עבודה זו נתמכה על ידי אוניברסיטת מערב אונטריו, החוג למיילדות וגינקולוגיה, ומענק ER06-02-188 מהמחקר Ministryof וחדשנות, פרס חוקר הקדומה. אכפת נתמך על ידי תוכנית אימון CIHR ב שכפול, בהתפתחות המוקדמת ואת ההשפעה על מלגה (REDIH) בוגר הבריאות.

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E. l. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Limiting+dilution+bisulfite+(pyro)sequencing+reveals+parent-specific+methylation+patterns+in+single+early+mouse+embryos+and+bovine+oocytes.">Limiting dilution bisulfite (pyro)sequencing reveals parent-specific methylation patterns in single early mouse embryos and bovine oocytes.</a> Epigenetics. 6, 1176-1188 (2011).</li></ol>

החוקרים אין לי מה לחשוף.

זה assay ביצית אחת מכיל שלבים רבים עם מספר כי הם קריטיים ודורשים טיפול מיוחד. הראשונה היא שטיפת הביצית. זה חשוב במיוחד כדי לשטוף כל הביצית מספר פעמים בינוני טרי טיפות לאחר הטיפול hyaluronidase כדי להסיר תאים קומולוס רבים ככל האפשר. יתר על כן, בעת העברת ביציות לפתרון חומצי של tyrod...

טבלה של חומרים כימיים מסוימים וציוד. <table border="1" style=";text-align:right;direction:rtl"><tbody><tr><td> שם מגיב </td><td> חברה </td><td> מספר קטלוגי </td><td> תגובות </td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> הביצית אוסף </td></tr><tr><td> Hyaluronidase </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> H4272 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> חומצי Tyrode </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> T1788 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Proteinase K </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> P5568 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 10% IGEPAL </td><td> Bioshop </td><td> NON999.500 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> תמוגה פתרון </td></tr><tr><td> טריס pH 7.5 </td><td> Bioshop </td><td> TRS001.5 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> LiCl </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> L9650 </td><td> &amp; Nbsp; </td></tr><tr><td> EDTA-pH 8.0 </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> E5134 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> מכסים </td><td> Bioshop </td><td> LDS701.10 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> DTT </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> P2325 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> SDS מאגר תמוגה </td></tr><tr><td> TE-pH 7.5 </td><td> Bioshop (טריס) סיגמא (EDTA) </td><td> TRS001.5 E5134 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 10% SDS </td><td> Bioshop </td><td> SDS001.500 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> Bisulfite המרה </td></tr><tr><td> סודיום הידרוקסיד </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> S8045 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Hydrogensulfite נתרן (סודיום bisulfite) </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> 243973 </td><td>; </td></tr><tr><td> הידרוקינון </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> H9003 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> טמפ &#39;התכה נמוכה (LMP) agarose </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> A9414 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> שמן מינרלי </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> M8410 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> M2 בינוני </td><td> סיגמא </td><td> M7167 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> GIBCO מים מזוקקים </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 15230-196 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Autoclaved כפול מזוקקים (DD) מים </td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> PCR </td></tr><tr><td> Illustra מיקס חם התחל RTG </td><td> GE Healthcare </td><td> 28-9006-54 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 240 ng / ml tRNA שמרים </td><td> Invitrogen </td><td> 15401-011 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 5x מאגר גרין GoTaq תגובה </td><td> מקצועןמגה </td><td> M7911 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> Primers מקוננות הפנימיים והחיצוניים </td><td> סיגמא </td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> קשירת </td></tr><tr><td> Promega pGEM-T קל וקטור </td><td> פישר סיינטיפיק </td><td> A1360 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> ת&quot;א שיבוט </td></tr><tr><td> המוסמכות E.coli תאים </td><td> Zymo מחקר קורפ </td><td> T3009 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4"> ציוד </td></tr><tr><td> לנתח מיקרוסקופ </td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 70 מעלות צלזיוס ו 90 מעלות צלזיוס חום בלוקים </td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 37 ° C, 50 ° C Waterbaths (42 ° C עבור טרנספורמציות) </td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>כסא נדנדה </td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> מכונת ה-PCR </td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

