Bu eser Charles Hood Vakfı Tıp ve Çocuk Sağlığı Araştırma Ödülü, Yale School of tarafından finanse edildi.

1. Yeniden programlanması Faktörler ifade Retrovirus tarafından yeniden programlama <ol><li> İnsan fibroblastlar fibroblast ortamı (10% Pen / Strep ile DMEM içinde FBS) kültürlenmiştir. </li><li> 6-iyi plaka iyi birine enfeksiyonu bir gün önce, plaka 1x10 5 insan fibroblastları. </li><li> Ölü hücreleri çıkarmak ve taze fibroblast orta 2 ml eklemek için orta aspire. 5 ug / ml &#39;lik nihai bir konsantrasyon protamin sülfat ekleyin. </li><li> Dikkatli bir enfeksiyon çokluğu (İçişleri Bakanlığı) 5 5 karşılık gelen her GFP-ifade virüs uygun miktarda ekleyin. </li><li> 2 ml fibroblast orta ekleyin, bir gün sonra enfeksiyon, viral süpernatant kaldırmak 2 ml PBS ile üç kez yıkayın. </li><li> Üç gün enfeksiyondan sonra, GFP flöresanı kontrol etmek ve 2 ml fibroblast ortam ile de takviye. </li><li> Bir üzerine fibroblast ortamda dört gün enfeksiyondan sonra, plaka 1x10 ışınlanmış fare embriyonik fibroblast 4 / cm 2 (MEFS) besleyici hücreler10-santimetrelik bir petri tabağına% 0.1 jelatin ile kaplanır. 37 ° C&#39;da gece boyunca inkübe edilir. </li><li> Beş gün enfeksiyondan sonra, 1 ml% 0.05 typsin / EDTA 5 dakika boyunca 37 ° C&#39;de ve 200 g hızında 5 dakika boyunca santrifüj ile enfekte insan fibroblastlar ayırmak. Ortamı aspire ve fibroblast orta 10ml ile tekrar süspansiyon hücreleri. Bir ön-kaplamalı 10 cm-plakası içine hücreleri transfer edin. </li><li> 24 saat sonra, hESC kültür ortamı (% 20 Knock-Out serum yerine, DMEM/F12, 0.1 ml Esansiyel olmayan amino asitler, 4 ng / ml bFGF, Pen / Strep / Glutamat, beta-merceptoethanol) ile orta yerine. Günlük orta değiştirin. ESC gibi koloniler enfeksiyondan sonra günde 20-27 tarafından görünmeye başlayacaktır. </li></ol> 2. IPSCs izolasyonu ve Genişletme <ol><li> Bir floresan mikroskop altında, hESC benzer bir morfoloji gösteren bir kolonide GFP floresans olmaması için kontrol edin. </li><li> Bir 10 ul pipet kullanarak, bireysel iPSC koloniler almak ve bir jelatin ve MEF-COA iyi birine koyunted 12-iyi plaka ve hESC orta ile desteklenmiş. Günlük orta değiştirin. </li><li> Pasajlanmasını için, DMEM/F12 1 ml yıkama plakası, daha sonra kollajenaz 0.5 mL, 37 ve 10 dakika boyunca kuluçkaya ° C. </li><li> DMEM/F12 ile iki kez yıkanır hücreleri. </li><li> Taze hESC orta 2 ml ekleyin. Bir hücre hırsızı kullanarak, küçük parçalar halinde koloniler parçalamak ve plakadan kalan hücreler ayırmak. </li><li> Jelatin ve MEF kaplı 6-iyi plaka iyi birine kolonilerin süspanse adet aktarın. </li></ol> 3. Pluripotent Markers immünofloresan Analizi <ol><li> PBS ile üç kez yıkanır hücreleri ve oda sıcaklığında 20 dakika için% 4 paraformaldehit ile sabitlemek. </li><li> Yavaşça ile% 0.2 Triton 30 dakika süreyle PBS içinde X-100. PBS ile üç kez hücreleri yıkayıp geçirgenliği </li><li> Iki saat süreyle PBS içinde% 3 BSA ile kuluçkaya hücreleri tarafından spesifik olmayan bağlanma bloke eder. </li><li> 4 &#39;de bir gece primer antikor ile birlikte inkübe hücreleri ° C. </li> &lt;li&gt; PBS ile üç kez yıkanır hücreleri ve ışıktan koruyucu, oda sıcaklığında bir saat boyunca belirli bir sekonder antikor ile hücreleri inkübe edilir. </li><li> 5 dakika boyunca oda sıcaklığında inkübe edildi, son yıkama sırasında PBS ve eklentinin DAPI ile hücreleri, üç kez yıkanır. </li><li> Bir floresan mikroskop ile boyama algılar. </li></ol> 4. Pluripotent Markers için Kantitatif Real-time PCR <ol><li> Qiagen Kullanıcı RNeasy kiti kullanılarak, insan fibroblastlarının türetilmiş insan iPSCs toplam RNA izole edin. </li><li> Üst Simge II Reverse Transcriptase kullanarak ilk iplikli cDNA sentez. </li><li> Daha önce rapor primerler kullanılarak pluripotency genleri tespit etmek qPCR gerçekleştirin. 