この作品は、K INBRE P20GM103418、カンザス大豆委員会 (KSC/PSU 1663 年)、ACS PRF 56629 UNI7 と SS にすべて電源ユニット高分子化学スタートアップ資金によってサポートされます。ビデオと彼の顕著な仕事のため大学のビデオグラファー、ジェイコブ アンセルミ氏に感謝いたします。我々 もありがとう氏のロジャー ・ Heckert と夫人カタ Heckert 研究のための彼らの寛大なサポート。

1. 合成と多パラメトリック磁気蛍光ナノセンサー (MFnS) の機能化。
<ol><li>超常磁性酸化鉄の合成ナノ粒子 (IONPs) <ol><li>IONP 合成に備えて準備次の 3 ソリューション: ソリューション 1: した FeCl 3 (0.70 g) とした FeCl 2 H 2 O (2 mL)、ソリューション 2: NH 4 ああ (2.0 mL、13.4 M) H 2 O (15 mL)、ソリューション 3: ポリアクリル酸 (0.855 g) H 2 O (5 mL).</li>
		<li>は、ソリューション 1 に 2 M 塩酸 (HCl) の 90 μ l 添加しすぐに 875 rpm でボルテックスしながらソリューション 2 を混ぜます。解決策 3 を追加します。60 分のボルテックスを続ける</li>
		<li>1,620 x g に 20 分間遠心遠心 2,880 x g に 20 分間清</li>
		<li>は、透析による最終的な上澄みを浄化します。透析バッグに上澄みを追加 (MWCO 6 &#8722; 8 K)、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水 (PBS) が含まれているビーカーに配置 (pH = 7.4) とスピン バー。それはすべて 2-3 h. 新鮮なバッファーに置き換えて、12 時間浸してみましょう</li>
	</ol></li> <li>IONPs の表面にターゲット固有の抗体の共役 <ol><li>次の 4 つのソリューションを準備: ソリューション a: 5 mg 1-エチル - 3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) 250 μ L MES のカルボジイミド塩酸塩 (EDC) [2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic 酸] バッファー (0.1 M、pH = 6.8)、ソリューション b: 3 mg N-(NHS) の MES バッファーの 250 μ L (0.1 M、pH = 6.8)、IgG1、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水 (PBS) (pH 7.4) の 225 μ L で、大腸菌 mAb のソリューション c: 5 μ g、IONP ソリューション d: 4 ml (5.0 m モル) を 1 mL の PBS (pH 7.4)。</li>
		<li>追加 2 (N Morpholino) ethanesulfonic 酸 (MES) バッファー溶液をすぐに追加溶液ソリューション d 15 内の小さな単位で s、混合の各付加の後でソリューションを反転します</li>。
		<li>はすぐに 3 分間にわたって少しずつソリューション d ソリューション B を追加する開始します。各付加の後でソリューションを反転してミックスします</li>。
		<li>混合の各付加の後でソリューションを反転ソリューション C を 5 μ L の単位でソリューションに追加します</li>。
		<li>反応室温で 3 時間して一晩 4 ° C で孵化を続行するを許可します</li>。
		<li>PBS を使用する磁気の列を介して結果 Ab 共役 IONPs を浄化する (pH 7.4、決勝 [Fe] を = = 3.5 mmol) 任意の非抗体を削除します。
		<ol><li>PBS (1 mL) で洗浄磁気の列。磁気プレートに列を添付し、IONP ソリューションを追加します</li>。
			<li>は、PBS (1 mL) の磁気コラムを再度洗浄します。磁気プレートから磁気の列を削除します。PBS を列に追加し、ソリューションを収集します。4 ° C でストア</li></ol></li></ol></li> <li>カプセル化蛍光 1, 1 の &#39; - Dioctadecyl - 3,3,3 &#39; 3、&#39;-Tetramethylindocarbocyanine 過塩素酸塩 (DiI) 色素標識抗体 IONPs を使用してのポリアクリル酸 (PAA) のコーティングに、溶媒拡散法。
	<ol><li>、IONPs の 4 mL に追加滴 2.0 μ L で 1100 rpm 連続混合 DMSO の 100 μ L の DiI 色素 (2 mmol) の</li>。