single oocyte bisulfite mutagenesis

אפיגנטיקה מקיפה את כל תורשתי ושינויים הפיך כדי הכרומטין כי הנגישות אלתר הגן, וכך הם המנגנונים העיקריים בוויסות שעתוק הגנים 1. מתילציה DNA הוא שינוי epigenetic שפועל בעיקר כסימן הדיכוי. באמצעות תוספת קוולנטי של קבוצת מתיל על cytosines ב dinucleotides CPG, הוא יכול לגייס חלבונים דיכוי נוספים ושינויים היסטון ליזום תהליכים המעורבים עיבוי הכרומטין השתקת גנים 2. מתילציה דנ&quot;א חיוני להתפתחות נורמלית כפי שהיא משחקת תפקיד קריטי תכנות התפתחותי, התמיינות תאים, הדיכוי של אלמנטים retroviral, כרומוזום ה-X איון ו החתמה גנומית. אחת השיטות החזקות ביותר לניתוח מתילציה בדנ&quot;א הוא mutagenesis bisulfite. Bisulfite נתרן הוא mutagen דנ&quot;א deaminates cytosines אל uracils. בעקבות הגברה seque PCR ו<html> ncing, אירועים אלה המרה מזוהים כמו thymines. Cytosines מפוגל מוגנים מפני deamination ובכך להישאר cytosines, המאפשר זיהוי של מתילציה בדנ&quot;א ברמת נוקלאוטיד יחיד 3. פיתוח assay mutagenesis bisulfite התקדמה מאלה דווח במקור 4-6 כלפי אלה הרגישים יותר לשחזור 7. אחד היה המפתח להתקדמות הטמעת כמויות קטנות יותר של דנ&quot;א חרוז agarose, ובכך להגן על ה-DNA מטיפול bisulfite הקשה 8. ניתוח זה מתילציה מופעל להתבצע על בריכות של ביציות ו בשלב הבלסטוציסט ועוברים 9. Mutagenesis המתוחכמת ביותר bisulfite פרוטוקול עד כה היא בשלב הבלסטוציסט עוברים בודדים 10. עם זאת, מאז blastocysts יש על 64 תאים הממוצע (המכיל 120-720 PG של הדנ&quot;א הגנומי), שיטה זו אינה יעילה ללימודי מתילציה על ביציות בודדים או מחשוף בשלב עוברים. אוהל &quot;&gt; לוקח רמזים מן הטבעה agarose כמויות הדנ&quot;א דקות כולל 11 ביציות, כאן אנו מציגים שיטה לפיה ביציות מוטבעים ישירות agarose ו תמוגה פתרון חרוז אחזור מיד לאחר והסרה של pellucida Zona מן הביצית. זה מאפשר לנו לעקוף את שני האתגרים העיקריים של mutagenesis ביצית אחת: bisulfite. המגנים על כמות זעירה של דנ&quot;א, השפלה ואובדן הבאים במהלך השלבים פרוטוקול רבים חשוב לציין, כאשר הנתונים מתקבלים ביציות בודדות, סוגיית ההטיה PCR בתוך בריכות מסולק יתר על כן. , זיהום מכוונת התא תלולית ניתן לזהות על ידי שיטה זו שכן כל המדגם עם דגם אחד או יותר של מתילציה ניתן נכללו בניתוח 12. פרוטוקול זה מספק שיטה משופרת עבור ניתוחים מוצלחים לשעתקו של מתילציה בדנ&quot;א ברמת מתחיל מתא בודד והוא אידיאלי עבור ביציות נפרדות, כמו גם מחשוף בשלב עוברים.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis at JoVE.com

Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

Mutagenesis bisulfite הוא תקן הזהב לניתוח מתילציה בדנ&quot;א. פרוטוקול שונה שלנו מאפשרת ניתוח מתילציה דנ&quot;א ברמת מתחיל מתא בודד ותוכנן במיוחד עבור ביציות נפרדות. זה יכול לשמש גם המחשוף בשלב עוברי.

ביצית אחת bisulfite mutagenesis

Epigenetics encompasses all heritable and reversible modifications to chromatin that alter gene accessibility, and thus are the primary mechanisms for ...

