이 작품은 NSFDMI-0508454, NSF / LEQSF (2006) - Pfund-53, NSF-CMMI-0811888, 그리고 NSF-CMMI-0900595 보조금을 통해 부분적으로 지원되었다.

<ol>
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M., Howe, R. T., Muller, R. S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Surface+micromachining+for+microelectromechanical+systems.">Surface micromachining for microelectromechanical systems.</a> Proceedings of the IEEE. 86, 1552 (1998).</li><li>Liu, X., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intermediate-layer+lithography+for+producing+metal+micropatterns.">Intermediate-layer lithography for producing metal micropatterns.</a> Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B. 25, 677 (2007).</li><li>Chakraborty, A., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Multiple+conducting+polymer+microwire+sensors.">Multiple conducting polymer microwire sensors.</a> Microsystem Technologies. 15, 1737 (2009).</li><li>Chakraborty, A., Liu, X., Luo, C., Mason, E. C., Weber, A. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Polypyrrole: A new patterning approach and applications. Polypyrrole: Properties, Performance and Applications. , (2011).</li><li>Poddar, R., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=A+novel+approach+to+fabricate+a+PPy/p-type+Si+heterojunction.">A novel approach to fabricate a PPy/p-type Si heterojunction.</a> Solid-State Electronics. 50, 1687 (2006).</li><li>Liu, X., Chakraborty, A., Luo, C., Martingale, J. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=.">.</a> Generation of all-polymeric diodes and capacitors using an innovative intermediate-layer lithography. Progress in Solid State Electronics Research. , 127-139 (2008).</li><li>Liu, X., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+Au+sidewall+micropatterns+using+a+Si-reinforced+PDMS+mold.">Fabrication of Au sidewall micropatterns using a Si-reinforced PDMS mold.</a> Sensors and Actuators A. 152, 96 (2009).</li><li>Liu, X., Chakraborty, A., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+micropatterns+on+the+sidewalls+of+a+thermal+shape+memory+polystyreme+block.">Fabrication of micropatterns on the sidewalls of a thermal shape memory polystyreme block.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 20, 095025 (2010).</li><li>Chakraborty, A., Liu, X., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+micropatterns+on+channel+sidewalls+using+strain-recovery+property+of+a+shape-memory+polymer.">Fabrication of micropatterns on channel sidewalls using strain-recovery property of a shape-memory polymer.</a> Sensors and Actuators A. , (2011).</li><li>Liu, X., Luo, C. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Fabrication+of+supe-hydrophobic+channels.">Fabrication of supe-hydrophobic channels.</a> Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering. 20, 25029 (2010).</li><li>Luo, C., Meng, F., Liu, X., Guo, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Reinforcement+of+PDMS+master+using+an+oxide-coated+silicon+plate.">Reinforcement of PDMS master using an oxide-coated silicon plate.</a> Microelectronics Journal. 37, 5 (2006).</li><li>Luo, C., Garra, J., Schneider, T., White, R., Currie, J., Paranjape, M. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Thermal+ablation+of+PMMA+for+water+release+using+a+microheater.">Thermal ablation of PMMA for water release using a microheater.</a> Sensors and Actuators A. 114, 123 (2004).</li></ol>

관심의 어떠한 충돌 선언 없습니다.

문제 해결 정보 : &quot;절단&quot;작업을 사용하여 고분자와 금속을 수행 단일 및 다중 레이어 micropatterns의 생성에 관한 중요 사항 : (1) 엠보싱의 온도는 최적의 결과를 생성하는 중간 PMMA 계층의 유동성을 보장합니다. 그것은 범위의 하한선에서 시작하고 원하는 결과가 달성되지 않은 경우 점차 온도를 높이는 것이 좋습니다. 너무 높은 온도는 화학 물질 및 / 또는 전기적 특성을 변경하...

