Name: isolation and flow cytometric characterization of murine small intestinal lymphocytes
Uploaded: 2016-05-08T15:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 8 min 14 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine Small Intestinal Lymphocytes at JoVE.com

NKS is supported by NIH award K08 AI108690.

Tüm çalışmalar Laboratuar Hayvanları Bilimi için Amerikan Derneği (AALAS) tarafından belirlenen veteriner standartlarını karşılayan Harvard Tıp Okulu&#39;nda Kurumsal Hayvan Bakım ve Kullanım Komitesi (IACUC) göre sıkı inceleme ve kuralları uyarınca yapılmıştır. Co-konut yoluyla Bakterilerin 1. Yatay İletim (İsteğe bağlı) <ol><li> yiyecek ve her ikisi de otoklavlanmış edilmiş su kullanarak, steril tek kullanımlık kafesleri montaj sırasında (gnotobiyotik fareler kullanılarak özellikle) eksojen kontaminasyonu en aza indirmek için, aseptik teknik uygulama. </li><li> Kullanım kulak yumruklar veya etiketleri tek tek farklı microbiotas liman ve aynı kafeste onlara ev 6 haftalık C57BL / 6 fareler işaretlemek için. fareler coprophagic ve kafes yerden fekal pelet yemek göz önüne alındığında, mikroplar doğal fareler arasında yatay iletilecektir. </li><li> ≥1 hafta Co-ev fareler analizden önce mikrobiyal transferi ve immünolojik değişim için zaman tanımak için. </li></ol&gt; Küçük bağırsak intraepitelyal Katman ve lamina propria bir Tek Hücre Süspansiyon 2. Hazırlık <ol><li> Çözümler hazırlanması <ol><li> (Ince bağırsak başına) Ekstraksiyonu hazırlanması: 30 ml RPMI + 93 ul% 5 ditiyotreitol (DTT) (w / v) + 60 ul 0.5 M EDTA + 500 ul cenin sığır serumu (FBS). Kullanmadan önce hemen DTT ekleyin. </li><li> 25 ml RPMI + 12.5 mg dispase + 37.5 mg kollajenaz II + 300 ul FBS: (ince bağırsağın başına) sindirim ortamı hazırlayın. Kullanmadan önce hemen dispase ve kollajenaz ekleyin. </li><li> 37 ° C, 37 ° C, ön ısıtılması çözeltiler gerçekleştirilen tüm inkubasyon için. </li></ol></li><li> Servikal dislokasyon tarafından takip CO 2 boğulma fare Euthanize. </li><li> aşağı fare dorsal yüzü koyun ve% 70 etanol ile karın püskürtün. sırayla fro ventral orta hat boyunca cilt ve sonra periton fasya keserek bir laparotomi gerçekleştirmek için makas kullanınböylece periton boşluğuna açığa kılıç şeklinde sürecine pubis eklemi m. </li><li> pilor sfinkter bölücü ile mideden ince bağırsağa ayırmak için makas kullanın. Yavaşça mezenterik yağ uzak alay, periton ince bağırsak kaldırın. <ol><li> Tamamen ince bağırsak kaldırmak için, ileo-çekal kavşakta ikinci bir kesim yapmak. Soğuk izole edilmiş ince bağırsağa yerleştirin (yani., 4 ° C),% 10 FBS içeren RPMI hücre canlılığı üst düzeye çıkarır. </li></ol></li><li> Yavaşça kavisli bir forseps kullanarak yağ büyük parçalar çıkarın. yağ çıkarmak isterken bağırsak dokusu kendisini yırtılmasını önlemek için dikkatli kullanın. </li><li> bir şırınga yapıştırılmış bir 18 G besleme iğne kullanılarak soğuk PBS 20 ml - 15 ile bağırsak içeriği, hafifçe yıkayın bağırsakları kaldırmak için. </li><li> PPS tüketim için makas kullanın ve% 5 FBS içeren soğuk RPMI içine koyun. PPs ince bağırsak antimezenterik tarafında bulunur ve bir çok-lobüle beyaz görünürkitle. 12 PPS - Belirli zorlanma bağlı olarak, bir fare, genellikle 8 sahiptir. </li><li> 4 inçlik segmentlerine - 3 içine ince bağırsak kesti. </li><li> uzak dokudan yağ kızdırmak için sıkıcı bir neşter kullanılarak, RPMI ile nemlendirilmiş bir kağıt havlu üzerine her ince bağırsak segmenti yuvarlayarak kalan yağ çıkarmak. </li><li> kavisli bir forseps ile bağırsak segmentleri kanüle ve doku distal ucunu tutarak dışarı içinde doku çevirin. Sonra yavaşça doku ters olan sonuçlanan (proksimal ucunda başlar) kavisli bir forseps doku segmenti çıkarmak için düz forseps bir çift kullanın. </li><li> 30 emme ml ortam ve bir karıştırma çubuğu ihtiva eden bir kap içinde, doku bölümleri yerleştirin. fincan kapağı elde edin ve 37 ° C&#39;de 15 dakika boyunca 500 rpm&#39;de