6 </li></ol> 5.. Temsilcisi Sonuçlar <ol><li> Yeniden programlama sırasında Morfolojik değişim Biz OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 ve MYC taşıyan retrovirüslerin bir kokteyl ile insan fibroblastları BJ1 ve Detroit 551 enfekteve (Şekil 1) yeniden programlama sırasında morfolojik değişiklikler tespit edebildi. Yirmi bir gün enfeksiyondan sonra, onların hESC benzeri morfolojisi ile küçük iPSC koloniler farkındayız. Ayrıca, GFP floresan iPSCs farkındayız. Böyle EKH ve iPSCs olarak pluripotent kök hücreler, proviral gen 7-9 bastırmak için moleküler makineler ifade. Bizim eşsiz retroviral vektörü retroviral LTR genleri yeniden programlama ile birlikte GFP ifade eder. Böylece sürekli GFP salgılayan hücrelerin proviral gen suskunluğu olmadan transgenlerin ifade etmek için kabul edilir. Pluripotency moleküler ağ elde Sadakatle reprogrammed iPSC koloniler GFP (Şekil 2) 10 olmadığını göstermektedir. </li><li> Insan iPSCs ve pluripotency Karakterizasyonu Biz Tra-1-81, Tra-1-60, SSEA-4, SSEA-3, OCT4 ve NANOG antikorlar (imünohistokimya ile Detroit-551 fibroblastlar türetilen koloniler analiz <strong&gt; Tablo 2). Başarıyla yeniden programlanması iPSCs bu belirteçler (Şekil 3A) tüm ifade. Ayrıca, kantitatif RT-PCR analizi ile gen ifadesi analiz edilmiştir. Biz OCT4 ifadesi, SOX2, KLF4, MYC ve NANOG anlamlı ebeveyn fibroblast hücreleri ile karşılaştırıldığında artmış ancak H9 hESC (Şekil 3B) bu ile orantılı olduğu görülmektedir. </li></ol><img alt="Şekil 1" src="/files/ftp_upload/3804/3804fig1.jpg" /> Şekil 1.. Retrovirüs-enfekte insan fibroblastları morfolojik değişiklikler. (AD) yeniden programlama faktörleri ile enfekte Detroit-551 fibroblastlardan koloniler Progressive morfolojik değişim. Gün 5 (A), 10 gün (B), Günlük 14 (C), günde 21 (D). Hücreler 21 gün sonra hESC benzeri morfoloji göstermektedir. <img alt="Şekil 2" src="/files/ftp_upload/3804/3804fig2.jpg" /> Şekil 2. Reprogramming giren hücrelerde Temsilcisi GFP floresan ifade. </strong&gt; BJ ve Detroit 551 fibroblastlar retrovirüs dört yeniden programlama faktörleri 4 ifade ile enfekte ve dört hafta boyunca hESC ortamda inkübe edildi. BJ fibroblast (A, B) ve Detroit 551 (C, D) morfolojik benzer göstermektedir. Günlük 21, GFP negatif koloniler iyi niyetli iPSCs 10 temsil eden oluşturmaya başlar. (E, F) uygun reprogramming uğramamış Detroit 551 hücreler dönüştürdü göstermektedir. Faz kontrast görünümü altında (A, C, E) koloniler. (B, D) düzgün GFP susturulması göstermek hücrelerin yeniden programlanması. Transforme koloni (F) parlak GFP. <img alt="Şekil 3" src="/files/ftp_upload/3804/3804fig3.jpg" /> Şekil 3. Insan kaynaklı pluripotent kök hücrelerin karakterizasyonu. (A) İnsan 551-iPS-K1 hücre kolonilerinin pluripotent hücreler için ortak işaretleri ifade. DAPI boyama alan başına toplam hücre içeriğini gösterir. Ebeveyn f (B) Kantitatif gerçek OCT4 ifade için zaman-PCR (RT-qPCR), SOX2, KLF4, MYCibroblast, 551-iPS-K1 iPSCs ve H9 insan embriyonik kök hücreleri (hESC). Veri β-aktin housekeeping gen karşı normalize ve ebeveyn fibroblast hücreleri 4 ifadesi seviyesine göre çizildi.