<table border="1"><tbody><tr><td> 시약의 이름 </td><td> 회사 </td><td> 카탈로그 번호 </td><td> 댓글 </td></tr><tr><td> PMMA </td><td> 시그마 - 올드 리치 (주) </td><td> 495C9 </td><td> 용매는 cholorobenzene입니다. 적절한 환기와 퓸 후드 아래 PMMA 솔루션을 취급하고 있습니다. 증기를 호흡​​하지 마십시오. 안전 취급 지침은 MSDS를 참조하십시오. </td></tr><tr><td> PPy </td><td> 시그마 - 올드 리치 (주) </td><td> - </td><td> 물에 무게 약 5 %. 로 사용할 받았습니다. </td></tr><tr><td> PEDOT-PSS </td><td> HC Starck (주) </td><td> V4 Baytron P HC </td><td> 용매 독점적. 로 사용할 받았습니다. </td></tr><tr><td> SPANI </td><td> 시그마 - 올드 리치 (주) </td><td> - </td><td> 수용성 형태. 로 사용할 받았습니다. </td></tr><tr><td> 핫 엠보싱 기계 </td><td> JenoptikMikrotechnik (주) </td><td> HEX 01/LT </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 기계를 스퍼터 </td><td> Cressington (주) </td><td> 208HR </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 악의없는 거짓말 기계 </td><td> 자이스 혈구 (주) </td><td> 악의없는 거짓말 대들보 1,540 XB </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 스핀 coater </td><td> 전진 Reseach (주) </td><td> PWM32-PS-R790의 스피너 시스템 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> RIE 기계 </td><td> 학술적 MicroRIE (주) </td><td> - </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 포토 레지스트 </td><td> 쉬플리 (주) </td><td> S1813 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> PDMS </td><td> 다우 코닝 </td><td> Sylgard 184 실리콘 엘라스토머 키트 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> HDPE 시트 </td><td> 미국 플라스틱은 통합 </td><td> - </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> PMMA 시트 </td><td> Cyro (주) </td><td> - </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 양면 adhesiv전자 테이프 </td><td> 스카치 (주) </td><td> - </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 싱글 양면 테이프 </td><td> Delphon (주) </td><td> # 1310을 Ultratape </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 유리 micropipettes </td><td> FHC (주) </td><td> 30-30-1 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 클립 </td><td> 오피스 디포 (주) </td><td> 불독 클립 </td><td></td></tr><tr><td> 가습기 </td><td> Vicks (주) </td><td> 필터 무료 가습기 </td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

micropunching lithography for generating micro- and submicron-patterns on polymer substrates

실시 폴리머는 1977 1 도핑된 polyacetylene 높은 전도성의 발견 이후 큰 주목을 받고있다. 그들은 낮은 중량, 특성에 맞게 조정하고 쉽게 응용 프로그램을 2,3의 다양한 스펙트럼의 장점을 제공합니다. 이러한 자료 4 작업할 때 환경 조건에 폴리머를 수행 감도로 인해 (예 : 공기, 산소, 습기, 고온 및 화학 솔루션), 리소그래피 기술은 중요한 기술적인 과제를 제시. 예를 들어, 울트라 바이올렛 (UV)와 같은 현재의 photolithographic 방법은, 이러한 방법의 습식 및 / 또는 드라이 에칭 프로세스의 개입으로 인해 patterning 실시 폴리머하기에 적합합니다. 또한, 현재의 마이크로 / nanosystems는 주로 평면 형태로 5,6있다. 구조의 한 계층은 조작 기능의 또 다른 레이어의 상단 표면에 내장되어 있습니다. 이러한 구조의 여러 레이어에 여러 장치를 형성하기 위해 함께 정렬됩니다일반적인 기판. microstructures의 측벽 표면은 건설 장비에 사용되지 않았습니다. 한편, 측벽 패턴이 수정 유체 채널 및 나노 와이어와 나노튜브를 직접 수평 성장을 3 차원 회로를 구축하는 데 예를 들어, 사용될 수 있습니다. macropunching 방법은 수백 년 동안 판금의 macropatterns를 만드는 제조 산업에 적용되었습니다. 이 방법에 의해 동기, 우리는 고분자를 실시하고 측벽 패턴을 생성 patterning의 장애물을 극복하기 micropunching 리소그래피 방법 (MPL)를 개발했습니다. 및 (ii) 본 그림은 (i) 절단 : macropunching 방법과 마찬가지로, MPL은 또한 두 작업 (그림 1)가 포함되어 있습니다. &quot;절단&quot;작업 패턴 셋 전도 폴리머 4, polypyrrole (PPy), 폴리 (3,4 - ethylenedioxythiophen) - 폴리 (4 styrenesulphonate) (PEDOT)과 polyaniline (PANI)에 적용되었다. 또한 알루미늄 microstructures에게 7 만드는 고용되었다. 폴리머를 수행 가공 microstructures은 습도가 8, 화학 8, 포도당 센서를 9로 사용되었습니다. 알 및 실시 폴리머의 결합 microstructures은 콘덴서 및 각종 heterojunctions 9,10,11를 조작하기 위해 고용되었다. &quot;절단&quot;수술은 또 100과 같은 submicron - 패턴을 생성하기 위해 적용되었다 -와 500 nm의 범위 PPy 라인뿐만 아니라, 100-nm의 범위의 Au 와이어. &quot;그림&quot;수술은 두 개의 애플 리케이션을 위해 고용되었다 :는 (i) 고밀도 폴리에틸렌 (HDPE) 3D 마이크로 12,13,14 구축에 사용될 수있는 채널에의 Au 측벽 패턴을 생산하고, (ii) 본 polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropillars를 조작 HDPE 기판에 채널 15 연락처 각도를 높일 수 있습니다.