karıştırıldı; karıştırma dinç ama çalkantılı olmamalıdır. </li><li> kuluçkadan sonra bulutlu görünmelidir epitel içeren süpernatant, doku parçaları ayırmak için çelik süzgeç kullanın. Bu yüzer madde i içerir2.23 - adımda 2.18 numune süzme işlem yolu ile, arzu edildiği takdirde daha da analiz edilebilir ntraepithelial lenfositler. </li><li> El ile artık çıkarma medya yıkayacak RPMI doku parçaları çalkalayın. </li><li> kuru bir kağıt havlu üzerine doku yerleştirin ve ekstraksiyon ortamı tarafından serbest değildi bakiye mukus çıkarılmasını kolaylaştırmak için son birkaç kez sona çevirin. </li><li> Sindirim ortamının 600 ul, 1.5 ml bir tüp içinde doku parçaları yerleştirin. </li><li> parçalar artık makas sopa ve çözüm homojen görünene kadar doku kıyma için makas kullanın. Bu adım, doku tam enzimatik sindirim sağlamak için çok önemlidir. </li><li> sindirim medya 25 ml içeren bir bardağa kıyılmış ince bağırsak ekleyin. 37 ° C&#39;de 30 dakika boyunca 500 rpm&#39;de karıştırılır. Yarım sindirim yoluyla (yani., 15 dk), pipetlemeyin yukarı ve serolojik pipet ile aşağı dokusunun herhangi büyük boyutta break up yardımcı olur. </li><li> Filtre Sindirilmiş doku (veya epithadım 2.12 Elial tabaka halinde 50 ml&#39;lik bir tüp içine 100 mikron hücre süzgecinden işleme IELS). % 10 FBS ihtiva eden RPMI 20 ml süzgeç durulayın. </li><li> 4 ° C&#39;de 10 dakika boyunca 500 x g&#39;de filtre solüsyonu santrifüjleyin. </li><li> Dikkatle% 10 FBS ihtiva eden RPMI 1 ml süpernatan ve tekrar süspansiyon pelet süzün. </li><li> Filtre 50 ml&#39;lik bir tüp içine, 40 mikron hücre süzgecinden hücreler yeniden süspansiyon haline getirildi. % 10 FBS ihtiva eden RPMI 20 ml süzgeç durulayın. </li><li> Santrifüj, 4 ° C&#39;de 10 dakika boyunca 500 xg&#39;de çözelti filtre edilmiştir. </li><li> Dikkatle% 2 FBS içeren RPMI 1 ml süpernatan, ve tekrar süspansiyon pelet süzün. </li></ol> Peyer yamaları tek bir hücre süspansiyonu 3. hazırlanması <ol><li> Transferi 25 sindirim medya ml ve bir karıştırma çubuğu ile bir fincan PPS eksize. Güvenli kapağı ve 37 ° C&#39;de 10 dakika boyunca 500 rpm&#39;de döndürün. </li><li> Filtre 50 ml&#39;lik bir tüp içine 40 mikron hücre süzgecinden PPS sindirilmiş. herhangi bir yığınının Rema Eğeriçinde, bir 1 ml şırınga pistonu düz ucunu kullanarak süzgeç aracılığıyla basın. </li><li> % 10 FBS ihtiva eden RPMI 10 ml süzgeç durulayın. </li><li> Santrifüj, 4 ° C&#39;de 10 dakika boyunca 500 xg&#39;de çözelti filtre edilmiştir. </li><li> Dikkatle% 2 FBS içeren RPMI 1 ml süpernatan, ve tekrar süspansiyon pelet süzün. </li></ol> Akım Sitometrisi 4. Yüzey Boyama <ol><li> Hücre kısım uygun hacmi (örneğin., LPLs 200 ul) 96-çukurlu yuvarlak tabanlı plaka. </li><li> 4 ° C&#39;de 5 dakika boyunca 500 x g&#39;de santrifüjleyin. plakayı ters çevirerek süpernatant süzün. </li><li> RPMI% 2 FBS içeren 90 ul içinde süspanse hücreleri ve bir 1: anti-CD16 / 32 (Fc Block) 100 dilüsyon. 4 ° C&#39;de 10 dakika süreyle inkübe edilir. </li><li> 10 ul PBS ekleyin. 4 ° C&#39;de 5 dakika boyunca 500 x g&#39;de santrifüjleyin. plakayı ters çevirerek süpernatant süzün. </li><li> 250 ul PBS içinde süspanse edin hücreleri. 4 ° C&#39;de 5 dakika boyunca 500 x g&#39;de santrifüjleyin. tarafından decant süpernatantplakayı tersini. </li><li> üreticinin protokolünü takip ederek, eğer istenirse canlılığı boya ile (isteğe bağlı) boyama hücreleri. </li><li> 100 ul% 1 formalin içinde süspanse hücreler düzeltmek için. 4 ° C&#39;de karanlıkta 1 saat süreyle inkübe edin. </li><li> 200 ul PBS ekleyin. 4 ° C&#39;de 5 dakika boyunca 500 x g&#39;de santrifüjleyin. plakayı ters çevirerek süpernatant süzün. </li><li> 250 ul PBS içinde süspanse edin hücreleri. 4 ° C&#39;de 5 dakika boyunca 500 x g&#39;de santrifüjleyin. plakayı ters çevirerek süpernatant süzün. </li><li> 200 ul PBS içinde süspanse edin hücreleri. bir akış sitometresinin kullanarak hücrelerin analiz edin. </li></ol>

