Core - Anatomy and Physiology

Chapter 1

Introduction to the Human Body

1.1 : Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

1.1 : Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body's structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the ...

1.2 : Structural Organization of the Human Body: An Overview

1.2 : Structural Organization of the Human Body: An Overview

It is convenient to consider the body's structures in terms of fundamental levels of organization that increase in complexity: subatomic particles, ...

1.3 : Functions of Life

1.3 : Functions of Life

Human life is characterized by a variety of functions that are essential for survival and well-being. These functions include metabolism, movement, ...

1.4 : Requirements for Human Life

1.4 : Requirements for Human Life

The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a ...

1.5 : What is Homeostasis?

1.5 : What is Homeostasis?

Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, ...

1.6 : Negative and Positive Feedback

1.6 : Negative and Positive Feedback

Animal organs and organ systems constantly adjust to internal and external changes through a process called homeostasis ("steady state"). Examples ...

1.7 : Homeostatic Imbalance

1.7 : Homeostatic Imbalance

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body, which is crucial for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, organs, ...

1.8 : Anatomical Terminology

1.8 : Anatomical Terminology

Knowledge of anatomy is essential to understand human biology and medicine. Anatomists and health care professionals use standard terminology to describe ...

1.9 : Anatomical Positions

1.9 : Anatomical Positions

In anatomy, several standard anatomical positions are used as references for describing the position and orientation of different body parts. These ...

1.10 : Regional Terms

1.10 : Regional Terms

Regional terms describe anatomy by dividing the body parts into different regions that contain structures involved in contributing similar functions. ...

1.11 : Directional Terms

1.11 : Directional Terms

Directional terms are essential for describing the relative locations of different body structures. For instance, an anatomist might describe one band of ...

1.12 : Body Planes

1.12 : Body Planes

Body planes in anatomy are imaginary flat surfaces used as reference points to divide the body into sections for anatomical study. These planes are ...

1.13 : Anatomical Movements

1.13 : Anatomical Movements

Anatomical movements refer to the various actions or motions that can be performed by the body's joints and muscles. These movements are described ...

1.14 : Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

1.14 : Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians ...

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