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<p class="jove_content"&gt; Biz ifşa hiçbir şey yok.</p

IPSCs dört transkripsiyon faktörleri reprograms insan fibroblast Anlatım. Pek çok klinik deneme güvenli iPSCs üretmek için non-entegre olan ya da olmayan genetik yaklaşım kullanılarak insan iPSCs üretmek için yapılmıştır. Şimdiye kadar, bu yöntemler son derece düşük verimlilik göstermek ve tekrarlanabilirlik 11-14 geliştirmek için daha fazla optimizasyon gerektirir. Retro-ya lentiviral yöntemlerle kolayca elde ve viral entegrasyon kaynaklanan sorunları emniyet az bağımlı olan ...

<table><tbody><tr><td>DMEM/F12</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>11330057</td><td>80%</td></tr><tr><td>Knockout Serum Replacer</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>10828-028</td><td>20%</td></tr><tr><td>L-Glutamine (200 mM)</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>25030081</td><td>2 mM</td></tr><tr><td>Nonessential Amino Acids (10 mM)</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>11140050</td><td>0.1 mM</td></tr><tr><td>&amp;#946;-Mercapt&amp;#8211;thanol (14.3 M) or MTG</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>M-6250</td><td>0.1 mM</td></tr><tr><td>bFGF-2 10 &amp;mu;g/ml</td><td>GIBCO, by Life Technologies</td><td>GF003AF</td><td>4 ng/ml</td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin/Streptomycin</td><td>EMD Millipore</td><td>15140-122</td><td>1%</td></tr><tr><td>DMEM</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>11965118</td><td>90%</td></tr><tr><td>FBS</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>10407028</td><td>10%</td></tr><tr><td>Penicillin/Streptomycin</td><td>EMD Millipore</td><td>15140-122</td><td>1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4">&lt;strong&gt;Table 1. Culture Medium&lt;/strong&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>OCT4</td><td>Abcam</td><td>Ab19857</td><td>1:500</td></tr><tr><td>SSEA3</td><td>EMD Millipore</td><td>MAB4303</td><td>1:100</td></tr><tr><td>SSEA4</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>BD560218</td><td>1:100</td></tr><tr><td>Tra-1-81</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>BD560173</td><td>1:100</td></tr><tr><td>Tra-1-60</td><td>BD Biosciences</td><td>BD560174</td><td>1:100</td></tr><tr><td>NANOG</td><td>Abcam</td><td>Ab21624</td><td>1:500</td></tr><tr><td>Alexa-Flur 488</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>A11008</td><td>1:1000</td></tr><tr><td>Alexa-Flur 555</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>A21422</td><td>1:1000</td></tr><tr><td>DAPI</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>D1306</td><td>1:5000</td></tr><tr><td>pMIG-OCT4</td><td>Addgene</td><td>17225</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pMIG-SOX2</td><td>Addgene</td><td>17226</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pMIG-KLF4</td><td>Addgene</td><td>17227</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>pMIG-MYC</td><td>Addgene</td><td>18119</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Collagenase type IV</td><td>Invitrogen</td><td>17104019</td><td>1mg/ml</td></tr><tr><td>Gelatin, Porcine</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>G 1890</td><td>0.1%</td></tr><tr><td>Triton</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>X100-500ML</td><td>0.2%</td></tr><tr><td>Paraformaldehyde</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>47608</td><td>4%</td></tr><tr><td>BSA</td><td>American Bioanalytical</td><td>AB01800</td><td>3%</td></tr><tr><td>MEF feeder cells</td><td>EMD Millipore</td><td>PMEF-N</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cell Lifter</td><td>Corning</td><td>3008</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fluorescent microscopy: inverted microscope with GFP filter</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4">&lt;strong&gt;Table 2. Reagents and equipment&lt;/strong&gt;</td></tr></tbody></table>