		<li>[Fe] の最終的な鉄濃度を最終的な MFnS ソリューションの作成、PBS に対して得られた溶液 (12 h MWCO 6-8 KDa) を dialyze = 2 モル</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>MFnS 特性 <ol><li>吸光光度分析用プレート リーダー 595 で蛍光性の放出でカプセル化された DiI 染料を検出する nM</li>。
		<li>動的光散乱法による <ol><li>が平均サイズとは MFnS の表面電荷を決定する zetasizer に MFnS ソリューションのサンプルを配置します 。
			注: ここでは、平均サイズと機能 MFnS の表面電荷ことがわかった 77.09 nm と-22.3 mV、それぞれします</li>。
		</ol></li></ol></li></ol> 2。細菌の培養とストックに調製した溶液 <ol><li>細菌培養 <ol><li>水和物の凍結乾燥ペレット (E. 大腸菌 o157: h7) 栄養流体培養基の 1 mL にし、スープの追加 5 mL を追加します</li>。
		<li>寒天培地と連勝するには、このソリューションの適用 100 μ L を使用して滅菌接種ループ、37 ° C 24 時間で孵化が続く</li>
		<li>後 24 h、寒天板から隔離されたコロニーを選択し、15 mL の培養液を追加します。光学濃度値を監視しながら 4-6 時間、37 ° C で孵化させなさい (吸光度 600 nm).</li>
		<li>0.1 の光学密度値を取得した後、培養を停止し、シリアル希薄を実行します</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>シリアル希薄 <ol><li>8 つの滅菌遠心チューブに栄養流体培養基の追加 900 μ L.</li>
		<li>初の管 (希釈 10 -1) に細菌懸濁液の追加 100 μ L.</li>
		<li>最初から取る 100 μ L チューブ 10 -2 の希釈を取得する、2 番目に追加.残りのチューブ、最終希釈 10 -8 で終わるこのパターンを続ける</li>。
		<li>寒天培地プレートを分離し、37 で 24 時間インキュベート各チューブから転送 100 μ L ° C</li>
		<li>次の日は、各プレート上 (CFUs) の単位を形作っているコロニーをカウントします。〜 100 CFUs のプレートを選択します。さらに実験のための対応する希釈を使用 (100 μ L = 100 ~ CFUs). 
		注: ここにそれは 〜 100 CFUs の結果 10 -6 希釈します</li>。
	</ol></li></ol> 3。迅速な検出の E. 大腸菌 o157: h7 MFnS を使用して <ol><li>スパイク 1 ~ 100 CFU 範囲の結果 10 -6 細菌の在庫の増加額で様々 な PBS ソリューション (1 X、pH 7.4 では、300 μ L)。MFnS の一貫した量を追加 (100 μ L) これらのソリューションにします</li>。
	<li>PBS (1 X、pH 7.4 では、300 μ L) のみが含まれている 1 つのベースライン ソリューションを作成し、MFnS (100 μ L).</li>
	<li>37 ° C で 30 分のためのソリューションをインキュベートし、部屋の温度を冷ますします</li>。
	<li>磁気 relaxometer (0.47 テスラ) と各ソリューションの CFUs 基準緩和時間 (T2) の変更を記録する個々 のソリューションを転送します。
	<ol><li>T2 値の変化を記録、PBS と MFnS のみを含むベースライン ソリューションの T2 値を測定することによって開始します。
		<ol><li>磁気でソリューションの場所 relaxometer。それぞれのソフトウェアを開き、選択、&#34; T2 緩和 &#34; 設定を押し &#34; 測定 &#34;</li></ol></li> <li>様々 なスパイクが追加のソリューションの T2 値を測定基準 T2、のコレクションを次。細菌の濃度. 
		注意: T2 に変更、ベースライン スパイク T2 から減算 T2 に相当します</li>。
	</ol></li> <li>磁気 relaxometer からのサンプルを削除し 2880 x g で 10 分間のチューブを遠心分離</li>
	<li>上清を捨て、100 μ L の PBS (1 X、pH 7.4) の細菌のペレットを再懸濁します</li>。
	<li>96 ウェル プレートと 595 でのレコードの蛍光強度をそれぞれの巻き上がりを追加 80 μ L nM 。
	注: テスト繰り返すことができる結果のセクションで説明するように、湖の水、ミルクなど、異なる溶媒を用いた</li></ol>