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Biology

14.0K Views.  Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario. Mutagenesis bisulfite הוא תקן הזהב לניתוח מתילציה בדנ"א. פרוטוקול שונה שלנו מאפשרת ניתוח מתילציה דנ"א ברמת מתחיל מתא בודד ותוכנן במיוחד עבור ביציות נפרדות. זה יכול לשמש גם המחשוף בשלב עוברי.

Video: Single Oocyte Bisulfite Mutagenesis

Optogenetic Random Mutagenesis Using Histone-miniSOG in C. elegans

Forward genetic screening in model organisms is the workhorse to discover functionally important genes and pathways in many biological processes. In most mutagenesis-based screens, researchers have relied on the use of toxic chemicals, carcinogens, or irradiation, which requires designated equipment, safety setup, and/or disposal of hazardous materials. We have developed a simple approach to induce heritable mutations in C. elegans using germline-expressed histone-miniSOG, a light-inducible potent generator of reactive oxygen species. This mutagenesis method is free of toxic chemicals and requires minimal laboratory safety and waste management. The induced DNA modifications include single-nucleotide changes and small deletions, and complement those caused by classical chemical mutagenesis. This methodology can also be used to induce integration of extrachromosomal transgenes. Here, we provide the details of the LED setup and protocols for standard mutagenesis and transgene integration.

Optogenetic Random Mutagenesis Using Histone-miniSOG in C. elegans

Genetically-encoded histone-miniSOG induces genome-wide heritable mutations in a blue&#160;light-dependent manner. This mutagenesis method is simple, fast, free of toxic chemicals, and well-suited for forward genetic screening and transgene integration.

Optogenetic mutagenesis אקראי באמצעות היסטון-miniSOG ב<em&gt; C. elegans</em

Forward genetic screening in model organisms is the workhorse to discover functionally important genes and pathways in many biological processes. In most ...

Genetics

Using Mouse Oocytes to Assess Human Gene Function During Meiosis I

Embryonic aneuploidy is the major genetic cause of infertility in humans. Most of these events originate during female meiosis, and albeit positively correlated with maternal age, age alone is not always predictive of the risk of generating an aneuploid embryo. Therefore, gene variants might account for incorrect chromosome segregation during oogenesis. Given that access to human oocytes is limited for research purposes, a series of assays were developed to study human gene function during meiosis I using mouse oocytes. First, messenger RNA (mRNA) of the gene and gene variant of interest are microinjected into prophase I-arrested mouse oocytes. After allowing time for expression, oocytes are synchronously released into meiotic maturation to complete meiosis I. By tagging the mRNA with a sequence of a fluorescent reporter, such as green fluorescent protein (Gfp), the localization of the human protein can be assessed in addition to the phenotypic alterations. For example, gain or loss of function can be investigated by establishing experimental conditions that challenge the gene product to fix meiotic errors. Although this system is advantageous in investigating human protein function during oogenesis, adequate interpretation of results should be undertaken given that protein expression is not at endogenous levels and, unless controlled for (i.e. knocked out or down), murine homologs are also present in the system.

As the genetic variants associated with human disease begin to become uncovered, it is becoming increasingly important to develop systems with which to rapidly evaluate the biological significance of those identified variants. This protocol describes methods for evaluating human gene function during female meiosis I using mouse oocytes.

באמצעות העכבר Oocytes כדי להעריך תפקוד הגן האנושי במהלך המיוזה אני

Embryonic aneuploidy is the major genetic cause of infertility in humans. Most of these events originate during female meiosis, and albeit positively ...

Generation of Genetically Modified Mice through the Microinjection of Oocytes

The use of genetically modified mice has significantly contributed to studies on both physiological and pathological in vivo processes. The pronuclear injection of DNA expression constructs into fertilized oocytes remains the most commonly used technique to generate transgenic mice for overexpression. With the introduction of CRISPR technology for gene targeting, pronuclear injection into fertilized oocytes has been extended to the generation of both knockout and knockin mice. This work describes the preparation of DNA for injection and the generation of CRISPR guides for gene targeting, with a particular emphasis on quality control. The genotyping procedures required for the identification of potential founders are critical. Innovative genotyping strategies that take advantage of the "multiplexing" capabilities of CRISPR are presented herein. Surgical procedures are also outlined. Together, the steps of the protocol will allow for the generation of genetically modified mice and for the subsequent establishment of mouse colonies for a plethora of research fields, including immunology, neuroscience, cancer, physiology, development, and others.

