症のためのマウスモデル

新生児モデル敗血症マウスの制御モデル

マウスのモデルを評価する生得の免疫反応黄色ブドウ球菌感染症

慢性サルモネラ感染誘発性腸線維症

マウスの遠位人工肛門、転用 c57bl/6 マウス大腸炎の新たなモデル

マウスにおける サルモネラ ・チフス菌誘発性敗血症性腹膜炎の特性評価

マウスにおけるサルモネラ・チフス菌誘発性敗血症性腹膜炎の特性評価