Name: minimally invasive surgical decompression of occipital nerves
Uploaded: 2024-09-13T13:00:00.000+00:00
Duration: 4 min 6 s
Description: Occipital neuralgia (ON) stands out as one of the most distressing forms of headache disorders, distinguished by persistent pain at the base of the skull, ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>缓解枕神经痛:保留神经和肌肉的减压

<ol>
	<li>IHS. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+international+classification+of+headache+disorders,+3rd+edition.">The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition.</a> Cephalalgia. 38 (1), 1-211 (2018).</li><li>Mosser, S. W., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+anatomy+of+the+greater+occipital+nerve:+implications+for+the+etiology+of+migraine+headaches.">The anatomy of the greater occipital nerve: implications for the etiology of migraine headaches.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 113 (2), 693-697 (2004).</li><li>Janis, J. E., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Neurovascular+compression+of+the+greater+occipital+nerve:+implications+for+migraine+headaches.">Neurovascular compression of the greater occipital nerve: implications for migraine headaches.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 126 (6), 1996-2001 (2010).</li><li>Guyuron, B., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Five-year+outcome+of+surgical+treatment+of+migraine+headaches.">Five-year outcome of surgical treatment of migraine headaches.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 127 (2), 603-608 (2011).</li><li>Blake, P., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Tracking+patients+with+chronic+occipital+headache+after+occipital+nerve+decompression+surgery:+A+case+series.">Tracking patients with chronic occipital headache after occipital nerve decompression surgery: A case series.</a> Cephalalgia. 39 (4), 556-563 (2019).</li><li>Pietramaggiori, G., Scherer, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Minimally+invasive+nerve-+and+muscle-sparing+surgical+decompression+for+occipital+neuralgia.">Minimally invasive nerve- and muscle-sparing surgical decompression for occipital neuralgia.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 151 (1), 169-177 (2023).</li><li>Tobin, J., Flitman, S. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Treatment+of+migraine+with+occipital+nerve+blocks+using+only+corticosteroids.">Treatment of migraine with occipital nerve blocks using only corticosteroids.</a> Headache. 51 (1), 155-159 (2011).</li><li>Seyed Forootan, N. 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Compression point topography.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 126 (5), 1563-1572 (2010).</li><li>Ducic, I., Moriarty, M., Al-Attar, A. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Anatomical+variations+of+the+occipital+nerves:+implications+for+the+treatment+of+chronic+headaches.">Anatomical variations of the occipital nerves: implications for the treatment of chronic headaches.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 123 (3), 859-863 (2009).</li><li>Junewicz, A., Katira, K., Guyuron, B. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Intraoperative+anatomical+variations+during+greater+occipital+nerve+decompression.">Intraoperative anatomical variations during greater occipital nerve decompression.</a> J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 66 (10), 1340-1345 (2013).</li><li>Scherer, S. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=The+greater+occipital+nerve+and+obliquus+capitis+inferior+muscle:+Anatomical+interactions+and+implications+for+occipital+pain+syndromes.">The greater occipital nerve and obliquus capitis inferior muscle: Anatomical interactions and implications for occipital pain syndromes.</a> Plast Reconstr Surg. 144 (3), 730-736 (2019).</li><li>Koopman, J. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Incidence+of+facial+pain+in+the+general+population.">Incidence of facial pain in the general population.</a> Pain. 147 (1-3), 122-127 (2009).</li><li>Mathew, P. G., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Search&doptcmdl=Citation&defaultField=Title+Word&term=Prevalence+of+occipital+neuralgia+at+a+community+hospital-based+headache+clinic.">Prevalence of occipital neuralgia at a community hospital-based headache clinic.</a> Neurol Clin Pract. 11 (1), 6-12 (2021).</li></ol>