The microinjection of mouse oocytes is commonly used for both classic transgenesis (i.e., the random integration of transgenes) and CRISPR-mediated gene targeting. This protocol reviews the latest developments in microinjection, with a particular emphasis on quality control and genotyping strategies.

הדור של עכברים השתנה גנטית דרך Microinjection של ביציות

The use of genetically modified mice has significantly contributed to studies on both physiological and pathological in vivo processes. The pronuclear ...

Developmental Biology

Exploring X Chromosomal Aberrations in Ovarian Cells by Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Millions of people worldwide deal with issues concerning fertility. Reduced fertility, or even infertility, may be due to many different causes, including genetic disorders, of which chromosomal abnormalities are the most common. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a well-known and frequently used method to detect chromosomal aberrations in humans. FISH is mainly used for the analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in the spermatozoa of males with numerical or structural chromosomal aberrations. Furthermore, this technique is also frequently applied in females to detect X chromosomal aberrations that are known to cause ovarian dysgenesis. However, information on the X chromosomal content of ovarian cells from females with X chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes and/or buccal cells is still lacking.
The aim of this study is to advance basic research regarding X chromosomal aberrations in females, by presenting two methods based on FISH to identify the X chromosomal content of ovarian cells. First, a method is described to determine the X chromosomal content of isolated ovarian cells (oocytes, granulosa cells, and stromal cells) in non-grafted ovarian cortex tissue from females with X chromosomal aberrations. The second method is directed at evaluating the effect of chromosomal aberrations on folliculogenesis by determining the X chromosomal content of ovarian cells of newly formed secondary and antral follicles in ovarian tissue, from females with X chromosomal aberrations after long-term grafting into immunocompromised mice. Both methods could be helpful in future research to gain insight into the reproductive potential of females with X chromosomal aberrations.

Exploring X Chromosomal Aberrations in Ovarian Cells by Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

This article presents two methods based on fluorescence in situ hybridization to determine the X chromosomal content of ovarian cells in non-grafted and grafted ovarian cortex tissue from females with X chromosomal aberrations.

חקר סטיות X כרומוזומליות בתאי שחלה באמצעות הכלאה פלואורסצנטית באתרו

Millions of people worldwide deal with issues concerning fertility. Reduced fertility, or even infertility, may be due to many different causes, including ...

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes

Aneuploidy is the leading genetic abnormality causing early miscarriage and pregnancy failure in humans. Most errors in chromosome segregation that give rise to aneuploidy occur during meiosis in oocytes, but why oocyte meiosis is error-prone is still not fully understood. During cell division, cells prevent errors in chromosome segregation by activating the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). This control mechanism relies on detecting kinetochore (KT)-microtubule (MT) attachments and sensing tension generated by spindle fibers. When KTs are unattached, the SAC is activated and prevents cell-cycle progression. The SAC is activated first by MPS1 kinase, which triggers the recruitment and formation of the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), composed of MAD1, MAD2, BUB3, and BUBR1. Then, the MCC diffuses into the cytoplasm and sequesters CDC20, an anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activator. Once KTs become attached to microtubules and chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate, the SAC is silenced, CDC20 is released, and the APC/C is activated, triggering the degradation of Cyclin B and Securin, thereby allowing anaphase onset. Compared to somatic cells, the SAC in oocytes is not as effective because cells can undergo anaphase despite having unattached KTs. Understanding why the SAC is more permissive and if this permissiveness is one of the causes of chromosome segregation errors in oocytes still needs further investigation. The present protocol describes the three techniques to comprehensively evaluate SAC integrity in mouse oocytes. These techniques include using nocodazole to depolymerize MTs to evaluate the SAC response, tracking SAC silencing by following the kinetics of Securin destruction, and evaluating the recruitment of MAD2 to KTs by immunofluorescence. Together these techniques probe mechanisms needed to produce healthy eggs by providing a complete evaluation of SAC integrity.

