Name: novel approach for simultaneous recording of renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure with intravenous infusion in conscious, unrestrained mice.
Uploaded: 2018-02-14T12:30:00.000+00:00
Duration: 11 min 8 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice. at

S.M.H. は、健康研究 (機構)、心臓・脳卒中財団のカナダ (脳卒中) アルバータ州革新健康ソリューション (AiHS); カナダの機関から公募によって支えられました。J.E.H. は、国立心臓、肺、血液研究所 PO1HL 51971 からの助成金によってサポートされます。

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本概説、実証し、意識下マウス、自由に移動し、自分のホームケージで楽に休むの RSNA の対象となる評価手法を検証しました。血圧 radiotelemeter、点滴静注カテーテル留置とカスタム設計されたバイポーラ RSNA 電極の外科的移植後、マウスは手術から回復し、48 〜 72 時間に妨げられていない残っていた。マウス残った快適解決された食料、水、環境エンリッチメントに無制限にアクセスできる...

生物医学研究のいくつかの領域でマウスを使用して関心は、無数の遺伝子組み換えモデルの開発と拡大し続けています。ほとんどの部分については、生理学でのマウスの使用の増加と技術の進歩が追いついて、今マウスの重要な生理学的パラメーターの測定用に開発された小型デバイスの印象的な選択があります。テレメーター用自律神経の測定を直接意識下ラットの神経の緊張は、10 年以上利用されているが、意識下マウスにおける神経活動を評価するための小型デバイスは、現在利用できません。捜査官は、通常間接的な方法 (すなわち血漿や尿中カテコールアミン、薬理学的自律神経、血液のパターンのスペクトル解析で自律神経系の貢献を評価することによってこの制限を回避します。圧力/心拍数)1。
これらのアプローチは、貴重な情報を提供する、結果は捜査現象への神経の隔離集団の離散の貢献を明らかにするのではなく、全体的な自律神経緊張度の全体的な映像です。また、多くの懸念を提起する麻酔下マウスにおける特定の神経活動の直接録音を実行されています。いくつかの手術の麻酔下マウスにおける生理学的範囲内で安定した血圧を維持するために非常に困難です。実際には、これらの各種実験、血圧は頻繁未報告または非常に低レベルで発表 (60-80 mmHg 対すなわち > 意識マウス 100mmHg)2。心血管系のシステムを麻酔下マウス準備を頻繁に展示の脆弱性を排除する自律神経活動、血圧と交感神経3との共依存関係の意味のある評価 4。
腎交感神経活動 (RSNA) 意識での直接録音の新しいメソッドは、この制限に対処するため、気ままなマウス、自分のホームケージ内で妨げられていないが開発されました。両方この技術の実装を成功させるための外科的・実験的アプローチで詳しく説明します。この準備は、RSNA、に加えて、追加の機能を持つマウスを乱すことがなく関心のエージェントを静脈内注入のテレメーターによる動脈圧を同時に記録する捜査官をできます。
24 時間手術後、マウスは正常に動作、痛みや苦痛の印を示さない。マウス快適にかかっているその家のケージで食料、水、環境エンリッチメントに無制限にアクセスできる一方、実験的なレコーディングは 48 〜 72 時間後手術を開始します。RSNA のトレースをクリアと全身血圧の薬理学的変調に加えて (食べる、グルーミングなど) 動物の通常の物理的な動きにこの神経集団の特性の応答の例を示します。品質と RSNA 信号の特異性は、神経節の封鎖によってさらに検証されます。本稿ではこの手法5の最初に公開されて説明する視聴覚の補完が含まれます。

