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Core - Cell Biology

    Chapter 21

    Principles of Cell Signaling

    21.1 : Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

    21.1 : Overview of Cell Signaling

    Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. ...

    20.1K views
    21.2 : Types of Signaling Molecules01:32

    21.2 : Types of Signaling Molecules

    In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small ...

    10.1K views
    21.3 : Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors01:28

    21.3 : Types of Receptors: Cell Surface Receptors

    Cell-surface receptors, also known as transmembrane receptors, are cell surface, membrane-anchored (integral) proteins that bind to external ligand ...

    16.7K views
    21.4 : Types of Receptors: Internal Receptors01:07

    21.4 : Types of Receptors: Internal Receptors

    Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the ...

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    21.5 : Assembly of Signaling Complexes01:30

    21.5 : Assembly of Signaling Complexes

    Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane ...

    5.7K views
    21.6 : Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

    21.6 : Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

    Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse ...

    6.2K views
    21.7 : Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers01:15

    21.7 : Amplifying Signals via Second Messengers

    Many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic; they do not cross the cell membrane but bind to cell-surface receptors. Thus, their message must be relayed ...

    6.7K views
    21.8 : Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

    21.8 : Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

    When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or ...

    8.3K views
    21.9 : Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

    21.9 : Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

    The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and ...

    6.4K views
    21.10 : Cell Signaling Feedback Loops01:07

    21.10 : Cell Signaling Feedback Loops

    Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output ...

    6.2K views
    21.11 : Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

    21.11 : Cell Signaling in Plants

    Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the ...

    5.6K views
    21.12 : Plant Hormones

    21.12 : Plant Hormones

    Plant hormones—or phytohormones—are chemical molecules that modulate one or more physiological processes of a plant. In animals, hormones are ...

    5.0K views
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