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Micropunching Lithography for Generating Micro- and Submicron-patterns on Polymer Substrates at JoVE.com

Micropunching Lithography for Generating Micro- and Submicron-patterns on Polymer Substrates

micropunching 리소그래피 방식이 생성하는 마이크로와 submicron 패턴 위, 측벽 및 폴리머 기판의 바닥 표면을 개발하고 있습니다. 그것은 patterning이 폴리머를 실시하고 측벽 패턴을 생성하는 장애물을 극복. 이 방법은 여러 기능의 신속한 제조가 가능하며 적극적인 화학 무료입니다.

마이크로 및 Submicron 패턴 폴리머 기판을 생성하기위한 리소그래피를 Micropunching

Conducting polymers have attracted great attention since the discovery of high conductivity in doped polyacetylene in 19771. They offer the advantages of ...

micropunching-lithography-for-generating-micro-submicron-patterns-on

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15.1K 조회수.  University of Texas at Arlington. micropunching 리소그래피 방식이 생성하는 마이크로와 submicron 패턴 위, 측벽 및 폴리머 기판의 바닥 표면을 개발하고 있습니다. 그것은 patterning이 폴리머를 실시하고 측벽 패턴을 생성하는 장애물을 극복. 이 방법은 여러 기능의 신속한 제조가 가능하며 적극적인 화학 무료입니다.

비디오: Micropunching Lithography for Generating Micro- and Submicron-patterns on Polymer Substrates

Ultrahigh Density Array of Vertically Aligned Small-molecular Organic Nanowires on Arbitrary Substrates