<table><tbody><tr><td>30G Needle</td><td>0.3x13 mm, BD Microlance 3, Spain</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Bipolar Forceps</td><td>McPerson, bipolar forceps, Erbe, Switzerland</td><td>20195</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Chlorhexidine</td><td>Hibidil, Chlorhexidini digluconas 0.5 mg/mL, Switzerland</td><td>120099</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>dissection scissors</td><td>Jarit supercut, Integra Lifescience, USA</td><td>323720</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Doppler</td><td>Dopplex DMX Digital Doppler, High Sensitivity 10MHz probe, Huntleigh Healthcare, Wales, United Kingdom</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethilon 5/0 Suture</td><td>Ethicon, USA</td><td>698 G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lidocaine ephinephrine 1%</td><td>Rapidocain 1% 10 mg/mL, Sintetica, Switzerland</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lighted retractor</td><td>Electro Surgical Instrument Company, Rochester, NY</td><td>08-0195</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Magnifying loops</td><td>Design for vision, USA</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Opsity spray</td><td>Smith &amp;amp; Nephew, USA</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sterile gloves</td><td>Sempermed sintegra IR, Ireland</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sterillium</td><td>Sterillium disinfectant, Switzerland</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Surgical blade n.15</td><td>Carbon steel surgical blades, Swann-Morton, England)</td><td>205</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Surgical drapes and gauzes</td><td>Halyard Universal pack, USA</td><td>88761</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Surgical instruments</td><td>Bontempi medical Italy</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Surgical shaver</td><td>Carefusion, USA</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Syringe 5cc</td><td>BBraun, Omnifix Luer Lock Solo, Switzerland</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Triamcinolone 10mg</td><td>Triamcort depot 40 mg/mL, Zentiva Czech Republic</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

minimally invasive surgical decompression of occipital nerves

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>作者聚焦:微创缓解颈项线枕神经痛

枕神经微创手术减压术

Occipital neuralgia (ON) stands out as one of the most distressing forms of headache disorders, distinguished by persistent pain at the base of the skull, ...

minimally-invasive-surgical-decompression-of-occipital-nerves

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

Minimally Invasive Surgical Decompression of Occipital Nerves

1.7K 次观看.  Global Medical Institute. 我们的目标是通过微创方法解决枕神经痛问题，以保持肌肉和神经等结构的完整性。我们将枕神经痛减压手术和腕管减压手术相提并论。我们可以通过微创手术来改善枕神经痛，让患者立即从手术中恢复过来。我们的方法为越来越多的枕神经痛患者提供了一种有效的解决方案。我们希望能够在不久的将来诊断和治疗枕神经痛，就像我们对腕管综...

视频: 作者聚焦:微创缓解颈项线枕神经痛

Microvascular Decompression: Salient Surgical Principles and Technical Nuances

Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder associated with severe episodes of lancinating pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Previous reports indicate that 80-90% of cases are related to compression of the trigeminal nerve by an adjacent vessel. The majority of patients with trigeminal neuralgia eventually require surgical management in order to achieve remission of symptoms. Surgical options for management include ablative procedures (e.g., radiosurgery, percutaneous radiofrequency lesioning, balloon compression, glycerol rhizolysis, etc.) and microvascular decompression. Ablative procedures fail to address the root cause of the disorder and are less effective at preventing recurrence of symptoms over the long term than microvascular decompression. However, microvascular decompression is inherently more invasive than ablative procedures and is associated with increased surgical risks. Previous studies have demonstrated a correlation between surgeon experience and patient outcome in microvascular decompression. In this series of 59 patients operated on by two neurosurgeons (JSN and PEK) since 2006, 93% of patients demonstrated substantial improvement in their trigeminal neuralgia following the procedure&#x2014;with follow-up ranging from 6 weeks to 2 years. Moreover, 41 of 66 patients (approximately 64%) have been entirely pain-free following the operation.
In this publication, video format is utilized to review the microsurgical pathology of this disorder. Steps of the operative procedure are reviewed and salient principles and technical nuances useful in minimizing complications and maximizing efficacy are discussed.

There are many available options for management of the patient with trigeminal neuralgia. Microvascular decompression, while the most invasive of all options, is also the most effective at achieving long term remission of symptoms. Video instruction on how to maximize efficacy and minimize complications with this procedure is described.

微血管减压：突出的手术原则和技术的细微差别

Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder associated with severe episodes of lancinating pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Previous reports ...