Error in chromosome segregation is a common feature in oocytes. Therefore, studying the spindle assembly checkpoint gives important clues about the mechanisms needed to produce healthy eggs. The present protocol describes three complementary assays to evaluate spindle assembly checkpoint integrity in mouse oocytes.

הערכת שלמות מחסום הרכבת הציר בביציות עכבר

Aneuploidy is the leading genetic abnormality causing early miscarriage and pregnancy failure in humans. Most errors in chromosome segregation that give ...

זיהוי נזק לדנ"א בביציות של עכברים שנעצרו בשלב

Detection of DNA Double-Stranded Breaks in Mouse Oocytes

Oocytes are amongst the biggest and most long-lived cells in the female body. They are formed in the ovaries during embryonic development and remain arrested at the prophase of meiosis I. The quiescent state may last for years until the oocytes receive a stimulus to grow and obtain the competency to resume meiosis. This protracted state of arrest makes them extremely susceptible to accumulating DNA-damaging insults, which affect the genetic integrity of the female gametes and, therefore, the genetic integrity of the future embryo. 
Consequently, the development of an accurate method to detect DNA damage, which is the first step for the establishment of DNA damage response mechanisms, is of vital importance. This paper describes a common protocol to test the presence and progress of DNA damage in prophase-arrested oocytes during a period of 20 h. Specifically, we dissect mouse ovaries, retrieve the cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), remove the cumulus cells from the COCs, and culture the oocytes in &#924;2 medium containing 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine to maintain the state of arrest. Thereafter, the oocytes are treated with the cytotoxic, antineoplasmic drug, etoposide, to engender double-strand breaks (DSBs). 
By using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy, we detect and quantify the levels of the core protein &#947;H2AX, which is the phosphorylated form of the histone H2AX. H2AX becomes phosphorylated at the sites of DSBs after DNA damage. The inability to restore DNA integrity following DNA damage in oocytes can lead to infertility, birth defects, and increased rates of spontaneous abortions. Therefore, the understanding of DNA damage response mechanisms and, at the same time, the establishment of an intact method for studying these mechanisms are essential for reproductive biology research.

מחבר זרקור: הבנת תגובת נזק לדנ"א בביציות יונקים ובעוברים טרום השרשה 

Maintaining oocyte genome integrity is necessary to ensure the genetic fidelity in the resulting embryo. Here, we present an accurate protocol for detecting DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian female germ cells.

איתור שברים דו-גדיליים בדנ"א בביציות עכבר

Oocytes are amongst the biggest and most long-lived cells in the female body. They are formed in the ovaries during embryonic development and remain ...

Mouse Oocyte Microinjection, Maturation and Ploidy Assessment

Mistakes in chromosome segregation lead to aneuploid cells. In somatic cells, aneuploidy is associated with cancer but in gametes, aneuploidy leads to infertility, miscarriages or developmental disorders like Down syndrome. Haploid gametes form through species-specific developmental programs that are coupled to meiosis. The first meiotic division (MI) is unique to meiosis because sister chromatids remain attached while homologous chromosomes are segregated. For reasons not fully understood, this reductional division is prone to errors and is more commonly the source of aneuploidy than errors in meiosis II (MII) or than errors in male meiosis 1,2. 
In mammals, oocytes arrest at prophase of MI with a large, intact germinal vesicle (GV; nucleus) and only resume meiosis when they receive ovulatory cues. Once meiosis resumes, oocytes complete MI and undergo an asymmetric cell division, arresting again at metaphase of MII. Eggs will not complete MII until they are fertilized by sperm. Oocytes also can undergo meiotic maturation using established in vitro culture conditions 3. Because generation of transgenic and gene-targeted mouse mutants is costly and can take long periods of time, manipulation of female gametes in vitro is a more economical and time-saving strategy. 
Here, we describe methods to isolate prophase-arrested oocytes from mice and for microinjection. Any material of choice may be introduced into the oocyte, but because meiotically-competent oocytes are transcriptionally silent 4,5 cRNA, and not DNA, must be injected for ectopic expression studies. To assess ploidy, we describe our conditions for in vitro maturation of oocytes to MII eggs. Historically, chromosome-spreading techniques are used for counting chromosome number 6. This method is technically challenging and is limited to only identifying hyperploidies. Here, we describe a method to determine hypo-and hyperploidies using intact eggs 7-8. This method uses monastrol, a kinesin-5 inhibitor, that collapses the bipolar spindle into a monopolar spindle 9 thus separating chromosomes such that individual kinetochores can readily be detected and counted by using an anti-CREST autoimmune serum. Because this method is performed in intact eggs, chromosomes are not lost due to operator error.