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No conflicts of interest declared.

Biz izolasyonu için bir protokol mevcut ve PPS&#39;de LPLs, IELS ve lenfositler de dahil olmak üzere ince bağırsak lenfosit, sitometrik karakterizasyonu akar. Mikrobiyota değişiklikler ince bağırsak bağışıklık sistemini nasıl etkilediğini değerlendirmek ilgilenenler için, detay farklı microbiotas barındıran fareler arasında organizmaların yatay iletim dahil basit adımlar. Bu protokol, ince bağırsakta odaklanır rağmen, prosedür tek fark hiçbir PPs kaldırmak için vardır (kolon yamalar mevcu...

İnce bağırsağın temel görevi, genellikle besinlerin 1 sindirim ve emilim olarak kabul edilir. Bu metabolik fonksiyon açıkça gerekli iken, ince bağırsak lümeninin 2 içinde bulunan çevresel antijenlere sürekli baraj konağı korunmasında eşit derecede önemli bir role sahiptir. Bağırsak dış dünyayı ayıran (örn., Lümen antijenler) Sadece tek bir hücre tabakası kalınlığında bir epitel tabakası ile konağın iç ortamdan. Bu şekilde, ince bağırsak, bağışıklık sistemi, işgalci patojenlere karşı güçlü bir yanıtın monte ederken, minimal mukoza girmek için diyet ve ortakçı mikroplardan yabancı antijenleri sağlayan, herhangi bir halinde, bir bağışıklık tepkisi reaktivite için eşik dengeleme üstün görevi, öteki &quot;zararlı&quot; antijenler. Bu antijenlere karşı aşırı ya da uygunsuz immün yanıtlar (patolojik hastalığa yol açabilir, örneğin., Inflamasyonedici bağırsak hastalığı, tip I diyabet, çok merkezli skleroz) ve 3-6 kaçınılmalıdır. Genel olarak, mide-bağırsak yolu, tüm antikor salgılayan hücreler 7% 70 üzerinde içeren, vücudun en büyük immün organı temsil ettiği düşünülmektedir. Lamina propriya (LP), intraepitelyal tabaka ve Peyer yamaları (PPS) - - ince bağırsak bağışıklık sistemi 3 ana bölmeden oluşur, her lenfosit 2 ayırt edici bir grubu içerir. LP lenfositleri (LPLs) ~% 20 B hücreleri ile esas TCRαβ + T hücreleridir; intraepitelyal lenfositler (IELS) TCRαβ + T hücreleri daha TCRγδ + T hücreleri çok az sayıda B hücrelerini içeren; ve ince bağırsak duvarında gömülü ikincil lenfoid organlar PPs, ~% 80 B hücrelerini içerirler. Bu anatomik bölgelerin her biraz farklı fonksiyonları ve ontolojik üsleri olmasına rağmen, onlar işlev aharmonized moda patojenik hakaretlere gelen ev sahibi korumak için. Ayrıca, Mikrobiyota özel mikroplar ve özellikle hücre soylarının 8,9 ontogeny arasındaki soydaş ilişkinin tanıma artan bağırsak bağışıklık sisteminin gelişimi için kritik bir belirleyicisi olduğunu büyüyen takdir var. Ayrıca, bağırsak bağışıklık sisteminin eğitim anatomik uzak bölgelerde bağışıklık tepkilerini etkiler göz önüne alındığında (örneğin., Artrit, multipl skleroz, pnömoni), daha önce 10 tanıdı daha bağırsak bağışıklık sisteminin gelişmesi daha hastalık süreçleri ile ilgili olduğu açıkça ortaya çıktı -12. Bu nedenle, kantitatif bağırsak bağışıklık sistemini değerlendirirken ilgi şimdi konak-ortakçı etkileşimleri ve birçok sistemik hastalığın patogenezi de içerecek şekilde konak-patojen etkileşimleri aşmıştır. mevcut yöntemlerin değişkenliği göz önüne alındığındabağırsak lenfosit izolasyonu gerekli zamanı dengeleme giderek kritik iken verimi, canlılığı ve tutarlılık için optimize edilmiş bir yöntem. Percoll geçişlerini içeren protokoller, zaman ve emek yoğun ve insan hatası potansiyel olarak daha yatkındır değişken verim giden ve 13 canlılığı. Burada, 3 ince bağırsak immün bölmelerden lenfositlerinin izolasyonu ve karakterizasyonu için optimize edilmiş bir protokol sağlar. Buna ek olarak, mukozal bağışıklık sistemi mikrop kaynaklı değişikler verilen artan bir ilgi, bu değişikliklerin kantitatif bağırsak bağışıklık sistemini nasıl etkilediği değerlendirmek için fareler arasında mikroorganizmaların yatay aktarım sağlamak için kullanılabilir adımları içerir.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Sterile Gloves</td><td>Kimberly-Clark</td><td>555092</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>sterile mouse cage</td><td>Innovive</td><td>MS2-AD</td><td>contains lid, cage bottom, and alpha-dri bedding</td></tr><tr><td>Metal feeder</td><td>Innovive</td><td>M-FEED</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Water bottle</td><td>Innovive</td><td>M-WB-300</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Card holder</td><td>Innovive</td><td>CRD-HLD-H</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Autoclavable rodent chow (NIH-31M)</td><td>Zeigler</td><td>4131207530</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>RPMI medium 1640</td><td>Gibco</td><td>11875-119</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dithiothreitol (DTT)</td><td>Sigma</td><td>D5545-5G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>0.5 M EDTA (pH 8.0)</td><td>Ambion</td><td>AM9262</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)</td><td>GemBio</td><td>100-510</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dispase II</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>17105-041</td><td>the concentration in the protocol is based on an activity level of 1.878 U/mg</td></tr><tr><td>Collagenase, type II&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>17101-015</td><td>the concentration in the protocol is based on an activity level of 245 U/mg</td></tr><tr><td>Dissecting scissors</td><td>Roboz</td><td>RS-5882</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Feeding needle (18 G, 2&quot; length)</td><td>Roboz</td><td>FN-7905</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10 ml Syringe</td><td>BD</td><td>305482</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PBS</td><td>Gibco</td><td>14190-250</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Disposable Scalpel (15 blade)</td><td>Miltex</td><td>4-415</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Curved forceps</td><td>Roboz</td><td>RS-5211</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Straight forceps</td><td>Roboz</td><td>RS-5132</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Multi-purpose cups, 120 ml</td><td>VWR</td><td>89009-662</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stir bar</td><td>VWR</td><td>58949-062</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Multi-position stir plate, 9-position</td><td>VWR</td><td>12621-048</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stainless steel conical strainer, 3 inch&amp;nbsp;</td><td>RSVP</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1.5 ml Tube</td><td>Eppendorf</td><td>0030 125.150</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>100 &amp;mu;m Cell strainer</td><td>Falcon</td><td>08-771-19</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>40 &amp;mu;m Cell strainer</td><td>Falcon</td><td>08-771-1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>50 ml Conical tube</td><td>Falcon</td><td>352098</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>1 ml Syringe</td><td>BD</td><td>309659</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>96-well Plate, round-bottom</td><td>Corning</td><td>3799</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anti-mouse CD16/32 (Fc block)</td><td>Biolegend</td><td>101320</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>(Optional) Fixable viability dye eFluor 780</td><td>eBiosciences</td><td>65-0865-18</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>10% Formalin, neutral buffered</td><td>Thermo Scientific</td><td>5725</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

