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Chapter 1

Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Prawa i teorie naukowe
Prawa i teorie naukowe
Scientific Laws In science, a law is defined as a concise, verbal or mathematical, statement that summarizes a vast number of experimental observations. ...
Metoda naukowa
Metoda naukowa
Chemistry is an empirical science. Scientists often pose questions to understand the chemistry in everyday life and seek answers to these questions. To ...
Klasyfikacja materii według stanu
Klasyfikacja materii według stanu
Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, ...
Klasyfikacja materii ze względu na skład
Klasyfikacja materii ze względu na skład
Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and ...
Właściwości fizyczne i chemiczne materii
Właściwości fizyczne i chemiczne materii
The characteristics that enable us to distinguish one substance from another are called properties. Physical Properties of Matter A physical property is ...
Co to jest energia?
Co to jest energia?
The universe is composed of matter in different forms, and all forms of matter contain energy.  The different forms of energy on Earth originate from ...
Pomiar: Jednostki standardowe
Pomiar: Jednostki standardowe
Every measurement provides three kinds of information: the size or magnitude of the measurement (a number), a standard of comparison for the measurement ...
Miara: Jednostki pochodne
Miara: Jednostki pochodne
The International System of Units or SI system, by international agreement, has fixed measurement units for seven fundamental properties: length, mass, ...
Niepewność pomiaru: dokładność i precyzja
Niepewność pomiaru: dokładność i precyzja
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy ...
Niepewność pomiaru: przyrządy do odczytu
Niepewność pomiaru: przyrządy do odczytu
Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such ...
Niepewność pomiaru: liczby znaczące
Niepewność pomiaru: liczby znaczące
All the digits in a measurement, including the uncertain last digit, are called significant figures or significant digits. Note that zero may be a ...
Analiza wymiarowa
Analiza wymiarowa
Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach ...
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