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Chapter 15
The muscular system includes the skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles that coordinate with each other to carry out functions like movement, digestion, ...
Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle. Muscle fascicle arrangement is directly associated with the power and range of motion of ...
The skeletal muscles can coordinate, oppose, or assist each other to facilitate voluntary body movements. Depending on their function, a muscle or group ...
Skeletal muscle names are based on various factors, such as location, physical traits, and functions. Often, muscle names indicate their location. For ...
Skeletal muscles are mainly divided into two groups: the axial and the appendicular. The axial muscles present along the body's midline are primarily ...
The muscles responsible for facial expressions usually originate in the fascia of deeper muscles or skull bones and insert into the skin. As a result, any ...
The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for ...
The anterior neck muscles are classified as suprahyoid and infrahyoid based on their position relative to the hyoid bone. The suprahyoid muscles — ...
Multiple neck muscles help to balance the head and facilitate its movement at the atlanto-occipital joint. For example, the bilateral sternocleidomastoid, ...
The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: ...
The deep thoracic intercostal muscles and the diaphragm are crucial for breathing. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscular structure separating the ...
The abdominal wall encircles the abdominal cavity, providing flexible protection and shielding the internal organs from harm. It is bordered at the top by ...
The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, ...
The shoulder muscles provide stability and mobility to the shoulder joint. The anterior shoulder muscles include the subclavius, pectoralis minor, and ...
Arm muscles are categorized into axial and scapular muscles. The two axial muscles are the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi. The pectoralis major has ...
Muscles that move the forearm flex and extend at the elbow joint and pronate and supinate at the radioulnar joints. The biceps brachii, brachialis, and ...
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location ...
The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, ...
The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh. Anterior ...
The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into ...
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