In recent years &pi;-conjugated organic semiconductors have emerged as the active material in a number of diverse applications including large-area, low-cost displays, photovoltaics, printable and flexible electronics and organic spin valves. Organics allow (a) low-cost, low-temperature processing and (b) molecular-level design of electronic, optical and spin transport characteristics. Such features are not readily available for mainstream inorganic semiconductors, which have enabled organics to carve a niche in the silicon-dominated electronics market. The first generation of organic-based devices has focused on thin film geometries, grown by physical vapor deposition or solution processing. However, it has been realized that organic nanostructures can be used to enhance performance of above-mentioned applications and significant effort has been invested in exploring methods for organic nanostructure fabrication.	
A particularly interesting class of organic nanostructures is the one in which vertically oriented organic nanowires, nanorods or nanotubes are organized in a well-regimented, high-density array. Such structures are highly versatile and are ideal morphological architectures for various applications such as chemical sensors, split-dipole nanoantennas, photovoltaic devices with radially heterostructured "core-shell" nanowires, and memory devices with a cross-point geometry. Such architecture is generally realized by a template-directed approach. In the past this method has been used to grow metal and inorganic semiconductor nanowire arrays. More recently &pi;-conjugated polymer nanowires have been grown within nanoporous templates. However, these approaches have had limited success in growing nanowires of technologically important &pi;-conjugated small molecular weight organics, such as tris-8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum (Alq3), rubrene and methanofullerenes, which are commonly used in diverse areas including organic displays, photovoltaics, thin film transistors and spintronics.	
Recently we have been able to address the above-mentioned issue by employing a novel "centrifugation-assisted" approach. This method therefore broadens the spectrum of organic materials that can be patterned in a vertically ordered nanowire array. Due to the technological importance of Alq3, rubrene and methanofullerenes, our method can be used to explore how the nanostructuring of these materials affects the performance of aforementioned organic devices. The purpose of this article is to describe the technical details of the above-mentioned protocol, demonstrate how this process can be extended to grow small-molecular organic nanowires on arbitrary substrates and finally, to discuss the critical steps, limitations, possible modifications, trouble-shooting and future applications.

We report a simple method for fabricating an ultrahigh density array of vertically ordered small-molecular organic nanowires. This method allows for synthesis of complex heterostructured hybrid nanowire geometries, which can be inexpensively grown on arbitrary substrates. These structures have potential applications in organic electronics, optoelectronics, chemical sensing, photovoltaics and spintronics.

임의 기판에 수직으로 정렬 작은 분자 유기 나노 와이어의 초 밀도 배열

In  recent years &pi;-conjugated  organic semiconductors have emerged as the active material in a number of  diverse applications including large-area, ...

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공학

Micro-masonry for 3D Additive Micromanufacturing

Transfer printing is a method to transfer solid micro/nanoscale materials (herein called &#8216;inks&#8217;) from a substrate where they are generated to a different substrate by utilizing elastomeric stamps. Transfer printing enables the integration of heterogeneous materials to fabricate unexampled structures or functional systems that are found in recent advanced devices such as flexible and stretchable solar cells and LED arrays. While transfer printing exhibits unique features in material assembly capability, the use of adhesive layers or the surface modification such as deposition of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on substrates for enhancing printing processes hinders its wide adaptation in microassembly of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) structures and devices. To overcome this shortcoming, we developed an advanced mode of transfer printing which deterministically assembles individual microscale objects solely through controlling surface contact area without any surface alteration. The absence of an adhesive layer or other modification and the subsequent material bonding processes ensure not only mechanical bonding, but also thermal and electrical connection between assembled materials, which further opens various applications in adaptation in building unusual MEMS devices.

This paper introduces a 3D additive micromanufacturing strategy (termed &#8216;micro-masonry&#8217;) for the flexible fabrication of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) structures and devices. This approach involves transfer printing-based assembly of micro/nanoscale materials in conjunction with rapid thermal annealing-enabled material bonding techniques.

Transfer printing is a method to transfer solid micro/nanoscale materials (herein called &#8216;inks&#8217;) from a substrate where they are generated to ...

Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes

Solvated polymer brushes are well known to lubricate high-pressure contacts, because they can sustain a positive normal load while maintaining low friction at the interface. Nevertheless, these systems can be sensitive to wear due to interdigitation of the opposing brushes. In a recent publication, we have shown via molecular dynamics simulations and atomic force microscopy experiments, that using an immiscible polymer brush system terminating the substrate and the slider surfaces, respectively, can eliminate such interdigitation. As a consequence, wear in the contacts is reduced. Moreover, the friction force is two orders of magnitude lower compared to traditional miscible polymer brush systems. This newly proposed system therefore holds great potential for application in industry. Here, the methodology to construct an immiscible polymer brush system of two different brushes each solvated by their own preferred solvent is presented. The procedure how to graft poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) from a flat surface and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) from an atomic force microscopy (AFM) colloidal probe is described. PNIPAM is solvated in water and PMMA in acetophenone. Via friction force AFM measurements, it is shown that the friction for this system is indeed reduced by two orders of magnitude compared to the miscible system of PMMA on PMMA solvated in acetophenone.