<table><tbody><tr><td>Teflon-coated stainless steel multiple stranded wire</td><td>A-M Systems</td><td>793200</td><td>0.001in diameter bare; 0.0055in diameter coated</td></tr><tr><td>#11 Scalpel Blade</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>ALMM9011</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Soldering Iron and solder</td><td></td><td></td><td>Any make or model suitable</td></tr><tr><td>Male miniature pin connectors</td><td>A-M Systems</td><td>520200</td><td>Brass with gold plating</td></tr><tr><td>Female miniature pin connectors</td><td>A-M Systems</td><td>520100</td><td>Brass with gold plating</td></tr><tr><td>Heat Shrink tubing</td><td>Radio Shack</td><td>Model #: 278-1610 |&amp;nbsp;Catalog #: 2781610</td><td>1.6 mm diameter</td></tr><tr><td>Polyethylene 90 (PE90) tubing</td><td>VWR</td><td>CA-63018-703</td><td>0.86mm inner diameter; 1.27mm outer diameter</td></tr><tr><td>Dissecting microscope</td><td>Leica Microsystems</td><td>Leica M80</td><td>Any make or model also suitable</td></tr><tr><td>Polyethylene 10 (PE10) tubing</td><td>Braintree Scientific</td><td>PE10&amp;nbsp;50 FT</td><td>0.28mm inner diameter; 0.61mm outer diameter</td></tr><tr><td>Super Glue Liquid</td><td>Loctite</td><td>n/a</td><td>Liquid Formula; any brand suitable</td></tr><tr><td>Super Glue Gel</td><td>Loctite</td><td>n/a</td><td>Gel Formula; any brand suitable</td></tr><tr><td>Polyethylene tubing</td><td>Scientific Commodities</td><td>BB31695-PE/13</td><td>For pedestal 2.7mm inner diameter; 4.0mm outer diameter</td></tr><tr><td>Hospital Sterilization Services &amp;amp; Ozone Sterilization packets</td><td></td><td></td><td>Contact local hospital sterilization services</td></tr><tr><td>Isoflurane anesthesia</td><td>Abbott</td><td>05260-05</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Deltaphase isothermal heat pads &amp;amp; surgical table</td><td>Braintree Scientific</td><td>39OP</td><td>Keep heat pads warm in a 37&amp;deg;C water bath; Corresponding surgical table essential</td></tr><tr><td>Glycopyrrolate</td><td>Amdipharm Mercury Company Limited</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Isoflurane vaporizer system &amp;amp; flow gauge</td><td>Braintree Scientific</td><td>VP I</td><td>Include medical grade oxygen supply</td></tr><tr><td>Tissue scissors</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>14173-12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fine spring scissors</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>15006-09</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Small cotton-tipped applicators</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>23400100</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Fine Straight Forceps</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>11254-20</td><td>#5, FST by Dumont Biologie Tip</td></tr><tr><td>Angled Forceps</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>11251-35</td><td>#5/45 FST by Dumont</td></tr><tr><td>Small Absorbent Spears</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>18105-03</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Parafilm</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>BR701605&amp;nbsp;ALDRICH</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Kwik-Sil 2 component Silicone Polymer</td><td>World Precision Instruments (WPI)</td><td>KWIK-SIL</td><td>Purchase extra specialized tips from WPI</td></tr><tr><td>5-0 Polysorb Suture</td><td>Tyco Healthcare</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>6-0 Silk Suture</td><td>Braintree Scientific</td><td>SUT-S&amp;nbsp;104</td><td>Deknatel brand, spool</td></tr><tr><td>Radiotelemetry Probe</td><td>Data Sciences International (DSI)</td><td>TA11-PAC10</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Radiotelemetry Receiver</td><td>Data Sciences International (DSI)</td><td>PhysioTel RPC-1</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ambient Pressure Reference</td><td>Data Sciences International (DSI)</td><td>Apr-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pressure Output Adapter</td><td>Data Sciences International (DSI)</td><td>R11CPA</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Rena Pulse Tubing</td><td>Braintree Scientific</td><td>RPT-040</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Infusion Swivel</td><td>Instech Solomon</td><td>375/D/22</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Swivel Support Arm &amp;amp; Mount</td><td>Instech Solomon</td><td>SMCLA</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Polysulfone button&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Instech Solomon</td><td>LW62S/6</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stainless steel spring</td><td>Instech Solomon</td><td>PS62</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vetbond surgical adhesive</td><td>3M</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Triple Antibiotic Ointment</td><td>Fougera</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PowerLab 8 Channel Data Acquisition System &amp;amp; Software</td><td>ADInstruments</td><td>PowerLab 8/35</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PVC Insulated Cable</td><td>Belden</td><td>PVC Audio Connection Cable 32 AWG</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Preamplification Headstage</td><td>Dagan Corporation</td><td>Model 4002</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Differential Amplifier</td><td>Dagan Corporation</td><td>EX4-400</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sodium Nitroprusside</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>71778-25G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Phenylephrine</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>P6126-5G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sterile Physiological Saline 0.9% NaCl</td><td>Beckton Dickinson</td><td></td><td>Contact local hospital supplier</td></tr><tr><td>hexamethonium</td><td>Sigma Aldrich</td><td>H0879-5G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Stainless Steel top anti vibration table</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Custom designed in-house; Solid steel plate on a benchtop is also suitable</td></tr><tr><td>Faraday cage</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Custom designed and constructed in-house</td></tr><tr><td>Small animal hair trimmer</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Drugstore, men&#039;s beard trimmer suitable</td></tr><tr><td>Dipilatory Cream</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Veet brand, sensitive skin formula</td></tr><tr><td>10% Povidone Iodine</td><td>Purdue Products</td><td>Betadiene</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>70% Ethanol</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Steel microretractors</td><td>n/a</td><td>n/a</td><td>Made in-house. Bend a steel paper clip &amp;amp; loop 4-0 silk to form a retractor</td></tr><tr><td>Hemostats</td><td>Fine Science Tools</td><td>13011-12</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Heat Gun</td><td>Fisher Scientific</td><td>09-201-27</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