科研

医学

Optic Nerve Transection: A Model of Adult Neuron Apoptosis in the Central Nervous System

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are CNS neurons that output visual information from the retina to the brain, via the optic nerve. 
The optic nerve can be accessed within the orbit of the eye and completely transected (axotomized), cutting the axons of the entire RGC population. Optic nerve 
transection is a reproducible model of apoptotic neuronal cell death in the adult CNS 1-4. This model is particularly attractive because the vitreous
 chamber of the eye acts as a capsule for drug delivery to the retina, permitting experimental manipulations via intraocular injections. The diffusion of chemicals 
through the vitreous fluid ensures that they act upon the entire RGC population. Moreover, RGCs can be selectively transfected by applying short interfering RNAs 
(siRNAs), plasmids, or viral vectors to the cut end of the optic nerve 5-7 or injecting vectors into their target, the superior colliculus 8. 
This allows researchers to study apoptotic mechanisms in the desired neuronal population without confounding effects on other bystander neurons or surrounding glia. 
An additional benefit is the ease and accuracy with which cell survival can be quantified after injury. The retina is a flat, layered tissue and RGCs are localized in 
the innermost layer, the ganglion cell layer. The survival of RGCs can be tracked over time by applying a fluorescent tracer (3% Fluorogold) to the cut end of the 
optic nerve at the time of axotomy, or by injecting the tracer into the superior colliculus (RGC target) one week prior to axotomy. The tracer is retrogradely transported, labeling 
the entire RGC population. Because the ganglion cell layer is a monolayer (one cell thick), RGC densities can be quantified in flat-mounted tissue, without the need 
for stereology. Optic nerve transection leads to the apoptotic death of 90% of injured RGCs within 14 days postaxotomy 9-11. RGC apoptosis has a 
characteristic time-course whereby cell death is delayed 3-4 days postaxotomy, after which the cells rapidly degenerate. This provides a time window for 
experimental manipulations directed against pathways involved in apoptosis.

Optic Nerve transection is a widely used model of adult CNS injury. Ninety percent of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) whose axons are completely transected (axotomy) die within 14 days after axotomy. This model is easily amenable to experimental manipulations and highly reproducible.

视神经横断：一个成人在中枢神经系统的神经元凋亡模型

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are CNS neurons that output visual information from the retina to the brain, via the optic nerve. 
The optic nerve can be ...

神经科学

Minimally Invasive Thumb-sized Pterional Craniotomy for Surgical Clip Ligation of Unruptured Anterior Circulation Aneurysms

Less invasive surgical approaches for intracranial aneurysm clipping may reduce length of hospital stay, surgical morbidity, treatment cost, and improve patient outcomes. We present our experience with a minimally invasive pterional approach for anterior circulation aneurysms performed in a major tertiary cerebrovascular center and compare the results with an aged matched dataset from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). From August 2008 to December 2012, 22 elective aneurysm clippings on patients &#8804;55 years of age were performed by the same dual fellowship-trained cerebrovascular/endovascular neurosurgeon. One patient (4.5%) experienced transient post-operative complications. 18 of 22 patients returned for follow-up imaging and there were no recurrences through an average duration of 22 months. A search in the NIS database from 2008 to 2010, also for patients aged &#8804;55 years of age, yielded 1,341 hospitalizations for surgical clip ligation of unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Inpatient length of stay and hospital charges at our institution using the minimally invasive thumb-sized pterional technique were nearly half that of NIS (length of stay: 3.2 vs 5.7 days; hospital charges: $52,779 vs. $101,882). The minimally invasive thumb-sized pterional craniotomy allows good exposure of unruptured small and medium-sized supraclinoid anterior circulation aneurysms. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage from key subarachnoid cisterns and constant bimanual microsurgical techniques avoid the need for retractors which can cause contusions, localized venous infarctions, and post-operative cerebral edema at the retractor sites. Utilizing this set of techniques has afforded our patients with a shorter hospital stay at a lower cost compared to the national average.

Minimally invasive thumb-sized pterional craniotomy for aneurysm clipping has afforded our patients with a shorter hospital stay at a lower cost compared to the national average.

微创拇指大小翼点入开颅未破裂前循环动脉瘤的手术夹子结扎

Less invasive surgical approaches for intracranial aneurysm clipping may reduce length of hospital stay, surgical morbidity, treatment cost, and improve ...

Partial Optic Nerve Transection in Rats: A Model Established with a New Operative Approach to Assess Secondary Degeneration of Retinal Ganglion Cells

Previous studies have shown that the secondary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) occurs commonly in glaucoma. Partial optic nerve transection is considered a useful and reproducible model. Compared with other optic nerve injury models used commonly for assessing secondary degeneration, e.g. complete optic nerve transection and optic nerve crush models, the partial optic nerve transection model is superior as it distinguishes primary from secondary degeneration in situ. Therefore, it serves as an excellent tool for evaluating secondary degeneration. This study describes a novel operative approach of partial optic nerve transection by directly accessing the area of the retrobulbar optic nerve through the orbital lateral wall of the eyeball. Moreover, we present a newly designed, low cost surgical instrument to assist with transection. As demonstrated by the representative results in distinguishing the boundary of primary and secondary injury areas, the new approach and instrument ensures high efficiency and stability of the model by providing adequate space for surgical operation. This in turn makes it easy to separate the meningeal sheath and ophthalmic vessels from the optic nerve before transection. An additional benefit is that this space-saving operative approach improves the investigators&#39; ability to administer drugs, carriers, or selective RGC tracers to the stump of the partially transected optic nerve, allowing the exploration of mechanisms behind secondary injury in RGCs, in a new way.