Oocytes are prone to aneuploidy due to errors in chromosome segregation during meiotic maturation. Aneuploid eggs can cause infertility, miscarriages or developmental disorders like Down syndrome. Here, we describe methods to introduce materials of choice into oocytes and methods to study meiotic maturation and assess ploidy.

הביצית Microinjection עכבר, הבשלה ו Ploidy הערכה

Mistakes in chromosome segregation lead to aneuploid cells.  In somatic cells, aneuploidy is associated with cancer but in gametes, aneuploidy leads to ...

בידוד וגנוטיפ של עובר עכבר גסטרולציה לריצוף תא בודד

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Mutant Whole Mouse Embryos: From the Epiblast to the End of Gastrulation

Over the last decade, single-cell approaches have become the gold standard for studying gene expression dynamics, cell heterogeneity, and cell states within samples. Before single-cell advances, the feasibility of capturing the dynamic cellular landscape and rapid cell transitions during early development was limited. In this paper, a robust pipeline was designed to perform single-cell and nuclei analysis on mouse embryos from embryonic day E6.5 to E8, corresponding to the onset and completion of gastrulation. Gastrulation is a fundamental process during development that establishes the three germinal layers: mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm, which are essential for organogenesis. Extensive literature is available on single-cell omics applied to wild-type perigastrulating embryos. However, single-cell analysis of mutant embryos is still scarce and often limited to FACS-sorted populations. This is partially due to the technical constraints associated with the need for genotyping, timed pregnancies, the count of embryos with desired genotypes per pregnancy, and the number of cells per embryo at these stages. Here, a methodology is presented designed to overcome these limitations. This method establishes breeding and timed pregnancy guidelines to achieve a higher chance of synchronized pregnancies with desired genotypes. Optimization steps in the embryo isolation process coupled with a same-day genotyping protocol (3 h) allow for microdroplet-based single-cell to be performed on the same day, ensuring the high viability of cells and robust results. This method further includes guidelines for optimal nuclei isolations from embryos. Thus, these approaches increase the feasibility of single-cell approaches of mutant embryos at the gastrulation stage. We anticipate that this method will facilitate the analysis of how mutations shape the cellular landscape of the gastrula.

Author Spotlight: צינור לניתוח עוברים מוטנטיים ספציפיים לשושלת ברזולוציה של תא בודד

This paper establishes a pipeline for high-quality single-cell and nuclei suspensions of gastrulating mouse embryos for sequencing of single cells and nuclei.

ריצוף RNA חד-תאי של עוברי עכברים שלמים מוטנטיים: מהאפיבלסט ועד סוף הגסטרולציה

Over the last decade, single-cell approaches have become the gold standard for studying gene expression dynamics, cell heterogeneity, and cell states ...

ביצית אחת bisulfite mutagenesis

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Optogenetic mutagenesis אקראי באמצעות היסטון-miniSOG ב

באמצעות העכבר Oocytes כדי להעריך תפקוד הגן האנושי במהלך המיוזה אני

הדור של עכברים השתנה גנטית דרך Microinjection של ביציות

חקר סטיות X כרומוזומליות בתאי שחלה באמצעות הכלאה פלואורסצנטית באתרו

הערכת שלמות מחסום הרכבת הציר בביציות עכבר

איתור שברים דו-גדיליים בדנ"א בביציות עכבר

איתור שברים דו-גדיליים בדנ"א בביציות עכבר

איתור שברים דו-גדיליים בדנ"א בביציות עכבר

הביצית Microinjection עכבר, הבשלה ו Ploidy הערכה

ריצוף RNA חד-תאי של עוברי עכברים שלמים מוטנטיים: מהאפיבלסט ועד סוף הגסטרולציה