novel approach for simultaneous recording of renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure with intravenous infusion in conscious, unrestrained mice.

腎交感神経は、生理学的・病態生理学的現象に大きく貢献.腎交感神経活動 (RSNA) の評価は、慢性腎臓病、高血圧、心不全、糖尿病、肥満などの研究の多くの地域で大きな関心のです。交感神経系の役割の明確な評価、実験結果の適切な解釈および病気プロセスの理解が不可欠です。RSNA は、伝統的にマウスを含む麻酔の齧歯動物で測定されています。ただし、マウス通常発生非常に低い血圧と血行動態が不安定数時間麻酔と手術の間に。RSNA の意味は、この非生理的状態、交感神経と心血管系の状態との親密な関係によって混同されます。従来のアプローチのこの制限に対処するため、意識、自由に移動マウスの RSNA を測定する新しい方法を開発しました。マウス慢性的な血圧頸静脈注入カテーテル、RSNA の直接録音用バイポーラ電極をカスタム設計の継続的な監視のための無線テレメータ計測されました。48-72 時間の回復期間後の生存率は 100% とすべてのマウスが正常動作します。この時点で、RSNA は、正常にそれぞれ 4、5 日後手術 70% とマウスの 50% まで取得可能な信号とマウスの 80% で記録されました。生理の血液の圧力は、すべてのマウスで記録された (116±2 mmHg; n = 10)。記録 RSNA は、食べるとグルーミング、文献でよく確立増加。さらに、RSNA は、神経節の封鎖と薬理学的エージェントと血圧の変調によって検証されました。ここで、意識し、自由に移動マウスの RSNA の明確な記録のための効率的で扱いやすい方法を説明します。

記述されていたプロトコルに従って生存率 100% - 生き残ったし、も手術の手順を回復におけるインストルメント化されたすべてのマウスであった。24 時間以内に手術の準備の典型的な食べることを示す通常、行儀すべてマウス クリーンアップおよび探索行動。動物は、この時点では痛みや苦痛の兆候を示さなかった。術後 48 時間検証可能な明確な RSNA 信号は 10 12 の?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice. at

Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.