isolation and flow cytometric characterization of murine small intestinal lymphocytes

bağırsaklar - Vücutta herhangi bir organın bağışıklık hücrelerinin en fazla sayıda içerirler - sürekli yabancı antijenleri, mikrobik ve diyet hem de maruz kalmaktadır. bağırsak sistemik hastalıkların bir dizi için kritik olan bu lümen antijenler immün yanıtı ve bağışıklık hücrelerinin eğitimin şekillenmesine yardımcı olduğunu giderek artan bir anlayış göz önüne alındığında, bağırsak bağışıklık sistemini karakterize ilgi var artmıştır. Bununla birlikte, bir çok yayınlanmış protokoller zor, zaman alıcıdır. Biz, hızlı, tekrarlanabilir ve zahmetli Percoll geçişlerini gerektirmez ince bağırsak lamina propria, intraepitelyal tabaka ve Peyer yamaları lenfositlerin izolasyonu için burada basitleştirilmiş bir protokol mevcut. Protokol, ince bağırsakta üzerine odaklanmış olmakla beraber, bu da kolon analizi için de uygundur. Ayrıca, biz belirli bir bilimsel ques bağlı olarak ek optimizasyon gerekebilir bazı yönlerini vurgulamakyon. Bu yaklaşım daha sonra, akış sitometrik analizinde ve özellikleri alternatif yollarla kullanılabilir uygulanabilir lenfositler, çok sayıda ayrı olarak elde edilir.