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このナノテクノロジーの実証済みのアプリケーションは、まだ FDA によって承認されていません。

このプロトコルは、単に完全に機能の MFnS を生成する設計されている可能な限り。ただし、プロトコルの変更、ユーザーの目的に応じて、役に立つかもしれない多くの重要なポイントがあります。たとえば、異なった抗体の使用は他の多くの病原体の対象になります。さらに、このプロトコルは抗体分子をターゲットとしての使用に限定ではありません。ホスト細胞?...

両方の細菌汚染度の永続的な発生市販食品と水の源はますます急速なと特定の診断プラットフォームの必要性を作成しました。1,2より一般的な細菌汚染食料と水の汚染のための責任の一部はサルモネラ、黄色ブドウ球菌、リステリア菌、腸炎ビブリオ、赤痢菌、細菌、大腸菌属です。3,4多くの場合これらの病原体が細菌汚染の結果熱、コレラ、胃腸炎、下痢などの症状。4しばしば水源の汚染が十分にろ過された水へのアクセスなしでコミュニティに抜本的な不利な影響と食品汚染が病気や製品のリコールの努力の偉大な数につながっています。5,6
細菌汚染に起因する病気の発生を減らすために、水と食品を効率的にスキャン販売または消費する前に方法を開発する努力の数がずっとあります。1,7,8,9,10 12ループ lamp 法 (11,, elisa 法、PCR などの3手法ランプ)13,14 15、16,17,18,19,20,21、 22,23,24は、最近様々 な病原体の検出に使用されています。伝統的な細菌の培養方法と比較して、これらの技術、特異性と時間に関してはるかに多く効率的です。しかし、これらの技術はまだ偽陽性とネガ、複雑な手順、コストと戦います。1,3,25細菌検出のための代替方法として多重磁気蛍光ナノセンサー (MFnS) を提案する、まさにこの理由のためです。
これらナノセンサーでの磁気緩和と迅速かつ適確なデュアル検出プラットフォームを可能にする蛍光のモダリティのペアリング方法一緒に一意に。E. 大腸菌o157: h7 を使用すると、サンプルの汚染物質として、分以内として少し 1 CFU を検出する MFnS の能力を発揮します。病原体特異抗体は特異性を上げるため、磁気や蛍光灯のモダリティの組み合わせにより、検出の両方の低と高の汚染範囲の細菌汚染の定量化。16細菌汚染の場合、ナノセンサー、細菌病原体特異的抗体のターゲットの能力のため周辺群発地震します。磁気ナノセンサーと細菌の間のバインドは、磁気鉄のコアと周辺の水のプロトン間の相互作用を制限します。これは磁気 relaxometer で記録された T2 緩和時間の増加を引き起こします。ソリューションにおける細菌の濃度が上昇すると、T2 値が小さい結果、細菌数の増加など、ナノセンサーを分散します。逆に、病原体を直接バインド ナノセンサーの数が増えたため、細菌の濃度に比例した蛍光性の放出が増えます。サンプルの遠心分離と分離細菌のペレットのみ任意の浮遊ナノセンサーを取り外して直接関連付けの数と蛍光性の放出、細菌に直接接続されているナノ粒子を節約します。ソリューションに存在する細菌。このメカニズムの概略は、図 1で表されます。
この MFnS プラットフォームは、ポイント ・ オブ ・ ケア スクリーニング低コスト ・ ポータブルの特性で、心で設計されています。MFnS は常温で安定しているし、細菌汚染の正確な検出のための非常に低濃度で必要なだけです。さらに、合成後に、、MFnS の使用は簡単、分野で訓練を受けた専門家の使用を必要としません。最後に、この診断プラットフォームにより高度なカスタマイズをターゲットに、さまざまな設定のすべての種類の病原体を検出する 1 つのプラットフォームを使用可能性があります、この手段を提供します。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Ferrous Chloride Tetrahydrate</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>I90-500</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ferric Chloride Hexahydrate</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>I88-500</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ammonium Hydroxide</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>A669S-500</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Hydrochloric Acid</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>A144S-500</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Polyacryllic Acid</td><td>Sigma-Aldrich</td><td>323667-100G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>EDC</td><td>Thermofisher Scientific</td><td>22980</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>NHS</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>AC157270250</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anti-E. coli O111 antibody&amp;nbsp;</td><td>sera care</td><td>5310-0352</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Anti-E. coli O157:H7 antibody [P3C6]&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Abcam</td><td>ab75244</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>DiI Stain</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>D282</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nutrient Broth</td><td>Difco</td><td>233000</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Freeze-dried E. coli O157:H7 pellet</td><td>ATCC</td><td>700728</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Magnetic Relaxomteter&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Bruker</td><td>mq20</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Zetasizer</td><td>Malvern</td><td>NANO-ZS90</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Plate Reader&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Tecan</td><td>Infinite M200 PRO</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Magnetic Column&amp;nbsp;</td><td>QuadroMACS</td><td>130-090-976</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Centrifuge</td><td>Eppendorf</td><td>5804 Series</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Centrifuge (accuSpin Micro 17)</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>13-100-676</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Floor Model Shaking Incubator</td><td>SHEL LAB</td><td>SSI5</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Analytical Balance</td><td>Metler Toledo</td><td>ME104E</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Digital Vortex Mixer</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>02-215-370</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Open-Air Rocking Shaker</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>02-217-765</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

foodborne pathogen screening using magneto-fluorescent nanosensor: rapid detection of e. coli o157:h7