麻酔下のマウスを表わす非生理的全身血圧血圧と自律神経の密接な関係を与え自律神経の調子の意味のある評価を排除します。したがって、同時に腎交感神経活動と意識下マウスにおける静脈内投与による血圧の新しい手法を説明します。

腎交感神経活動と意識、持続静脈内投与による血圧の同時記録への新しいアプローチ気ままなマウス。

Renal sympathetic nerves contribute significantly to both physiological and pathophysiological phenomena. Evaluating renal sympathetic nerve activity ...

novel-approach-for-simultaneous-recording-renal-sympathetic-nerve

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

10.1K ビュー.  University of Alberta. 麻酔下のマウスを表わす非生理的全身血圧血圧と自律神経の密接な関係を与え自律神経の調子の意味のある評価を排除します。したがって、同時に腎交感神経活動と意識下マウスにおける静脈内投与による血圧の新しい手法を説明します。

ビデオ: Novel Approach for Simultaneous Recording of Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure with Intravenous Infusion in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice.

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a defect in insulin action. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, or insulin clamp, is widely considered the "gold standard" method for assessing insulin action in vivo. During an insulin clamp, hyperinsulinemia is achieved by a constant insulin infusion. Euglycemia is maintained via a concomitant glucose infusion at a variable rate. This variable glucose infusion rate (GIR) is determined by measuring blood glucose at brief intervals throughout the experiment and adjusting the GIR accordingly. The GIR is indicative of whole-body insulin action, as mice with enhanced insulin action require a greater GIR. The insulin clamp can incorporate administration of isotopic 2[14C]deoxyglucose to assess tissue-specific glucose uptake and [3-3H]glucose to assess the ability of insulin to suppress the rate of endogenous glucose appearance (endoRa), a marker of hepatic glucose production, and to stimulate the rate of whole-body glucose disappearance (Rd).
The miniaturization of the insulin clamp for use in genetic mouse models of metabolic disease has led to significant advances in diabetes research. Methods for performing insulin clamps vary between laboratories. It is important to note that the manner in which an insulin clamp is performed can significantly affect the results obtained. We have published a comprehensive assessment of different approaches to performing insulin clamps in conscious mice1 as well as an evaluation of the metabolic response of four commonly used inbred mouse strains using various clamp techniques2. Here we present a protocol for performing insulin clamps on conscious, unrestrained mice developed by the Vanderbilt Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Center (MMPC; URL: www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/mmpc). This includes a description of the method for implanting catheters used during the insulin clamp. The protocol employed by the Vanderbilt MMPC utilizes a unique two-catheter system3. One catheter is inserted into the jugular vein for infusions. A second catheter is inserted into the carotid artery, which allows for blood sampling without the need to restrain or handle the mouse. This technique provides a significant advantage to the most common method for obtaining blood samples during insulin clamps which is to sample from the severed tip of the tail. Unlike this latter method, sampling from an arterial catheter is not stressful to the mouse1. We also describe methods for using isotopic tracer infusions to assess tissue-specific insulin action. We also provide guidelines for the appropriate presentation of results obtained from insulin clamps.

The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, or insulin clamp, is the gold standard for assessing insulin action in vivo. A method for performing insulin clamps in mice is described. This includes a method for arterial catheterization that permits experiments to be performed in conscious, unrestrained mice with minimal stress.

意識、無拘束マウスにおける高インスリン血症、正常血糖クランプ

Type 2 diabetes is characterized by a defect in insulin action. The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, or insulin clamp, is widely considered the "gold ...