reprogramming human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs) using retroviral vector with gfp

İnsan embriyonik kök hücreleri (hESC) pluripotent ve in vitro hastalığı modelleme ve rejeneratif tıp 1 de için paha biçilmez bir hücresel kaynaklarıdır. Daha önce insan somatik hücre dört transkripsiyon faktörlerinin ektopik ifade (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 ve Myc) tarafından pluripotency yeniden yapılandırılabilir ve uyarılan pluripotent kök hücreler (iPSCs) 2-4 olabildiği gösterilmiştir. HESC gibi, insan iPSCs pluripotent ve otolog hücre için potansiyel bir kaynaktır. Burada GFP içeren retroviral omurgası 4 klonlanmış dört yeniden programlama faktörleri ile insan fibroblast hücreleri yeniden programlamayı protokolü tanımlar. Aşağıdaki protokolü kullanarak, insan ESC kültür koşullarında 3-4 hafta içerisinde insan iPSCs oluşturur. İnsan iPSC koloniler yakından morfolojisi hESC benzeyen ve retroviral transgen susturulması bir sonucu olarak GFP flöresanı kaybı gösterir. iPSC koloniler bir floresan microsco altında mekanik olarak izolepe hESC gibi benzer bir şekilde davranırlar. Bu hücreler, biz çok pluripotency genlerin ve yüzey belirteçleri ifadesi algılar.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP at JoVE.com

Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

OCT4 bir retrovirüs-aracılı ektopik ifadesi ile insan kaynaklı hücreler pluripotent kök (iPSCs) üretmek için bir yöntem olup, SOX2, KLF4 ve MYC tarif edilmektedir. GFP dayanarak insan iPSC koloniler tespit etmek pratik bir yolu da tartışılmaktadır.

GFP Retroviral Vector kullanarak İsteyerek Pluripotent Kök Hücrelerinin (iPSCs) içine İnsan somatik hücreleri yeniden programlama

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and an invaluable cellular sources for in vitro disease modeling and regenerative medicine1. It has ...

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Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

20.4K Görüntüleme.  Yale School of Medicine. OCT4 bir retrovirüs-aracılı ektopik ifadesi ile insan kaynaklı hücreler pluripotent kök (iPSCs) üretmek için bir yöntem olup, SOX2, KLF4 ve MYC tarif edilmektedir. GFP dayanarak insan iPSC koloniler tespit etmek pratik bir yolu da tartışılmaktadır.