腸管出血性大腸菌o157: h7 は、水性の両方にリンクされている媒介する病気と食料と水上映方法にも関わらず脅威は現在使用されるまま。従来の細菌検出方法、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応 (PCR)、酵素抗体法 (ELISA) 特に病原性の汚染物質を検出できるよう彼らが豊富なサンプル準備と待機時間が長く必要です。さらに、これらのプラクティスは洗練された実験室の器械と設定、要求し、訓練を受けた専門家によって実行される必要があります。ここで、ナノ粒子ベースのプラットフォームの磁気および蛍光パラメーターの一意の組み合わせを備えて簡単診断技術のためのプロトコルを提案します。提案多重磁気蛍光ナノセンサー (MFnS) は、大腸菌o157: h7 汚染としてはほとんど 1 コロニー形成単位未満 1 時間以内のソリューションに存在を検出できます。牛乳など複雑なメディアで高機能を維持する MFnS の能力をさらに、湖の水を確認します。その他特異性アッセイも同じような細菌種の存在下でも、特定のターゲット細菌のみを検出する MFnS の能力を発揮する使用されました。検出の両方の初期と後期段階の汚染検出でその高性能を出展、濃度の広い範囲の病原体汚染の定量化により、磁気や蛍光灯のモダリティのペアリングします。有効性、手頃な価格、および、MFnS の移植性から作ることがポイント ・ オブ ・ ケア スクリーニング細菌汚染のための理想的な候補の設定の広い範囲で市販加工食品に水生の貯水池。

MFnS の作用機序は、図 1で表されます。細菌汚染物質の表面周囲の MFnS のクラスタ リングは、MFnS の magnetic cores と周囲の水素原子核の相互作用を妨げます。このクラスタ リング、磁気緩和の結果として値が増加します。細菌汚染の濃度が増えると、クラスタ リングが縮小し、T2 値の変動が減少します。したがって、蛍光のモダリティの追加が重要です。細菌の濃度が増...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Foodborne Pathogen Screening Using Magneto-fluorescent Nanosensor: Rapid Detection of E. Coli O157:H7 at JoVE.com

Foodborne Pathogen Screening Using Magneto-fluorescent Nanosensor: Rapid Detection of E. Coli O157:H7

このプロトコルの全体的な目標はポータブル、コスト効果の高い、機能的なナノセンサーを合成する、特にターゲットに磁気緩和と蛍光発光モダリティの組み合わせにより病原性細菌の迅速検出。

E. 大腸菌o157: h7 の食品由来病原体のスクリーニングを使用して磁気蛍光ナノセンサー: 迅速検出

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 has been linked to both waterborne and foodborne illnesses, and remains a threat despite the food- and ...

foodborne-pathogen-screening-using-magneto-fluorescent-nanosensor

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Immunology and Infection

Foodborne Pathogen Screening Using Magneto-fluorescent Nanosensor: Rapid Detection of E. Coli O157:H7

7.6K ビュー.  Pittsburg State University. このプロトコルの全体的な目標はポータブル、コスト効果の高い、機能的なナノセンサーを合成する、特にターゲットに磁気緩和と蛍光発光モダリティの組み合わせにより病原性細菌の迅速検出。

ビデオ: Foodborne Pathogen Screening Using Magneto-fluorescent Nanosensor: Rapid Detection of E. Coli O157:H7

Colorimetric Paper-based Detection of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes from Large Volumes of Agricultural Water