The methodology to perform friction force microscopy experiments for contacting brushes is presented: Two polymer brushes that are grafted from (a) substrates and (b) colloidal probes are slid to show that, by using two contacting immiscible brush systems, friction in sliding contacts is reduced compared to miscible brush systems.

고분자 브러쉬를 반대 섞이지의 준비 및 마찰 힘 현미경 측정,

Solvated polymer brushes are well known to lubricate high-pressure contacts, because they can sustain a positive normal load while maintaining low ...

Electroactive Polymer Nanoparticles Exhibiting Photothermal Properties

A method for the synthesis of electroactive polymers is demonstrated, starting with the synthesis of extended conjugation monomers using a three-step process that finishes with Negishi coupling. Negishi coupling is a cross-coupling process in which a chemical precursor is first lithiated, followed by transmetallation with ZnCl2. The resultant organozinc compound can be coupled to a dibrominated aromatic precursor to give the conjugated monomer. Polymer films can be prepared via electropolymerization of the monomer and characterized using cyclic voltammetry and ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. Nanoparticles (NPs) are prepared via emulsion polymerization of the monomer using a two-surfactant system to yield an aqueous dispersion of the polymer NPs. The NPs are characterized using dynamic light scattering, electron microscopy, and UV-Vis-NIR-spectroscopy. Cytocompatibility of NPs is investigated using the cell viability assay. Finally, the NP suspensions are irradiated with a NIR laser to determine their effectiveness as potential materials for photothermal therapy (PTT).

A protocol is presented for the synthesis and preparation of nanoparticles consisting of electroactive polymers.

전기 활성 고분자 나노 입자 출전 광열 등록

A method for the synthesis of electroactive polymers is demonstrated, starting with the synthesis of extended conjugation monomers using a three-step ...

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5

We present a high-temperature and high-pressure gas adsorption measurement device based on a high-frequency oscillating microbalance (5 MHz langatate crystal microbalance, LCM) and its use for gas adsorption measurements in zeolite H-ZSM-5. Prior to the adsorption measurements, zeolite H-ZSM-5 crystals were synthesized on the gold electrode in the center of the LCM, without covering the connection points of the gold electrodes to the oscillator, by the steam-assisted crystallization (SAC) method, so that the zeolite crystals remain attached to the oscillating microbalance while keeping good electroconductivity of the LCM during the adsorption measurements. Compared to a conventional quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) which is limited to temperatures below 80 &#176;C, the LCM can realize the adsorption measurements in principle at temperatures as high as 200-300 &#176;C (i.e., at or close to the reaction temperature of the target application of one-stage DME synthesis from the synthesis gas), owing to the absence of crystalline-phase transitions up to its melting point (1,470 &#176;C). The system was applied to investigate the adsorption of CO2, H2O, methanol and dimethyl ether (DME), each in the gas phase, on zeolite H-ZSM-5 in the temperature and pressure range of 50-150 &#176;C and 0-18 bar, respectively. The results showed that the adsorption isotherms of these gases in H-ZSM-5 can be well fitted by Langmuir-type adsorption isotherms. Furthermore, the determined adsorption parameters, i.e., adsorption capacities, adsorption enthalpies, and adsorption entropies, compare well to literature data. In this work, the results for CO2 are shown as an example.

A protocol for high-temperature and high-pressure gas adsorption measurements on zeolite H-ZSM-5 using an adsorption measurement device based on a langatate crystal microbalance is presented. Prior to the adsorption measurements, the synthesis of zeolite H-ZSM-5 on the langatate crystal microbalance sensor by the steam-assisted crystallization (SAC) method is demonstrated.

제올라이트 고온 고압의 가스 흡착 용 Langatate 크리스탈 마이크로 밸런스 기준 흡착 기기 H-ZSM-5

We present a high-temperature and high-pressure gas adsorption measurement device based on a high-frequency oscillating microbalance (5 MHz langatate ...