Splenositler (Şekil 1A ve 1B) halinde ileri içindeki ve yan saçılma özelliklere sahip farklı bir hücreler popülasyonu elde gereken ince bağırsak lenfositlerin tekli hücre süspansiyonları, akış sitometrik analizi. Doku izolasyon ilk aşamalarında, 4 ° C de muhafaza değilse lenfositleri daha düşük bir ileri dağılım olan ve diğer epitel ve ölü hücrelerden ayırmak için daha zor olan lenfosit popülasyonu ile sonuçlanan, kalıp başlayabilir <st...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Isolation and Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine Small Intestinal Lymphocytes at JoVE.com

Isolation and Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine Small Intestinal Lymphocytes

There is growing interest in the quantitative characterization of intestinal lymphocytes owing to increasing recognition that these cells play a critical role in a variety of intestinal and systemic diseases. In this protocol, we describe how to isolate single cell populations from different small-intestinal compartments for subsequent flow cytometric characterization.

Fare Küçük Bağırsak Lenfositler izolasyonu ve Akım Sitometrisi Karakterizasyonu

The intestines &#8212; which contain the largest number of immune cells of any organ in the body &#8212; are constantly exposed to foreign antigens, both ...

isolation-flow-cytometric-characterization-murine-small-intestinal

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

27.3K Görüntüleme.  Boston Children’s Hospital. There is growing interest in the quantitative characterization of intestinal lymphocytes owing to increasing recognition that these cells play a critical role in a variety of intestinal and systemic diseases. In this protocol, we describe how to isolate single cell populations from different small-intestinal compartments for subsequent flow cytometric characterization. 

Video: Isolation and Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine Small Intestinal Lymphocytes

Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

Within the intestine reside unique populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that are involved in promoting tolerance towards commensal flora and food antigens while concomitantly remaining poised to mount inflammatory responses toward invasive pathogens1,2. Antigen presenting cells, particularly DCs and macrophages, play critical roles in maintaining intestinal immune homeostasis via their ability to sense and appropriately respond to the microbiota3-14. Efficient isolation of intestinal DCs and macrophages is a critical step in characterizing the phenotype and function of these cells. While many effective methods of isolating intestinal immune cells, including DCs and macrophages, have been described6,10,15-24, many rely upon long digestions times that may negatively influence cell surface antigen expression, cell viability, and/or cell yield. Here, we detail a methodology for the rapid isolation of large numbers of viable, intestinal DCs and macrophages. Phenotypic characterization of intestinal DCs and macrophages is carried out by directly staining isolated intestinal cells with specific fluorescence-labeled monoclonal antibodies for multi-color flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, highly pure DC and macrophage populations are isolated for functional studies utilizing CD11c and CD11b magnetic-activated cell sorting beads followed by cell sorting.

Here, we detail a methodology for the rapid isolation of mouse intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Phenotypic characterization of intestinal DCs and macrophages is performed using multi-color flow cytometric analysis while magnetic bead enrichment followed by cell sorting is used to yield highly pure populations for functional studies.

Fare Barsak ayrı dendritik hücreler ve makrofajlar İzolasyonu ve Karakterizasyonu

Within the intestine reside unique populations of innate and adaptive immune cells that are involved in promoting tolerance towards commensal flora and ...

İmmünoloji ve Enfeksiyon

Flow Cytometric Isolation of Primary Murine Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells for Functional and Molecular Studies

Throughout the last years, the contribution of alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII) to various aspects of immune regulation in the lung has been increasingly recognized. AECII have been shown to participate in cytokine production in inflamed airways and to even act as antigen-presenting cells in both infection and T-cell mediated autoimmunity 1-8. Therefore, they are especially interesting also in clinical contexts such as airway hyper-reactivity to foreign and self-antigens as well as infections that directly or indirectly target AECII. However, our understanding of the detailed immunologic functions served by alveolar type II epithelial cells in the healthy lung as well as in inflammation remains fragmentary. Many studies regarding AECII function are performed using mouse or human alveolar epithelial cell lines 9-12. Working with cell lines certainly offers a range of benefits, such as the availability of large numbers of cells for extensive analyses. However, we believe the use of primary murine AECII allows a better understanding of the role of this cell type in complex processes like infection or autoimmune inflammation. Primary murine AECII can be isolated directly from animals suffering from such respiratory conditions, meaning they have been subject to all additional extrinsic factors playing a role in the analyzed setting. As an example, viable AECII can be isolated from mice intranasally infected with influenza A virus, which primarily targets these cells for replication 13. Importantly, through ex vivo infection of AECII isolated from healthy mice, studies of the cellular responses mounted upon infection can be further extended.
Our protocol for the isolation of primary murine AECII is based on enzymatic digestion of the mouse lung followed by labeling of the resulting cell suspension with antibodies specific for CD11c, CD11b, F4/80, CD19, CD45 and CD16/CD32. Granular AECII are then identified as the unlabeled and sideward scatter high (SSChigh) cell population and are separated by fluorescence activated cell sorting 3.
In comparison to alternative methods of isolating primary epithelial cells from mouse lungs, our protocol for flow cytometric isolation of AECII by negative selection yields untouched, highly viable and pure AECII in relatively short time. Additionally, and in contrast to conventional methods of isolation by panning and depletion of lymphocytes via binding of antibody-coupled magnetic beads 14, 15, flow cytometric cell-sorting allows discrimination by means of cell size and granularity. Given that instrumentation for flow cytometric cell sorting is available, the described procedure can be applied at relatively low costs. Next to standard antibodies and enzymes for lung disintegration, no additional reagents such as magnetic beads are required. The isolated cells are suitable for a wide range of functional and molecular studies, which include in vitro culture and T-cell stimulation assays as well as transcriptome, proteome or secretome analyses 3, 4.