This protocol describes rapid colorimetric detection of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes from large volumes (10 L) of agricultural waters. Here, water is filtered through sterile Modified Moore Swabs (MMS), which consist&#160;of a simple gauze filter enclosed in a plastic cartridge, to concentrate bacteria. Following filtration, non-selective or selective enrichments for the target bacteria are performed in the MMS. For colorimetric detection of the target bacteria, the enrichments are then assayed using paper-based analytical devices (&#181;PADs) embedded with bacteria-indicative substrates. Each substrate reacts with target-indicative bacterial enzymes, generating colored products that can be detected visually (qualitative detection) on the &#181;PAD. Alternatively, digital images of the reacted &#181;PADs can be generated with common scanning or photographic devices and analyzed using ImageJ software, allowing for more objective and standardized interpretation of results. Although the biochemical screening procedures are designed to identify the aforementioned bacterial pathogens, in some cases enzymes produced by background microbiota or the degradation of the colorimetric substrates may produce a false positive. Therefore, confirmation using a more discriminatory diagnostic is needed. Nonetheless, this bacterial concentration and detection platform is inexpensive, sensitive (0.1 CFU/ml detection limit), easy to perform, and rapid (concentration, enrichment, and detection are performed within approximately 24&#160;hr), justifying its use as an initial screening method for the microbiological quality of agricultural water.

Colorimetric Paper-based Detection of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes from Large Volumes of Agricultural Water

A protocol involving integrated concentration, enrichment, and end-point colorimetric detection of foodborne pathogens in large volumes of agricultural water is presented here. Water is filtered through Modified Moore Swabs (MMS), enriched with selective or non-selective media, and detection is performed using paper-based analytical devices (&#181;PAD) imbedded with bacterial-indicative colorimetric substrates.

比色検出の紙ベース<em&gt;エシェリヒア·コリ</em&gt;<em&gt;サルモネラ</em&gt;属、および<em&gt;リステリア菌</em&gt;農業大量の水から

This protocol describes rapid colorimetric detection of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes from large volumes (10 L) of ...

環境学

Detection of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens from Individual Filth Flies

There is unanimous consensus that insects are important vectors of foodborne pathogens. However, linking insects as vectors of the pathogen causing a particular foodborne illness outbreak has been challenging. This is because insects are not being aseptically collected as part of an environmental sampling program during foodborne outbreak investigations and because there is not a standardized method to detect foodborne bacteria from individual insects. To take a step towards solving this problem, we adapted a protocol from a commercially available PCR-based system that detects foodborne pathogens from food and environmental samples, to detect foodborne pathogens from individual flies.Using this standardized protocol, we surveyed 100 wild-caught flies for the presence of Cronobacter spp., Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes and demonstrated that it was possible to detect and further isolate these pathogens from the body surface and the alimentary canal of a single fly. Twenty-two percent of the alimentary canals and 8% of the body surfaces from collected wild flies were positive for at least one of the three foodborne pathogens. The prevalence of Cronobacter spp. on either body part of the flies was statistically higher (19%) than the prevalence of S. enterica (7%) and L.monocytogenes (4%). No false positives were observed when detecting S. enterica and L. monocytogenes using this PCR-based system because pure bacterial cultures were obtained from all PCR-positive results. However, pure Cronobacter colonies were not obtained from about 50% of PCR-positive samples, suggesting that the PCR-based detection system for this pathogen cross-reacts with other Enterobacteriaceae present among the highly complex microbiota carried by wild flies. The standardized protocol presented here will allow laboratories to detect bacterial foodborne pathogens from aseptically collected insects, thereby giving public health officials another line of evidence to find out how the food was contaminated when performing foodborne outbreak investigations.

A PCR-based protocol was adapted to detect Cronobacter spp., Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes from body surfaces and alimentary canals of individual wild-caught flies. The goal of this protocol is to detect and isolate bacterial pathogens from individual insects collected as part of an environmental sampling program during foodborne outbreak investigations.

個々のフィルスのハエから食中毒細菌性病原体の検出

There is unanimous consensus that insects are important vectors of foodborne pathogens. However, linking insects as vectors of the pathogen causing a ...

Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce

This protocol describes a simple approach for adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato and other fresh produce surfaces, followed by on-tape fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for rapid culture-independent detection of Salmonella spp. Cell-charged tapes can also be placed face-down on selective agar for solid-phase enrichment prior to detection. Alternatively, low-volume liquid enrichments (liquid surface miniculture) can be performed on the surface of the tape in non-selective broth, followed by FISH and analysis via flow cytometry. To begin, sterile adhesive tape is brought into contact with fresh produce, gentle pressure is applied, and the tape is removed, physically extracting microbes present on these surfaces. Tapes are mounted sticky-side up onto glass microscope slides and the sampled cells are fixed with 10% formalin (30 min) and dehydrated using a graded ethanol series (50, 80, and 95%; 3 min each concentration). Next, cell-charged tapes are spotted with buffer containing a Salmonella-targeted DNA probe cocktail and hybridized for 15 - 30 min at 55&deg;C, followed by a brief rinse in a washing buffer to remove unbound probe. Adherent, FISH-labeled cells are then counterstained with the DNA dye 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and results are viewed using fluorescence microscopy. For solid-phase enrichment, cell-charged tapes are placed face-down on a suitable selective agar surface and incubated to allow in situ growth of Salmonella microcolonies, followed by FISH and microscopy as described above. For liquid surface miniculture, cell-charged tapes are placed sticky side up and a silicone perfusion chamber is applied so that the tape and microscope slide form the bottom of a water-tight chamber into which a small volume (&le; 500 &mu;L) of Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) is introduced. The inlet ports are sealed and the chambers are incubated at 35 - 37&deg;C, allowing growth-based amplification of tape-extracted microbes. Following incubation, inlet ports are unsealed, cells are detached and mixed with vigorous back and forth pipetting, harvested via centrifugation and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Finally, samples are hybridized and examined via flow cytometry to reveal the presence of Salmonella spp. As described here, our "tape-FISH" approach can provide simple and rapid sampling and detection of Salmonella on tomato surfaces. We have also used this approach for sampling other types of fresh produce, including spinach and jalape&ntilde;o peppers.

Combination of Adhesive-tape-based Sampling and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization for Rapid Detection of Salmonella on Fresh Produce

This protocol describes a simple adhesive-tape-based approach for sampling of tomato and other fresh produce surfaces, followed by rapid whole cell detection of Salmonella using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

粘着テープベースのサンプリングと蛍光の組み合わせその場で</emの迅速検出のための>ハイブリダイゼーションサルモネラ生鮮食品について

This protocol describes a simple approach for adhesive-tape-based sampling of tomato and other fresh produce surfaces, followed by on-tape fluorescence in ...

免疫・感染学

Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors

A label-free optical biosensor based on a nanostructured porous Si is designed for rapid capture and detection of Escherichia coli K12 bacteria, as a model microorganism. The biosensor relies on direct binding of the target bacteria cells onto its surface, while no pretreatment (e.g.&#160;by cell lysis) of the studied sample is required. A mesoporous Si thin film is used as the optical transducer element of the biosensor. Under white light illumination, the porous layer displays well-resolved Fabry-P&#233;rot fringe patterns in its reflectivity spectrum. Applying a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to reflectivity data results in a single peak. Changes in the intensity of the FFT peak are monitored. Thus, target bacteria capture onto the biosensor surface, through antibody-antigen interactions, induces measurable changes in the intensity of the FFT peaks, allowing for a &#39;real time&#39; observation of bacteria attachment.
The mesoporous Si film, fabricated by an electrochemical anodization process, is conjugated with monoclonal antibodies, specific to the target bacteria. The immobilization, immunoactivity and specificity of the antibodies are confirmed by fluorescent labeling experiments. Once the biosensor is exposed to the target bacteria, the cells are directly captured onto the antibody-modified porous Si surface. These specific capturing events result in intensity changes in the thin-film optical interference spectrum of the biosensor. We demonstrate that these biosensors can detect relatively low bacteria concentrations (detection limit of 104 cells/ml) in less than an hour.

Optical Detection of E. coli Bacteria by Mesoporous Silicon Biosensors

A label-free optical biosensor for rapid bacteria detection is introduced. The biosensor is based on a nanostructured porous Si, which is designed to directly capture the target bacteria cells onto its surface. We use monoclonal antibodies, immobilized onto the porous transducer, as the capture probes. Our studies demonstrate the applicability of these biosensors for the detection of low bacterial concentrations within minutes with no prior sample processing (such as cell lysis).

を光学的に検出<em&gt; E.大腸菌の</emメソポーラスケイ素バイオセンサーによる&gt;バクテリア

A label-free optical biosensor based on a nanostructured porous Si is designed for rapid capture and detection of Escherichia coli K12 bacteria, as a ...