Video: Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP

Transfection, Selection, and Colony-picking of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells TALEN-targeted with a GFP Gene into the AAVS1 Safe Harbor

Targeted transgene addition can provide persistent gene expression while circumventing the gene silencing and insertional mutagenesis caused by viral vector mediated random integration. This protocol describes a universal and efficient transgene targeted addition platform in human iPSCs based on utilization of validated open-source TALENs and a gene-trap-like donor to deliver transgenes into a safe harbor locus. Importantly, effective gene editing is rate-limited by the delivery efficiency of gene editing vectors. Therefore, this protocol first focuses on preparation of iPSCs for transfection to achieve high nuclear delivery efficiency. When iPSCs are dissociated into single cells using a gentle-cell dissociation reagent and transfected using an optimized program, >50% cells can be induced to take up the large gene editing vectors. Because the AAVS1 locus is located in the intron of an active gene (PPP1R12C), a splicing acceptor (SA)-linked puromycin resistant gene (PAC) was used to select targeted iPSCs while excluding random integration-only and untransfected cells. This strategy greatly increases the chance of obtaining targeted clones, and can be used in other active gene targeting experiments as well. Two weeks after puromycin selection at the dose adjusted for the specific iPSC line, clones are ready to be picked by manual dissection of large, isolated colonies into smaller pieces that are transferred to fresh medium in a smaller well for further expansion and genetic and functional screening. One can follow this protocol to readily obtain multiple GFP reporter iPSC lines that are useful for in vivo and in vitro imaging and cell isolation.

TALEN-mediated gene editing at the safe harbor AAVS1 locus enables high-efficiency transgene addition in human iPSCs. This protocol describes the procedures for preparing iPSCs for TALEN and donor vector delivery, transfecting iPSCs, and selecting and isolating iPSC clones to achieve targeted integration of a GFP gene to generate reporter lines.

Transfeksiyon, Seçim ve İnsan uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin Colony-toplama AAVS1 Safe Harbor içine GFP geninin ile TALEN-hedefli

Targeted transgene addition can provide persistent gene expression while circumventing the gene silencing and insertional mutagenesis caused by viral ...

Gelişim Biyolojisi

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Frozen Buffy Coats using Non-integrating Episomal Plasmids

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by forcing the expression of four transcription factors (Oct-4, Sox-2, Klf-4, and c-Myc), typically expressed by human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Due to their similarity with hESCs, iPSCs have become an important tool for potential patient-specific regenerative medicine, avoiding ethical issues associated with hESCs. In order to obtain cells suitable for clinical application, transgene-free iPSCs need to be generated to avoid transgene reactivation, altered gene expression and misguided differentiation. Moreover, a highly efficient and inexpensive reprogramming method is necessary to derive sufficient iPSCs for therapeutic purposes. Given this need, an efficient non-integrating episomal plasmid approach is the preferable choice for iPSC derivation. Currently the most common cell type used for reprogramming purposes are fibroblasts, the isolation of which requires tissue biopsy, an invasive surgical procedure for the patient. Therefore, human peripheral blood represents the most accessible and least invasive tissue for iPSC generation.
In this study, a cost-effective and viral-free protocol using non-integrating episomal plasmids is reported for the generation of iPSCs from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) obtained from frozen buffy coats after whole blood centrifugation and without density gradient separation.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a source of patient-specific tissues for clinical applications and basic research. Here, we present a detailed protocol to reprogram human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) obtained from frozen buffy coats into viral-free iPSCs using non-integrating episomal plasmids.

Bütünleşmeyen episomal plasmidler kullanılarak dondurulmuş Buffy tüylerdeki uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin üretilmesi

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by forcing the expression of four transcription factors (Oct-4, Sox-2, ...