We describe the rapid isolation of primary murine type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECII) by flow cytometric negative selection. These AECII show high viability and purity and are suitable for a wide range of functional and molecular studies regarding their role in respiratory conditions such as autoimmune or infectious diseases.

Fonksiyonel ve Moleküler Çalışmalar Birincil murin Tip II alveol epitel hücrelerinde akım sitometri İzolasyonu

Throughout  the last years, the contribution of alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECII)  to various aspects of immune regulation in the lung has been ...

Isolation and Activation of Murine Lymphocytes

B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading pathogen1,2. Understandably, such intricate abilities are controlled by a large number of molecules involved in various cellular processes to ensure timely and spatially regulated immune responses3. Here, we describe experimental procedures that allow rapid isolation of highly purified murine lymphocytes using magnetic cell sorting technology. The resulting purified lymphocytes can then be subjected to various in vitro or in vivo functional assays, such as the determination of lymphocyte signaling capacity upon stimulation by immunoblotting4 and the investigation of proliferative abilities by 3H-thymidine incorporation or carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE) labeling5-7. In addition to comparing the functional capacities of control and genetically modified lymphocytes, we can also determine the T cell stimulatory capacity of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in vivo, as shown in our representative results using transplanted CFSE-labeled OT-I T cells.

Lymphocytes are the major players in adaptive immune responses. Here, we present a lymphocyte purification protocol to determine the physiological functions of the desired molecules in lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. The described experimental procedures are suitable for comparing functional capacities between control and genetically modified lymphocytes.

İzolasyon ve murin lenfositlerin aktivasyonu

B and T cells, with their extremely diverse antigen-receptor repertoires, have the ability to mount specific immune responses against almost any invading ...

Isolating Lymphocytes from the Mouse Small Intestinal Immune System

The intestinal immune system plays an essential role in maintaining the barrier function of the gastrointestinal tract by generating tolerant responses to dietary antigens and commensal bacteria while mounting effective immune responses to enteropathogenic microbes. In addition, it has become clear that local intestinal immunity has a profound impact on distant and systemic immunity. Therefore, it is important to study how an intestinal immune response is induced and what the immunologic outcome of the response is. Here, a detailed protocol is described for the isolation of lymphocytes from small intestine inductive sites like the gut-associated lymphoid tissue Peyer&#39;s patches and the draining mesenteric lymph nodes and effector sites like the lamina propria and the intestinal epithelium. This technique ensures isolation of a large numbers of lymphocytes from small intestinal tissues with optimal purity and viability and minimal cross compartmental contamination within acceptable time constraints. The technical capability to isolate lymphocytes and other immune cells from intestinal tissues enables the understanding of immune responses to gastrointestinal infections, cancers, and inflammatory diseases.

Here we describe a detailed protocol for the isolation of lymphocytes from the inductive sites including the gut-associated lymphoid tissue Peyer&#39;s patches and the draining mesenteric lymph nodes, and the effector sites including the lamina propria and the intestinal epithelium of the small intestinal immune system.

Lenfositler fare küçük bağırsak bağışıklık sistemi yalıtma

The intestinal immune system plays an essential role in maintaining the barrier function of the gastrointestinal tract by generating tolerant responses to ...

Determination of Regulatory T Cell Subsets in Murine Thymus, Pancreatic Draining Lymph Node and Spleen Using Flow Cytometry

Our immune system consists of a number and variety of immune cells including regulatory T cells (Treg) cells. Treg cells can be divided into two subsets, thymic derived Treg (tTreg) cells and peripherally induced Treg (pTreg) cells. They are present in different organs of our body and can be distinguished by specific markers, such as Helios and Neuropilin 1. It has been reported that tTreg cells are functionally more suppressive than pTreg cells. Therefore, it is important to determine the proportion of both tTreg and pTreg cells when investigating heterogeneous cell populations. Herein, we collected thymic glands, pancreatic draining lymph nodes and spleens from normoglycemic non-obese diabetic mice to distinguish tTreg cells from pTreg cells using flow cytometry. We manually prepared single cell suspensions from these organs. Fluorochrome conjugated surface CD4, CD8, CD25, and Neuropilin 1 antibodies were used to stain the cells. They were kept in the fridge overnight. On the next day, the cells were stained with fluorochrome conjugated intracellular Foxp3 and Helios antibodies. These markers were used to characterize the two subsets of Treg cells. This protocol demonstrates a simple but practical way to prepare single cells from murine thymus, pancreatic draining lymph node and spleen and use them for subsequent flow cytometric analysis.