生物工学

Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a common foodborne pathogen that contributes to a large proportion of public health problems globally, significantly affecting the rate of human mortality and morbidity. Conventional methods for the detection of V. parahaemolyticus such as culture-based methods, immunological assays, and molecular-based methods require complicated sample handling and are time-consuming, tedious, and costly. Recently, biosensors have proven to be a promising and comprehensive detection method with the advantages of fast detection, cost-effectiveness, and practicality. This research focuses on developing a rapid method of detecting V. parahaemolyticus with high selectivity and sensitivity using the principles of DNA hybridization. In the work, characterization of synthesized polylactic acid-stabilized gold nanoparticles (PLA-AuNPs) was achieved using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and Cyclic Voltammetry (CV). We also carried out further testing of stability, sensitivity, and reproducibility of the PLA-AuNPs. We found that the PLA-AuNPs formed a sound structure of stabilized nanoparticles in aqueous solution. We also observed that the sensitivity improved as a result of the smaller charge transfer resistance (Rct) value and an increase of active surface area (0.41 cm2). The development of our DNA biosensor was based on modification of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) with PLA-AuNPs and using methylene blue (MB) as the redox indicator. We assessed the immobilization and hybridization events by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). We found that complementary, non-complementary, and mismatched oligonucleotides were specifically distinguished by the fabricated biosensor. It also showed reliably sensitive detection in cross-reactivity studies against various food-borne pathogens and in the identification of V. parahaemolyticus in fresh cockles.

A protocol for the development of an electrochemical DNA biosensor comprising a polylactic acid-stabilized, gold nanoparticles-modified, screen-printed carbon electrode to detect Vibrio parahaemolyticus is presented.

食品由来病原体を検出する電気化学的 DNA のバイオ センサーの開発

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a common foodborne pathogen that contributes to a large proportion of public health problems globally, ...

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Fecal-oral transmission of acute gastroenteritis occurs from time to time, especially when people who handled food and water are infected by Salmonella spp./Shigella spp. The gold standard method for the detection of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp. is direct culture but this is labor-intensive and time-consuming. Here, we describe a high-throughput platform for Salmonella spp./Shigella spp. screening, using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) combined with guided culture. There are two major stages: real-time PCR and the guided culture. For the first stage (real-time PCR), we explain each step of the method: sample collection, pre-enrichment, DNA extraction and real-time PCR. If the real-time PCR result is positive, then the second stage (guided culture) is performed: selective culture, biochemical identification and serological characterization. We also illustrate representative results generated from it. The protocol described here would be a valuable platform for the rapid, specific, sensitive and high-throughput screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Salmonella spp./Shigella spp. are common pathogens attributed to diarrhea. Here, we describe a high-throughput platform for the screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp. using real-time PCR combined with guided culture.

サルモネラ属菌のスクリーニングのための高スループット プラットフォーム/赤痢菌属

Fecal-oral transmission of acute gastroenteritis occurs from time to time, especially when people who handled food and water are infected by Salmonella ...

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a traditional method employed for the amplification of a target gene that has played an important role in biomolecular diagnostics. However, traditional PCR is very time-consuming because of the low-temperature variation efficiency. This work proposes a continuous-flow-PCR (CF-PCR) system based on a microfluidic chip. The amplification time can be greatly reduced by running the PCR solution into a microchannel placed on heaters set at different temperatures. Moreover, as capillary electrophoresis (CE) is an ideal way to differentiate positive and false-positive PCR products, a CE system was built to achieve efficient separation of the DNA fragments. This paper describes the process of amplification of Escherichia coli (E. coli) by the CF-PCR system built in-house and the detection of the PCR products by CE. The results demonstrate that the target gene of E. coli was successfully amplified within 10 min, indicating that these two systems can be used for the rapid amplification and detection of nucleic acids.

Amplification of Escherichia coli in a Continuous-Flow-PCR Microfluidic Chip and Its Detection with a Capillary Electrophoresis System

This protocol describes how to build a continuous-flow-polymerase chain system based on a microfluidic chip and how to build a capillary electrophoresis system in the lab. It presents a simple method for the analysis of nucleic acids in the lab.

連続フローPCRマイクロ流体チップにおける大 腸菌 の増幅とキャピラリー電気泳動システムによる検出

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a traditional method employed for the amplification of a target gene that has played an important role in biomolecular ...

Detection of Live Escherichia coli O157:H7 Cells by PMA-qPCR

A unique open reading frame (ORF) Z3276 was identified as a specific genetic marker for E. coli O157:H7. A qPCR assay was developed for detection of E. coli O157:H7 by targeting ORF Z3276. With this assay, we can detect as low as a few copies of the genome of DNA of E. coli O157:H7. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were confirmed by intensive validation tests with a large number of E. coli O157:H7 strains (n = 369) and non-O157 strains (n = 112). Furthermore, we have combined propidium monoazide (PMA) procedure with the newly developed qPCR protocol for selective detection of live cells from dead cells. Amplification of DNA from PMA-treated dead cells was almost completely inhibited in contrast to virtually unaffected amplification of DNA from PMA-treated live cells. Additionally, the protocol has been modified and adapted to a 96-well plate format for an easy and consistent handling of a large number of samples. This method is expected to have an impact on accurate microbiological and epidemiological monitoring of food safety and environmental source.

