1.7 : 人本主义心理学

Humanistic psychology proposes that innate kindness and a desire for growth drive people to shape their lives and seek fulfillment.

The humanistic approach asserts that unconscious drives and environmental influences do not solely drive people; for example, choosing to forgive someone demonstrates that actions are driven by choice, not just past experiences.

American psychologist Abraham Maslow, who supported humanistic views, proposed the "hierarchy of needs." This theory suggests that humans are motivated by a progression of needs, from basic survival to self-actualization.

For example, after achieving financial stability and career recognition, an individual may switch to writing to fulfill their passion and reach self-actualization.

Humanists study behavior by using personal stories and measurable factors, such as the effects of meditation on happiness or the benefits of therapy on mental health.

Another American psychologist, Carl Rogers, introduced client-centered therapy, a therapeutic approach based on humanistic principles, where therapists support their clients without judgment to help them resolve their issues.