Herein, we present a protocol to prepare single cells from murine thymus, pancreatic draining lymph node and spleen to further study these cells using flow cytometry. In addition, this protocol was used for determining the subsets of regulatory T cells using flow cytometry.

Düzenleyici T hücre alt kümeleri içinde fare timus, lenf nodu ve dalak akışı sitometresi kullanarak drene pankreas belirlenmesi

Our immune system consists of a number and variety of immune cells including regulatory T cells (Treg) cells. Treg cells can be divided into two subsets, ...

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Murine B Cell Development

Extensive studies have characterized the development and differentiation of murine B cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Antibodies secreted by B cells have been isolated and developed into well-established therapeutics. Validation of murine B cell development, in the context of autoimmune prone mice, or in mice with modified immune systems, is a crucial component of developing or testing therapeutic agents in mice and is an appropriate use of flow cytometry. Well established B cell flow cytometric parameters can be used to evaluate B cell development in the murine peritoneum, bone marrow, and spleen, but a number of best practices must be adhered to. In addition, flow cytometric analysis of B cell compartments should also complement additional readouts of B cell development. Data generated using this technique can further our understanding of wild type, autoimmune prone mouse models as well as humanized mice that can be used to generate antibody or antibody-like molecules as therapeutics.

We describe herein a simple analysis of the heterogeneity of the murine immune B cell compartment in the peritoneum, spleen, and bone marrow tissues by flow cytometry. The protocol can be adapted and extended to other mouse tissues.

Murine B Hücre Gelişiminin Akış Sitometrik Karakterizasyonu

Extensive studies have characterized the development and differentiation of murine B cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Antibodies secreted by B cells ...

Isolation of Uterine Innate Lymphoid Cells for Analysis by Flow Cytometry

Described here is a simple method to isolate and phenotype mouse group 1 uterine innate lymphoid cells (g1 uILCs) from individual pregnant uterus by flow cytometry. The protocol describes how to set up time mating to obtain multiple synchronous dams, the mechanical and enzymatic digestion of the pregnant uterus, the staining of single-cell suspensions, and a FACS strategy to phenotype and discriminate g1 uILCs. Although this method inevitably loses the spatial information of cellular distribution within the tissue, the protocol has been successfully applied to determine uILC heterogeneity, their response to maternal and foetal factors affecting pregnancy, their gene expression profile, and their functions.

This is a method to isolate uterine lymphoid cells from both pregnant and non-pregnant mice. This method can be used for multiple downstream applications such as FACS phenotyping, cell sorting, functional assays, RNA-seq, and proteomics. The protocol here demonstrates how to phenotype group 1 uterine innate lymphoid cells by flow cytometry.

Akış Sitometrisi ile Analiz için Uterus Doğuştan Gelen Lenfoid Hücrelerin İzolasyonu

Described here is a simple method to isolate and phenotype mouse group 1 uterine innate lymphoid cells (g1 uILCs) from individual pregnant uterus by flow ...

Co-Culture of Murine Small Intestine Epithelial Organoids with Innate Lymphoid Cells

Complex co-cultures of organoids with immune cells provide a versatile tool for interrogating the bi-directional interactions that underpin the delicate balance of mucosal homeostasis. These 3D, multi-cellular systems offer a reductionist model for addressing multi-factorial diseases and resolving technical difficulties that arise when studying rare cell types such as tissue-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). This article describes a murine system that combines small intestine organoids and small intestine lamina propria derived helper-like type-1 ILCs (ILC1s), which can be readily extended to other ILC or immune populations. ILCs are a tissue-resident population that is particularly enriched in the mucosa, where they promote homeostasis and rapidly respond to damage or infection. Organoid co-cultures with ILCs have already begun shedding light on new epithelial-immune signaling modules in the gut, revealing how different ILC subsets impact intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and regeneration. This protocol will enable further investigations into reciprocal interactions between epithelial and immune cells, which hold the potential to provide new insights into the mechanisms of mucosal homeostasis and inflammation.

This protocol offers detailed instructions for establishing murine small intestine organoids, isolating type-1 innate lymphoid cells from the murine small intestine lamina propria, and establishing 3-dimensional (3D) co-cultures between both cell types to study bi-directional interactions between intestinal epithelial cells and type-1 innate lymphoid cells.

Murin İnce Bağırsak Epitel Organoidlerinin Doğuştan Lenfoid Hücrelerle Ko-Kültürü

Complex co-cultures of organoids with immune cells provide a versatile tool for interrogating the bi-directional interactions that underpin the delicate ...

