3.4 : 肺炎 IV：医疗管理

Effective pneumonia management includes the following:

Pharmacological treatment for pneumonia involves oral or intravenous antibiotics for bacterial infections or antivirals for viral infections

Community-acquired pneumonia is treated with antibiotics like macrolides.

Conversely, hospital-acquired pneumonia is treated with broad-spectrum IV antibiotics as monotherapy or in combination.

Patients without multidrug resistance may use ceftriaxone monotherapy.

Multidrug-resistant cases might need a treatment combining three drugs: an antipseudomonal cephalosporin, an aminoglycoside, and vancomycin.

Supportive medications comprise antipyretics, antitussives, antihistamines, and nasal decongestants.

Additionally, oxygen is necessary for the patient with hypoxemia.

Severe cases may require mechanical ventilation for treatment.

Hydration is vital for treating pneumonia; it helps loosen secretions and prevent dehydration. IV fluids and electrolytes are necessary if oral intake is inadequate.

Lastly, proper nutrition with high-protein and antioxidant-rich foods boosts immunity and aids recovery.