Detection of Live Escherichia coli O157:H7 Cells by PMA-qPCR

A qPCR assay was developed for detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 targeting a unique genetic marker, Z3276. The qPCR was combined with propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment for live cell detection. This protocol has been modified and adapted to a 96-well plate format for easy and consistent handling of numerous samples

ライブの検出<em&gt;エシェリヒア·コリ</em&gt; O157：PMA-qPCRによりH7細胞

A unique open reading frame (ORF) Z3276 was identified as a specific genetic marker for E. coli O157:H7. A qPCR assay was developed for detection of E. ...

生物学

等温増幅法を用いたヒト呼吸器細菌感染症診断

Rapid Detection of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Lower Respiratory Tract Infections via Microfluidic-Chip-Based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most common problems in clinical settings. Rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens will provide practical guidelines for managing and treating RTIs. This study describes a method for rapidly detecting bacterial pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections via multi-channel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). LAMP is a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool that rapidly detects bacterial nucleic acids with high accuracy and reliability. The proposed method offers a significant advantage over traditional bacterial culturing methods, which are time-consuming and often require greater sensitivity for detecting low levels of bacterial nucleic acids. This article presents representative results of K. pneumoniae infection and its multiple co-infections using LAMP to detect samples (sputum, bronchial lavage fluid, and alveolar lavage fluid) from the lower respiratory tract. In summary, the multi-channel LAMP method provides a rapid and efficient means of identifying single and multiple bacterial pathogens in clinical samples, which can help prevent the spread of bacterial pathogens and aid in the appropriate treatment of RTIs.

著者スポットライト:マイクロ流体チップを使用した呼吸器病原体の迅速な検出の進歩 

Various bacterial pathogens can cause respiratory tract infections and lead to serious health issues if not detected accurately and treated promptly. Rapid and accurate detection of these pathogens via&#160;loop-mediated isothermal amplification provides effective management and control of respiratory tract infections in clinical settings.

マイクロ流体チップベースのループ媒介等温増幅による下気道感染症を引き起こす細菌性病原体の迅速な検出

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are among the most common problems in clinical settings. Rapid and accurate identification of bacterial pathogens will ...

E. 大腸菌o157: h7 の食品由来病原体のスクリーニングを使用して磁気蛍光ナノセンサー: 迅速検出

要約

さらに動画を探す

この動画の章

比色検出の紙ベース

個々のフィルスのハエから食中毒細菌性病原体の検出

粘着テープベースのサンプリングと蛍光の組み合わせその場でハイブリダイゼーションサルモネラ生鮮食品について

を光学的に検出

食品由来病原体を検出する電気化学的 DNA のバイオセンサーの開発

サルモネラ属菌のスクリーニングのための高スループットプラットフォーム/赤痢菌属

連続フローPCRマイクロ流体チップにおける大腸菌の増幅とキャピラリー電気泳動システムによる検出

ライブの検出

マイクロ流体チップベースのループ媒介等温増幅による下気道感染症を引き起こす細菌性病原体の迅速な検出

マイクロ流体チップベースのループ媒介等温増幅による下気道感染症を引き起こす細菌性病原体の迅速な検出

E. 大腸菌o157: h7 の食品由来病原体のスクリーニングを使用して磁気蛍光ナノセンサー: 迅速検出

要約

さらに動画を探す

この動画の章

比色検出の紙ベース

個々のフィルスのハエから食中毒細菌性病原体の検出

粘着テープベースのサンプリングと蛍光の組み合わせその場でハイブリダイゼーションサルモネラ生鮮食品について

を光学的に検出

食品由来病原体を検出する電気化学的 DNA のバイオ センサーの開発

サルモネラ属菌のスクリーニングのための高スループット プラットフォーム/赤痢菌属

連続フローPCRマイクロ流体チップにおける大 腸菌 の増幅とキャピラリー電気泳動システムによる検出

ライブの検出

マイクロ流体チップベースのループ媒介等温増幅による下気道感染症を引き起こす細菌性病原体の迅速な検出

マイクロ流体チップベースのループ媒介等温増幅による下気道感染症を引き起こす細菌性病原体の迅速な検出

食品由来病原体を検出する電気化学的 DNA のバイオセンサーの開発

サルモネラ属菌のスクリーニングのための高スループットプラットフォーム/赤痢菌属

連続フローPCRマイクロ流体チップにおける大腸菌の増幅とキャピラリー電気泳動システムによる検出