Three-dimensional Quantification of Dendritic Spines from Pyramidal Neurons Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Dendritic spines are small protrusions that correspond to the post-synaptic compartments of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. They are distributed along the dendrites. Their morphology is largely dependent on neuronal activity, and they are dynamic. Dendritic spines express glutamatergic receptors (AMPA and NMDA receptors) on their surface and at the levels of postsynaptic densities. Each spine allows the neuron to control its state and local activity independently. Spine morphologies have been extensively studied in glutamatergic pyramidal cells of the brain cortex, using both in vivo approaches and neuronal cultures obtained from rodent tissues. Neuropathological conditions can be associated to altered spine induction and maturation, as shown in rodent cultured neurons and one-dimensional quantitative analysis 1. The present study describes a protocol for the 3D quantitative analysis of spine morphologies using human cortical neurons derived from neural stem cells (late cortical progenitors). These cells were initially obtained from induced&#160;pluripotent stem cells. This protocol allows the analysis of spine morphologies at different culture periods, and with possible comparison between induced&#160;pluripotent stem cells obtained from control individuals with those obtained from patients with psychiatric diseases.

Dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons are the sites of most excitatory synapses in mammalian brain cortex. This method describes a 3D quantitative analysis of spine morphologies in human cortical pyramidal glutamatergic neurons derived from induced&#160;pluripotent stem cells.

İnsan uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin türetilmiş Piramidal Nöronlar gelen Dendritik Spine Üç boyutlu Niceleme

Dendritic spines are small protrusions that correspond to the post-synaptic compartments of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. They are ...

Reprogramming Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts with Transcription Factors to Induce a Hemogenic Program

This protocol details the induction of a hemogenic program in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) via overexpression of transcription factors (TFs). We first designed a reporter screen using MEFs from human CD34-tTA/TetO-H2BGFP (34/H2BGFP) double transgenic mice. CD34+ cells from these mice label H2B histones with GFP, and cease labeling upon addition of doxycycline (DOX). MEFS were transduced with candidate TFs and then observed for the emergence of GFP+ cells that would indicate the acquisition of a hematopoietic or endothelial cell fate. Starting with 18 candidate TFs, and through a process of combinatorial elimination, we obtained a minimal set of factors that would induce the highest percentage of GFP+ cells. We found that Gata2, Gfi1b, and cFos were necessary and the addition of Etv6 provided the optimal induction. A series of gene expression analyses done at different time points during the reprogramming process revealed that these cells appeared to go through a precursor cell that underwent an endothelial to hematopoietic transition (EHT). As such, this reprogramming process mimics developmental hematopoiesis "in a dish," allowing study of hematopoiesis in vitro and a platform to identify the mechanisms that underlie this specification. This methodology also provides a framework for translation of this work to the human system in the hopes of generating an alternative source of patient-specific hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for a number of applications in the treatment and study of hematologic diseases.

The protocol described here details the induction of a hemogenic program in mouse embryonic fibroblasts via overexpression of a minimal set of transcription factors. This technology may be translated to the human system to provide platforms for future study of hematopoiesis, hematologic disease, and hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Transkripsiyon Faktörleri ile fare embriyonik fibroblastlar yeniden programlama bir Hemogenic Programı tetikleyebilecek

This protocol details the induction of a hemogenic program in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) via overexpression of transcription factors (TFs). We ...

Generating iPS Cells from MEFS through Forced Expression of Sox-2, Oct-4, c-Myc, and Klf4

Pluripotency can be induced in differentiated murine by viral transduction of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006; Wernig, et al., 2007; Okita, et al., 2007; Maherali, et al., 2007). We have devised a reprogramming strategy in which these four transcription factors are expressed from doxycycline (dox)-inducible lentiviral vectors (Brambrink et al., 2008). Using these inducible constructs, we can derive induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). In this video, we demonstrate the procedure for the generation of inducible lentiviruses that express the four transcription factors and show how to infect MEFs with these viruses in order to produce iPS cells. By using inducible lentiviruses, the expression of the four factors in controlled by the addition of doxycyline to the culture medium. The advantage of this system over the traditional retroviral infection is the ability to turn the genes on and off so that the kinetics of reprogramming and gene expression requirements can be analyzed in detail.

This video shows the procedure for generating induced pluripotent stem cells using inducible lentivirus that express Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4.