Secondary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) occurs commonly in glaucoma. This study describes an innovative operative approach for partial optic nerve transection. The use of this space-saving operative approach extends the model's application range, and allows exploration of secondary injury mechanisms in RGCs in a new way.

大鼠部分视神经切断术: 建立一种新的手术方法评价视网膜神经节细胞二次变性的模型

Previous studies have shown that the secondary degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) occurs commonly in glaucoma. Partial optic nerve transection ...

Sheath-Preserving Optic Nerve Transection in Rats to Assess Axon Regeneration and Interventions Targeting the Retinal Ganglion Cell Axon

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons converge at the optic nerve head to convey visual information from the retina to the brain. Pathologies such as glaucoma, trauma, and ischemic optic neuropathies injure RGC axons, disrupt transmission of visual stimuli, and cause vision loss. Animal models simulating RGC axon injury include optic nerve crush and transection paradigms. Each of these models has inherent advantages and disadvantages. An optic nerve crush is generally less severe than a transection and can be used to assay axon regeneration across the lesion site. However, differences in crush force and duration can affect tissue responses, resulting in variable reproducibility and lesion completeness. With optic nerve transection, there is a severe and reproducible injury that completely lesions all axons. However, transecting the optic nerve dramatically alters the blood brain barrier by violating the optic nerve sheath, exposing the optic nerve to the peripheral environment. Moreover, regeneration beyond a transection site cannot be assessed without reapposing the cut nerve ends. Furthermore, distinct degenerative changes and cellular pathways are activated by either a crush or transection injury.
The method described here incorporates the advantages of both optic nerve crush and transection models while mitigating the disadvantages. Hydrostatic pressure delivered into the optic nerve by microinjection completely transects the optic nerve while maintaining the integrity of the optic nerve sheath. The transected optic nerve ends are reapposed to allow for axon regeneration assays. A potential limitation of this method is the inability to visualize the complete transection, a potential source of variability. However, visual confirmation that the visible portion of the optic nerve has been transected is indicative of a complete optic nerve transection with 90-95% success. This method could be applied to assess axon regeneration promoting strategies in a transection model or investigate interventions that target the axonal compartments.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>大鼠保留鞘的视神经横断术评估轴突再生和针对视网膜神经节细胞轴突的干预措施

This protocol describes an optic nerve transection that preserves the optic nerve sheath in rats. Hydrostatic pressure from microinjections into the optic nerve generate a complete transection, allowing for sutureless reapposition of the transected optic nerve ends and direct targeting of the axonal compartment in a transection model.

大鼠保留鞘的视神经横断术评估轴突再生和针对视网膜神经节细胞轴突的干预措施

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons converge at the optic nerve head to convey visual information from the retina to the brain. Pathologies such as ...

Transtubular Endoscopic Posterolateral Decompression for L5-S1 Lumbar Lateral Disc Herniation

We report a novel technique for C-arm free transtubular L5 nerve decompression under CT-based navigation to reduce the radiation hazard. This procedure is performed under general anesthesia and neuromonitoring. The patient is placed in a prone position on an operating carbon table. A navigation reference frame is placed percutaneously into the contralateral sacroiliac joint or spinous process. Then, CT scan images are obtained. After instrument registration, the L5-S1 foraminal level is confirmed with a navigated probe, and the entry point is marked. Using an approximately 2 cm skin incision, the subcutaneous tissue and muscles are dissected. The navigated first dilator is aimed at the L5-S1 Kambin&#39;s triangle, and sequential dilation is performed. The 18 mm tube is used and fixed to the frame. The bone around the Kambin&#39;s triangle is removed with a navigated burr. For lateral disc herniation, the L5 nerve root is identified and retracted, and the disc fragment is removed. The navigation-guided tubular endoscopic decompression is an effective procedure. There is no radiation hazard to the surgeon or the operating room staff.