医学

Femoral Arterial and Venous Catheterization for Blood Sampling, Drug Administration and Conscious Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measurements

In multiple fields of study, access to the circulatory system in laboratory studies is necessary. Pharmacological studies in rats using chronically implanted catheters permit a researcher to effectively and humanely administer substances, perform repeated blood sampling and assists in conscious direct measurements of blood pressure and heart rate. Once the catheter is implanted long-term sampling is possible. Patency and catheter life depends on multiple factors including the lock solution used, flushing regimen and catheter material. This video will demonstrate the methodology of femoral artery and venous catheterization of the rat. In addition the video will demonstrate the use of the femoral venous and arterial catheters for blood sampling, drug administration and use of the arterial catheter in taking measurements of blood pressure and heart rate in a conscious freely-moving rat. A tether and harness attached to a swivel system will allow the animal to be housed and have samples taken by the researcher with minimal disruption to the animal. To maintain patency of the catheter, careful daily maintenance of the catheter is required using lock solution (100 U/ml heparinized saline), machine-ground blunt tip syringe needles and the use of syringe filters to minimize potential contamination. With careful aseptic surgical techniques, proper catheter materials and careful catheter maintenance techniques, it is possible to sustain patent catheters and healthy animals for long periods of time (several weeks).

Chronic catheterization of blood vessels in the rat is often required for administration of substances, obtain blood sample over a period of time or for direct conscious blood pressure measurements. Femoral arterial catheterization of the rat and corresponding measurements of blood pressure in the conscious animal will be demonstrated.

血液サンプリング、医薬品の管理と意識血圧および心拍数測定のための大腿動脈および静脈カテーテル

In multiple fields of study, access to the circulatory system in laboratory studies is necessary. Pharmacological studies in rats using chronically ...

Transcutaneous Assessment of Renal Function in Conscious Rodents

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard to assess overall kidney function. However, traditional methods to evaluate GFR are cumbersome and time-consuming. In addition, serial blood or urine samples are required, with the associated stress for the experimental animals. A recent technique significantly reduces the investment in time and resources, minimizing the invasiveness and the animal stress, but being equally valid as the traditional approaches. The method measures transcutaneously renal function. Using an optical device and the exogenous renal marker fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-sinistrin, this technique is capable of measuring the elimination kinetics of the marker through the skin. With neither blood nor urine samples nor the associated laboratory assays needed, the results of the transcutaneous measurement are almost instantaneously available. The method has been already validated in different species and successfully applied in several models of renal pathology. Moreover, due to its minimally invasive characteristics, it is suitable for sequential measurements within the same animal. Here is provided a detailed protocol to carry out the transcutaneous assessment of renal function in rodents.

Determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard to assess overall kidney function. However, traditional procedures to measure this parameter are cumbersome and require a large investment of time. Here we describe a faster and minimally invasive method to determinate GFR transcutaneously.

コンシャスげっ歯類における腎機能の経皮評価

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the gold standard to assess overall kidney function. However, traditional methods to evaluate GFR are cumbersome and ...

Quantifying Acute Changes in Renal Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Response to Central Nervous System Manipulations in Anesthetized Rats

Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure are important parameters in cardiovascular and autonomic research; however, there are limited resources directing scientists in the techniques for measuring and analyzing these variables. This protocol describes the methods for measuring RSNA and mean arterial pressure in anesthetized rats. The protocol also includes the approaches for accessing the brain during RSNA recordings for central nervous system (CNS) manipulations. The RSNA recording technique is compatible with pharmacologic, optogenetic, or electrical stimulation of the CNS. The approach is useful when an investigator will measure short-term (min to h) autonomic responses in non-survival experiments to correlate anatomically with CNS nuclei. The approach is not intended to be used to obtain chronic (survival) recordings of RSNA in rats. Discharges in RSNA, averaged rectified RSNA, and mean arterial pressure can be quantified and analyzed further using parametric statistical tests. Methods for obtaining venous access, recording mean arterial pressure telemetrically, and brain fixation for future histological analysis are also described in the article.

Methods for measuring sympathetic and cardiovascular responses to central nervous system (CNS) manipulations are important for advancing neuroscience. This protocol was developed to assist scientists with measuring and quantifying acute changes in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in anesthetized rats (non-survival).