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic&#8211;Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

The photoactive layer of a typical organic thin-film bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell commonly uses fullerene derivatives as the electron-accepting material. However, fullerene derivatives are air-sensitive; therefore, air-stable material is needed as an alternative. In the present study, we propose and describe the properties of Ti-alkoxide as an alternative electron-accepting material to fullerene derivatives to create highly air-stable BHJ solar cells. It is well-known that controlling the morphology in the photoactive layer, which is constructed with fullerene derivatives as the electron acceptor, is important for obtaining a high overall efficiency through the solvent method. The conventional solvent method is useful for high-solubility materials, such as fullerene derivatives. However, for Ti-alkoxides, the conventional solvent method is insufficient, because they only dissolve in specific solvents. Here, we demonstrate a new approach to morphology control that uses the molecular bulkiness of Ti-alkoxides without the conventional solvent method. That is, this method is one approach to obtain highly efficient, air-stable, organic-inorganic bulk-heterojunction solar cells.

A method for fully printable, fullerene-free, highly air-stable, bulk-heterojunction solar cells based on Ti alkoxides as the electron acceptor and the electron-donating polymer fabrication is described here. Moreover, a method for controlling the morphology of the photoactive layer through the molecular bulkiness of the Ti-alkoxide units is reported.

에 Ti-알콕사이드와 반도체 성 고분자를 기반으로 어느 정도의 인쇄 가능한 유기 - 무기 대량 이종 접합 태양 전지에 대한 형태 제어

The photoactive layer of a typical organic thin-film bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell commonly uses fullerene derivatives as the electron-accepting ...

Fabrication of Polymer Microspheres for Optical Resonator and Laser Applications

This paper describes three methods of preparing fluorescent microspheres comprising &#960;-conjugated or non-conjugated polymers: vapor diffusion, interface precipitation, and mini-emulsion. In all methods, well-defined, micrometer-sized spheres are obtained from a self-assembling process in solution. The vapor diffusion method can result in spheres with the highest sphericity and surface smoothness, yet the types of the polymers able to form these spheres are limited. On the other hand, in the mini-emulsion method, microspheres can be made from various types of polymers, even from highly crystalline polymers with coplanar, &#960;-conjugated backbones. The photoluminescent (PL) properties from single isolated microspheres are unusual: the PL is confined inside the spheres, propagates at the circumference of the spheres via the total internal reflection at the polymer/air interface, and self-interferes to show sharp and periodic resonant PL lines. These resonating modes are so-called "whispering gallery modes" (WGMs). This work demonstrates how to measure WGM PL from single isolated spheres using the micro-photoluminescence (&#181;-PL) technique. In this technique, a focused laser beam irradiates a single microsphere, and the luminescence is detected by a spectrometer. A micromanipulation technique is then used to connect the microspheres one by one and to demonstrate the intersphere PL propagation and color conversion from coupled microspheres upon excitation at the perimeter of one sphere and detection of PL from the other microsphere. These techniques, &#181;-PL and micromanipulation, are useful for experiments on micro-optic application using polymer materials.

Protocols for the synthesis of microspheres from polymers, the manipulation of microspheres, and micro-photoluminescence measurements are presented.

광 공진기 및 레이저 응용을위한 고분자 미소 구의 제조

This paper describes three methods of preparing fluorescent microspheres comprising &#960;-conjugated or non-conjugated polymers: vapor diffusion, ...