Presented here is a novel technique of C-arm free transtubular posterolateral decompression for lumbar foraminal stenosis and lateral disc herniation under O-arm navigation.

经管内镜后外侧减压治疗L5-S1腰椎外侧椎间盘突出症

We report a novel technique for C-arm free transtubular L5 nerve decompression under CT-based navigation to reduce the radiation hazard. This procedure is ...

Full-Endoscopic Decompression for Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum Combined with Dural Ossification

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) can result in spinal stenosis. Thoracic spinal cord compression due to spinal stenosis is a common cause of progressive thoracic myelopathy in Asian countries. The incidence of complications is high in open decompression surgeries for thoracic OLF. With dural ossification (DO), the risk of complications is even higher in thoracic OLF. We introduce a full-endoscopic decompression surgery for thoracic OLF combined with DO under local anesthesia. Hemilaminectomy is performed using a high-speed burr under the endoscopy first, and then decompression of the contralateral spinal canal is completed using an "over the top" technique. DO resection uses the eggshell technique; after the base of the DO is cut from the lamina, forceps or lamina rongeurs are typically used for removal. The dural defect left after resection does not need repair. Neurological function was improved, and no complications such as hematoma or neck pain occurred. On imaging, no pseudodural cyst, cerebrospinal fluid leakage, or wound complications were observed after the operation. Endoscopic surgery causes less damage to the posterior ligament complex, so no cases of persistent back pain complaints or secondary internal fixation requirements were found in this study. Full-endoscopic decompression can achieve good imaging and clinical effects in the treatment of thoracic OLF with DO.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>全内镜下减压治疗黄韧带胸骨化联合硬脑膜骨化术

We describe a minimally invasive surgery using a full-endoscopy system for the single segmental thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum, combined with dural ossification, at Hebei General Hospital.

全内镜下减压治疗黄韧带胸骨化联合硬脑膜骨化术

Ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) can result in spinal stenosis. Thoracic spinal cord compression due to spinal stenosis is a common cause of ...

Full-Endoscopic Interlaminar Approach for Decompression of Lateral Recess Stenosis

For lateral recess stenosis, extensive decompression with laminectomy is still performed in most centers. However, tissue-sparing surgeries are becoming more common. Full-endoscopic spinal surgeries have the advantages of being less invasive and offering a shorter recovery time. Here, we describe the technique of the full-endoscopic interlaminar approach for the decompression of lateral recess stenosis. The full-endoscopic interlaminar approach for the lateral recess stenosis procedure took approximately 51 min (range of 39-66 min). Blood loss could not be measured due to continuous irrigation. However, no drainage was required. There were no dura mater injuries reported in our institution. Furthermore, there were no injuries to the nerves, no cauda equine syndrome, and no hematoma formation. The patients were mobilized on the same day as surgery and discharged the next day. Therefore, the full-endoscopic technique for lateral recess stenosis decompression is a feasible procedure that lowers the operational time, complications, traumatization, and rehabilitation duration.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>全内窥镜椎板间入路减压外侧隐窝狭窄

Technical advances and increased experience in full-endoscopic spinal surgeries enable these procedures to be performed with minimal incision, muscle retraction, and bone removal.

全内窥镜椎板间入路减压外侧隐窝狭窄

For lateral recess stenosis, extensive decompression with laminectomy is still performed in most centers. However, tissue-sparing surgeries are becoming ...

枕神经微创手术减压术

副本

摘要

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此视频中的章节

微血管减压：突出的手术原则和技术的细微差别

视神经横断：一个成人在中枢神经系统的神经元凋亡模型

微创拇指大小翼点入开颅未破裂前循环动脉瘤的手术夹子结扎

大鼠部分视神经切断术: 建立一种新的手术方法评价视网膜神经节细胞二次变性的模型

大鼠保留鞘的视神经横断术评估轴突再生和针对视网膜神经节细胞轴突的干预措施

大鼠保留鞘的视神经横断术评估轴突再生和针对视网膜神经节细胞轴突的干预措施

经管内镜后外侧减压治疗L5-S1腰椎外侧椎间盘突出症

全内镜下减压治疗黄韧带胸骨化联合硬脑膜骨化术

全内镜下减压治疗黄韧带胸骨化联合硬脑膜骨化术

全内窥镜椎板间入路减压外侧隐窝狭窄