Analysis of Cell Suspensions Isolated from Solid Tissues by Spectral Flow Cytometry

Flow cytometry has been used for the past 40 years to define and analyze the phenotype of lymphoid and other hematopoietic cells. Initially restricted to the analysis of a few fluorochromes, currently there are dozens of different fluorescent dyes, and up to 14-18 different dyes can be combined at a time. However, several limitations still impair the analytical capabilities. Because of the multiplicity of fluorescent probes, data analysis has become increasingly complex due to the need of large, multi-parametric compensation matrices. Moreover, mutant mouse models carrying fluorescent proteins to detect and trace specific cell types in different tissues have become available, so the analysis (by flow cytometry) of auto-fluorescent cell suspensions obtained from solid organs is required. Spectral flow cytometry, which distinguishes the shapes of emission spectra along a wide range of continuous wavelengths, addresses some of these problems. The data is analyzed with an algorithm that replaces compensation matrices and treats auto-fluorescence as an independent parameter. Thus, spectral flow cytometry should be capable of discriminating fluorochromes with similar emission peaks and can provide a multi-parametric analysis without compensation requirements.
This protocol describes the spectral flow cytometry analysis, allowing for a 21-parameter (19 fluorescent probes) characterization and the management of an auto-fluorescent signal, providing high resolution in minor population detection. The results presented here show that spectral flow cytometry presents advantages in the analysis of cell populations from tissues difficult to characterize in conventional flow cytometry, such as the heart and the intestine. Spectral flow cytometry thus demonstrates the multi-parametric analytical capacity of high-performing conventional flow cytometry without the requirement for compensation and enables auto-fluorescence management.

This article describes spectral cytometry, a new approach in flow cytometry that uses the shapes of emission spectra to distinguish fluorochromes. An algorithm replaces compensations and can treat auto-fluorescence as an independent parameter. This new approach allows for the proper analysis of cells isolated from solid organs.

Spektral Sitometrisi ile Katı Dokular İzole Hücre Cezalar Analizi

Flow cytometry has been used for the past 40 years to define and analyze the phenotype of lymphoid and other hematopoietic cells. Initially restricted to ...

Biyoloji

The Isolation of Flowing Mesenteric Lymph in Mice to Quantify In Vivo Kinetics of Dietary Lipid Absorption and Chylomicron Secretion

Intestinal lipoproteins, especially triglyceride-rich chylomicrons, are a major driver of metabolism, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. However, isolating intestinal lipoproteins is very difficult in vivo because they are first secreted from the small intestine into the mesenteric lymphatics. Chylomicron-containing lymph then empties into the subclavian vein from the thoracic duct to deliver components of the meal to the heart, lungs, and, ultimately, whole-body circulation. Isolating na&#239;ve chylomicrons is impossible from blood since chylomicron triglyceride undergoes hydrolysis immediately upon interaction with lipoprotein lipase and other lipoprotein receptors in circulation. Therefore, the original 2-day lymph fistula procedure, described by Bollman et al. in rats, has historically been used to isolate fresh mesenteric lymph before its entry into the thoracic vein. That protocol has been improved upon and professionalized by the laboratory of Patrick Tso for the last 45 years, allowing for the analysis of these critical lipoproteins and secretions from the gut. The Tso lymph fistula procedure has now been updated and is presented here visually for the first time. This revised procedure is a single-day surgical technique for installing a duodenal feeding tube, cannulating the mesenteric lymph duct, and collecting lymph after a meal in conscious mice. The major benefits of these new techniques include the ability to reproducibly collect lymph from mice (which harnesses the power of genetic mouse models); the reduced anesthesia time for mice during the implantation of the duodenal infusion tube and the lymph cannula; the ability to continuously sample lymph throughout the feeding and post-prandial period; the ability to quantitatively measure hormones and cytokines before their dilution and enzymatic hydrolysis in blood; and the ability to collect large quantities of lymph for isolating intestinal lipoproteins. This technique is a powerful tool for directly and quantitatively measuring dietary nutrient absorption, intestinal lipoprotein synthesis, and chylomicron secretion.

The Isolation of Flowing Mesenteric Lymph in Mice to Quantify In Vivo Kinetics of Dietary Lipid Absorption and Chylomicron Secretion

The present protocol describes a detailed surgical protocol for isolating flowing intestinal lymph in response to intraduodenal nutrient infusions in mice. This allows for the physiological determination of total intestinal lipid absorption and chylomicron synthesis and secretion in response to various experimental nutrients.

Diyet Lipid Emiliminin ve Şilomikron Sekresyonunun İn Vivo Kinetiğini Ölçmek için Farelerde Akan Mezenterik Lenflerin İzolasyonu

Intestinal lipoproteins, especially triglyceride-rich chylomicrons, are a major driver of metabolism, inflammation, and cardiovascular diseases. However, ...