Fabrication of Periodic Gold Nanocup Arrays Using Colloidal Lithography

Within recent years, the field of plasmonics has exploded as researchers have demonstrated exciting applications related to chemical and optical sensing in combination with new nanofabrication techniques. A plasmon is a quantum of charge density oscillation that lends nanoscale metals such as gold and silver unique optical properties. In particular, gold and silver nanoparticles exhibit localized surface plasmon resonances-collective charge density oscillations on the surface of the nanoparticle-in the visible spectrum. Here, we focus on the fabrication of periodic arrays of anisotropic plasmonic nanostructures. These half-shell (or nanocup) structures can exhibit additional unique light-bending and polarization-dependent optical properties that simple isotropic nanostructures cannot. Researchers are interested in the fabrication of periodic arrays of nanocups for a wide variety of applications such as low-cost optical devices, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and tamper indication. We present a scalable technique based on colloidal lithography in which it is possible to easily fabricate large periodic arrays of nanocups using spin-coating and self-assembled commercially available polymeric nanospheres. Electron microscopy and optical spectroscopy from the visible to near-infrared (near-IR) was performed to confirm successful nanocup fabrication. We conclude with a demonstration of the transfer of nanocups to a flexible, conformal adhesive film.

We demonstrate the fabrication of periodic gold nanocup arrays using colloidal lithographic techniques and discuss the importance of nanoplasmonic films.

콜 로이드 리소 그래피를 사용 하 여 정기적 금 Nanocup 배열의 제작

Within recent years, the field of plasmonics has exploded as researchers have demonstrated exciting applications related to chemical and optical sensing ...

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 (STO) Single-crystal Substrates

Here, we demonstrate a method of coating ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) nanoparticles on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. LSMO nanoparticles were deposited with diameters from 10 to 20 nm and heights between 20 and 50 nm. At the same time, (Gd) Ba2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948; ((Gd) BCO) films were fabricated on both undecorated and LSMO nanoparticle decorated STO substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. This report also describes the properties of GdBa2Cu3O7&#8722;&#948;/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 quasi-bilayer films structures (e.g., crystalline phase, morphology, chemical composition); magnetization, magneto-transport, and superconducting transport properties were also evaluated.

Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering of GdBa2Cu3O7ÃƒÆ’Ã‚Â¢Ãƒâ€¹Ã¢â‚¬Â 'ÃƒÆ’Ã…Â½ Â´/ La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 Quasi-bilayer Films on SrTiO3 STO Single-crystal Substrates

Here, we present a protocol to grow LSMO nanoparticles and (Gd) BCO films on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio frequency (RF)-sputtering.

고주파 마 그 네트 론 스퍼터 링 GdBa2Cu3O7−δ의 라0.67SrTiO3 (STO) 단 결정 기판에 Sr0.33MnO3 준 bilayer 영화 /

Here, we demonstrate a method of coating ferromagnetic La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO) nanoparticles on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) single-crystal substrates by radio ...

Generating Lap Joints Via Friction Stir Spot Welding on DP780 Steel

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW), a derivative of friction stir welding (FSW), is a solid-state welding technique that was developed in 1991. An industry application was found in the automotive industry in 2003 for the aluminum alloy that was used in the rear doors of automobiles. Friction stir spot welding is mostly used in Al alloys to create lap joints. The benefits of friction stir spot welding include a nearly 80% melting temperature that lowers the thermal deformation welds without splashing compared to resistance spot welding. Friction stir spot welding includes 3 steps: plunging, stirring, and retraction. In the present study, other materials including high strength steel are also used in the friction stir welding method to create joints. DP780, whose traditional welding process involves the use of resistance spot welding, is one of several high strength steel materials used in the automotive industry. In this paper, DP780 was used for friction stir spot welding, and its microstructure and microhardness were measured. The microstructure data showed that there was a fusion zone with fine grain and a heat effect zone with island martensite. The microhardness results indicated that the center zone exhibited a greater degree of hardness compared with the base metal. All data indicated that the friction stir spot welding used in dual phase steel 780 can create a good lap joint. In the future, friction stir spot welding can be used in high-strength steel welding applied in industrial manufacturing processes.

Here, we present a friction stir spot welding (FSSW) protocol on dual phase 780 steel. A tool pin with high-speed rotation generates heat from friction to soften the material, and then, the pin plunges into 2 sheet joints to create the lap joint.

DP780 강철의 마찰 교반 점 용접을 통해 랩 조인트 생성

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW), a derivative of friction stir welding (FSW), is a solid-state welding technique that was developed in 1991. An industry ...