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24.7 : Calculations of Electric Potential II

An electric dipole is a system of two equal but opposite charges, separated by a fixed distance. This system is used to model many real-world systems, including atomic and molecular interactions. One of these systems is the water molecule, but only under certain circumstances. These circumstances are met inside a microwave oven, where electric fields with alternating directions make the water molecules change orientation. This vibration is equivalent to heat at the molecular level.

Consider a dipole with charges 2 nC and -2 nC, with a separation of 2 cm between them, situated at the origin. What will be the electric potential due to this dipole at positions A (5 cm, 0, 0), and B (0, 5 cm, 0)?

Static equilibrium diagram; electric charges at points A(5,0), B(0,5) nC vectors on axes.

The electric potential due to the dipole is given by the following equation

Electric field potential equation, V=(1/4πε₀)(qd cosθ/r²), electrostatics concept.

For position A, the electric potential is calculated on the x-axis, for which the angle between the position vector and the dipole moment is 90 degrees. Therefore the electric potential due to the given electric dipole at position A is

Static equilibrium equation, VA=0, related to mechanical balance concepts.

For position B, the electric potential is calculated on the y-axis, for which the angle between the position vector and the dipole moment is 0 degrees. Therefore the electric potential due to the given electric dipole at position B is

Electric potential formula V<sub>B</sub> in electrostatics; mathematical equation analysis.

Voltage equation \(V_B=144V\) for circuit analysis and electrical calculations.

Tags

Electric DipoleElectric PotentialChargesMolecular InteractionsWater MoleculeMicrowave OvenAlternating Electric FieldsDipole MomentPosition APosition BCalculation

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24.7 : Calculations of Electric Potential II

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24.6 : 전위 계산 I

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24.8 : 등전위 표면(Equipotential Surfaces)과 필드 라인(Field Lines)

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24.9 : 등전위 표면 및 도체

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24.10 : 전위에서 전기장 결정

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24.12 : Van de Graaff 발전기

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24.13 : 전하 분포와 관련된 에너지

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24.14 : 정전기 경계 조건

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24.15 : 두 번째 고유성 정리

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