Concrete is a commonly used structural material in the construction of buildings, bridges, airfields, highways, dams, and silos. Concrete is produced by ...

Portland cement, the binding ingredient in concrete, is produced from calcareous materials, rich in lime and argillaceous materials, containing silica, ...

Hydration of cement begins when water is added to cement particles. In the presence of water, the anhydrous cement compounds initially dissociate, ...

The reaction of cement with water to produce hydration products releases heat, known as the heat of hydration. Initially, heat generation is rapid due to ...

The size distribution curve of cement indicates its fineness by showing the proportion of particles of varying sizes. The curve rises steeply, indicating ...

The setting time of cement is the time taken for the cement paste to change from a plastic state to a rigid state, and it is determined using a Vicat ...

Occasionally, after the cement paste sets, the free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate may hydrate, causing a destructive expansion in the hardened ...

The ability of cement to resist compressive forces is known as its compressive strength, while its ability to endure bending forces is referred to as its ...

Consider a section of a busy highway that is damaged and requires urgent repair to minimize traffic disruption. Such repair work uses rapid hardening ...

Intergrinding Portland cement clinker with granulated blast-furnace slag, a by-product of the iron-making process, produces slag cement. It can be used to ...

Portland cement is sometimes interground or blended with pozzolans, which are siliceous and aluminous materials. The finely divided pozzolans, in the ...