Sox-2 Zorla İfade yoluyla MEFS iPS Hücreler oluşturma, Eki 4, c-Myc ve Klf4

Pluripotency can be induced in differentiated murine by viral transduction of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (Takahashi and Yamanaka, 2006;  Wernig, et al., ...

Biyoloji

RNA-based Reprogramming of Human Primary Fibroblasts into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have proven to be a valuable tool to study human development and disease. Further advancing iPSCs as a regenerative therapeutic requires a safe, robust, and expedient reprogramming protocol. Here, we present a clinically relevant, step-by-step protocol for the extremely high-efficiency reprogramming of human dermal fibroblasts into iPSCs using a non-integrating approach. The core of the protocol consists of expressing pluripotency factors (SOX2, KLF4, cMYC, LIN28A, NANOG, OCT4-MyoD fusion) from in vitro transcribed messenger RNAs synthesized with modified nucleotides (modified mRNAs). The reprogramming modified mRNAs are transfected into primary fibroblasts every 48 h together with mature embryonic stem cell-specific microRNA-367/302 mimics for two weeks. The resulting iPSC colonies can then be isolated and directly expanded in feeder-free conditions. To maximize efficiency and consistency of our reprogramming protocol across fibroblast samples, we have optimized various parameters including the RNA transfection regimen, timing of transfections, culture conditions, and seeding densities. Importantly, our method generates high-quality iPSCs from most fibroblast sources, including difficult-to-reprogram diseased, aged, and/or senescent samples.

Here we describe a clinically relevant, high-efficiency, feeder-free method to reprogram human primary fibroblasts into induced pluripotent stem cells using modified mRNAs encoding reprogramming factors and mature microRNA-367/302 mimics. Also included are methods to assess reprogramming efficiency, expand clonal iPSC colonies, and confirm expression of the pluripotency marker TRA-1-60.

RNA tabanlı insan birincil fibroblastlar indüklenmiş Pluripotent kök hücre yeniden programlama

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have proven to be a valuable tool to study human development and disease. Further advancing iPSCs as a regenerative ...

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells by Reprogramming Human Fibroblasts with the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing the pluripotent state in mouse fibroblasts.1 The same group also reported the successful reprogramming of human somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using human versions of the same transcription factors delivered by retroviral vectors.2 Additionally, James Thomson et al. reported that the lentivirus-mediated co-expression of another set of factors (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and Lin28) was capable of reprogramming human somatic cells into iPS cells.3
iPS cells are similar to ES cells in morphology, proliferation and the ability to differentiate into all tissue types of the body. Human iPS cells have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction. The generation of patient-specific iPS cells circumvents an important roadblock to personalized regenerative medicine therapies by eliminating the potential for immune rejection of non-autologous transplanted cells.
Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming human fibroblast cells using the Stemgent Human TF Lentivirus Set. We also show that cells reprogrammed with this set begin to show iPS morphology four days post-transduction. Using the Stemolecule Y27632, we selected for iPS cells and observed correct morphology after three sequential rounds of colony picking and passaging. We also demonstrate that after reprogramming cells displayed the pluripotency marker AP, surface markers TRA-1-81, TRA-1-60, SSEA-4, and SSEA-3, and nuclear markers Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog.

We demonstrate the protocol for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from human somatic cells using lentivirus-mediated delivery of the human factors Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and Lin28. Pluripotency was confirmed by morphology and the presence of embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific markers.

Stemgent İnsan TF lentivirüs İnsan Fibroblastlar yeniden programlanması Bağlı Pluripotent Kök Hücre Üretimi ayarla

In 2006, Yamanaka and colleagues first demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 is capable of inducing ...