麻酔下ラットの中枢神経系の操作への応答での腎交感神経活動の急性変化の定量

Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure are important parameters in cardiovascular and autonomic research; however, there are ...

神経科学

Simultaneous Electrocardiography Recording and Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement in Rats

For studies related to cardiovascular physiology or pathophysiology, blood pressure (BP) and electrocardiography are basic observational parameters. Research focusing on cardiovascular disease models, potential cardiovascular therapeutic targets or pharmaceutical agents requires assessment of systemic arterial pressure and heart rhythm changes. In situations where radio telemetry systems are not available or affordable, the technique of femoral artery cannulation is an alternative way to obtain intra-arterial pressure waveform recordings and systemic BP measurements. This technique is economical and can be performed with standard equipment in animal facilities. However, invasive arterial pressure recording requires cannulation of small arteries, which can be a challenging surgical skill. Here, we present step-by-step protocols for femoral artery cannulation procedures. Key procedures include the calibration of the data acquisition system, tissue dissection and femoral artery cannulation, and setup of the arterial cannulation system for pressure recording. Surface electrocardiography recording procedures are also included. We also present examples of BP recordings from normotensive and hypertensive rats. This protocol allows reliable direct recordings of systemic BP with simultaneous electrocardiography.

Here, we describe a setup for simultaneous recording of electrocardiography and intra-arterial blood pressure (BP) in experimental rats, which can be done with standard equipment in animal facilities and can be applied to physiological or pharmacological studies to investigate pathogenic or therapeutic mechanisms in cardiovascular medicine.

心電図の同時記録と侵襲的血圧ラットにおける測定

For studies related to cardiovascular physiology or pathophysiology, blood pressure (BP) and electrocardiography are basic observational parameters. ...

Implantation of Combined Telemetric ECG and Blood Pressure Transmitters to Determine Spontaneous Baroreflex Sensitivity in Conscious Mice

Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) are both controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and are closely intertwined due to reflex mechanisms. The baroreflex is a key homeostatic mechanism to counteract acute, short-term changes in arterial BP and to maintain BP in a relatively narrow physiological range. BP is sensed by baroreceptors located in the aortic arch and carotid sinus. When BP changes, signals are transmitted to the central nervous system and are then communicated to the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system to adjust HR. A rise in BP causes a reflex decrease in HR, a drop in BP causes a reflex increase in HR.
Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is the quantitative relationship between changes in arterial BP and corresponding changes in HR. Cardiovascular diseases are often associated with impaired baroreflex function. In various studies reduced BRS has been reported in e.g., heart failure, myocardial infarction, or coronary artery disease. 
Determination of BRS requires information from both BP and HR, which can be recorded simultaneously using telemetric devices. The surgical procedure is described beginning with the insertion of the pressure sensor into the left carotid artery and positioning of its tip in the aortic arch to monitor arterial pressure followed by the subcutaneous placement of the transmitter and ECG electrodes. We also describe postoperative intensive care and analgesic management. After a two-week period of post-surgery recovery long-term ECG and BP recordings are performed in conscious and unrestrained mice. Finally, we include examples of high-quality recordings and the analysis of spontaneous baroreceptor sensitivity using the sequence method.

The baroreflex is a heart-rate regulation mechanism by the autonomic nervous system in response to blood-pressure changes. We describe a surgical technique to implant telemetry transmitters for continuous and simultaneous measurement of electrocardiogram and blood pressure in mice. This can determine spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity, an important prognostic marker for cardiovascular disease.

意識のあるマウスにおける自発的な圧反射感受性を決定するための遠隔ECGと血圧伝達器の組み合わせの埋め込み

Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) are both controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and are closely intertwined due to reflex mechanisms. ...

