Chapter 28
(inactive)
什么是人口和社区？
Overview
Populations are groups of individuals of the same species that inhabit a shared environment. Communities include multiple co-existing, ...
分布及分散
To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement ...
生活历史
Overview
Constrained by limited energy and resources, organisms must compromise between offspring quantity and parental investment. This trade-off is ...
能源预算
Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of ...
人口增长
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with ...
合作关系
Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those ...
生态位
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and ...
生态演替
Ecological succession is influenced by the processes of facilitation, inhibition, and toleration. Facilitation occurs when early successional species ...
拱心石物种
Measures of species biodiversity, such as richness (i.e., the number of species present) and evenness (i.e., their relative abundance), describe an ...
竞争
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. ...
捕食者与猎物的相互作用
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction ...
生态干扰
An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced ...
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