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs)1. While improvements in several gene delivery methods have been described2-9, transfection remains a capricious process for HESCs, and has not yet been reported in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this video, we demonstrate how our lab routinely transfects and nucleofects human iPSCs using plasmid with an enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) reporter. Human iPSCs are adapted and maintained as feeder-free cultures to eliminate the possibility of feeder cell transfection and to allow efficient selection of stable transgenic iPSC clones following transfection. For nucleofection, human iPSCs are pre-treated with ROCK inhibitor11, trypsinized into small clumps of cells, nucleofected and replated on feeders in feeder cell-conditioned medium to enhance cell recovery. Transgene-expressing human iPSCs can be obtained after 6 hours. Antibiotic selection is applied after 24 hours and stable transgenic lines appear within 1 week. Our protocol is robust and reproducible for human iPSC lines without altering pluripotency of these cells.

Despite recent advancements in genetic modification, transfection of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs) remains a capricious process. To our knowledge, systematic and efficient methods to transfect human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have not been reported. Here, we describe robust protocols to efficiently transfect and nucleofect human iPSCs.

İnsan İsteyerek Pluripotent Kök Hücreler transfekte ve Nucleofecting

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human ...

Selecting and Isolating Colonies of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Reprogrammed from Adult Fibroblasts

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc (OSKM) in the presence of sodium butyrate 1-3. We used this method to reprogram late passage (&gt;p10) human adult fibroblasts derived from Friedreich's ataxia patient (GM03665, Coriell Repository). The reprogramming approach includes highly efficient transduction protocol using repetitive centrifugation of fibroblasts in the presence of virus-containing media. The reprogrammed hiPSC colonies were identified using live immunostaining for Tra-1-81, a surface marker of pluripotent cells, separated from non-reprogrammed fibroblasts and manually passaged 4,5. These hiPSC were then transferred to Matrigel plates and grown in feeder-free conditions, directly from the reprogramming plate. Starting from the first passage, hiPSC colonies demonstrate characteristic hES-like morphology. Using this protocol more than 70% of selected colonies can be successfully expanded and established into cell lines. The established hiPSC lines displayed characteristic pluripotency markers including surface markers TRA-1-60 and SSEA-4, as well as nuclear markers Oct3/4, Sox2 and Nanog. 
The protocol presented here has been established and tested using adult fibroblasts obtained from Friedreich's ataxia patients and control individuals 6, human newborn fibroblasts, as well as human keratinocytes.

We present a protocol for efficient reprogramming of human somatic cells into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc (OSKM) and identification of correctly reprogrammed hiPSC by live staining with Tra-1-81 antibody.

İnsan İsteyerek Pluripotent Kök Hücre seçme ve ayırma Kolonileri Yetişkin Fibroblastlar gelen reprogrammed

Herein we present a protocol of reprogramming human adult fibroblasts into human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using retroviral vectors encoding ...

Efficient Generation Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Somatic Cells with Sendai-virus

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs include modeling pathogenesis of human genetic diseases, autologous cell therapy after gene correction, and personalized drug screening by providing a source of patient-specific and symptom relevant cells. However, there are several hurdles to overcome, such as eliminating the remaining reprogramming factor transgene expression after human iPSCs production. More importantly, residual transgene expression in undifferentiated human iPSCs could hamper proper differentiations and misguide the interpretation of disease-relevant in vitro phenotypes. With this reason, integration-free and/or transgene-free human iPSCs have been developed using several methods, such as adenovirus, the piggyBac system, minicircle vector, episomal vectors, direct protein delivery and synthesized mRNA. However, efficiency of reprogramming using integration-free methods is quite low in most cases.
Here, we present a method to isolate human iPSCs by using Sendai-virus (RNA virus) based reprogramming system. This reprogramming method shows consistent results and high efficiency in cost-effective manner.

Here, we present our established method to reprogram human somatic cells into transgene-free human iPSCs with Sendai virus, which shows consistent outcome and enhanced efficiency.

Sendai-virüs ile İnsan Somatik Verimli Üretimi İnsan uyarılmış pluripotent kök hücrelerin

A few years ago, the establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) ushered in a new era in biomedicine. Potential uses of human iPSCs ...