Long-Term Continuous Measurement of Renal Blood Flow in Conscious Rats

The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of body fluids. The regulation of renal blood flow (RBF) is essential to the vital functions of filtration and metabolism in kidney function. Many acute studies have been carried out in anesthetized animals to measure RBF under various conditions to determine mechanisms responsible for the regulation of kidney perfusion. However, for technical reasons, it has not been possible to measure RBF continuously (24 h/day) in unrestrained unanesthetized rats over prolonged periods. These methods allow the continuous determination of RBF over many weeks while also simultaneously recording blood pressure (BP) with implanted catheters (fluid-filled or by telemetry). RBF monitoring is carried out with rats placed in a circular servo-controlled rat cage that enables the unrestrained movement of the rat throughout the study. At the same time, the tangling of cables from the flow probe and arterial catheters is prevented. Rats are first instrumented with an ultrasonic flow probe placement on the left renal artery and an arterial catheter implanted in the right femoral artery. These are routed subcutaneously to the nape of the neck, and connected to the flowmeter and pressure transducer, respectively, to measure RBF and BP. Following surgical implantation, rats are immediately placed in the cage to recover for at least one week and stabilize the ultrasonic probe recordings. Urine collection is also feasible in this system. The surgical and post-surgical procedures for continuous monitoring are demonstrated in this protocol.

The present protocol describes a long-term continuous measurement of renal blood flow in conscious rats and simultaneously recording blood pressure with implanted catheters (fluid-filled or by telemetry).

意識のあるラットにおける腎血流の長期連続測定

The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of body fluids. The regulation of renal blood flow (RBF) is essential to the vital ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>マウス脳深部構造のための角度付きシリコン多電極記録

Acute Single-Unit Multi-Electrode Recordings from the Brainstem of Head-Fixed Mice

Silicon multielectrode-based recordings are increasingly popular for studying neuronal activity at the temporal resolution of action potentials in many brain regions. However, recording neuronal activity from deep caudal structures like the brainstem using multi-channel probes remains challenging. A significant concern is finding a trajectory for probe insertion that avoids large blood vessels, such as the superior sagittal venous sinus and the transverse venous sinus. Injuring these large veins can cause extensive bleeding, damage to the underlying brain tissue, and potentially death. This approach describes targeting brainstem structures by coupling anterior coordinates with an angled approach, allowing the recording probe to penetrate the brain below high-risk vascular structures. Compared to a strictly vertical approach, the angled approach maximizes the number of brain regions that can be targeted. Using this strategy, the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG), a brainstem region associated with REM sleep, can be reproducibly and reliably accessed to obtain single-unit, multi-electrode recordings in head-fixed mice before and during sevoflurane anesthesia. The ability to record neuronal activity in the vlPAG and surrounding nuclei with high temporal resolution is a step forward in advancing the understanding of the relationship between REM sleep and anesthesia.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>著者スポットライト:マウスにおける麻酔誘発睡眠経路とニューロン興奮性の調査

This protocol describes a method to obtain in vivo, high-density single-neuron recordings from the brainstem of head-fixed mice. This approach is deployed to measure the action potential firing of neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray - a brainstem region inactive during Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep - before and during general anesthesia.

頭部固定マウスの脳幹からの急性単一ユニット多電極記録

Silicon multielectrode-based recordings are increasingly popular for studying neuronal activity at the temporal resolution of action potentials in many ...

腎交感神経活動と意識、持続静脈内投与による血圧の同時記録への新しいアプローチ気ままなマウス。

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この動画の章

意識、無拘束マウスにおける高インスリン血症、正常血糖クランプ

血液サンプリング、医薬品の管理と意識血圧および心拍数測定のための大腿動脈および静脈カテーテル

コンシャスげっ歯類における腎機能の経皮評価

麻酔下ラットの中枢神経系の操作への応答での腎交感神経活動の急性変化の定量

心電図の同時記録と侵襲的血圧ラットにおける測定

意識のあるマウスにおける自発的な圧反射感受性を決定するための遠隔ECGと血圧伝達器の組み合わせの埋め込み

意識のあるラットにおける腎血流の長期連続測定

頭部固定マウスの脳幹からの急性単一ユニット多電極記録

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