The overall goal of this procedure is to provide an operationally simple and catalytic reaction to access Unsymmetrical Pinnacle products. This access is realized by a new cross pinnacle methodology, which is based upon a retro pinnacle, cross pinnacle coupling sequence. This is accomplished by reaction of aldehydes or ketones with tetra phenyl one, two, et ethane diol.
In the presence of a catalytic system of titanium four ides andal chloro, this reaction is carried out at room temperature and is complete after approximately 96 hours. Ultimately, high yields within acceptable reaction times are observed. Further, a catalytic performance becomes possible that extremely simplifies the purification of the products For the synthesis of asymmetrical one, two dials.
Usually tedious manipulations like large excess precon pre-conversation or delayed addition of one of the reactants is necessary. The major advantage of this new method is the fact that such manipulations can be avoided and nevertheless, high yields of the cross pinoc coal coupling products can be accomplished. This cross coupling procedure can also be applied to other substrates like substituted TE traits.
First dissolve 400 milligrams of titanium, four turt oxide in 10.0 milliliters of dry di chloro methane in a 25 milliliter flask with continuous stirring, add 150 milligrams of triethyl chlorine to this solution via a syringe at room temperature. Following this, add 3.0 milliliters of dry di chloro methane to 366 milligrams of tetra one two et ethane diol, and 300 milligrams of freshly distilled two ethyl, but or aldehyde in a 10 milliliter snap cap vial. Then add 0.5 milliliters of the titanium four turt oxide triethyl chlorine solution to the mixture via a syringe and stir at ambient temperature After approximately 12 hours, confirm the reaction is complete by thin layer chromatography using a nine to one ratio of hexane to acetone as the elu next dilute the resulting reaction mixture in 50 milliliters of chloro methane and transfer it to a separatory funnel.
Wash the diluted reaction mixture, successively with 20 milliliters of saturated aqueous, ammonium chloride, and 20 milliliters of sodium hydrogen carbonate solution. Collect the organic layer into an erlenmeyer flask and add dry magnesium sulfate. Dry the organic layer by stirring the suspension.
When finished, filter the suspension using a fluted paper filter and collect the filtrate into an erlenmeyer flask. Remove the di chloro methane from the filtrate in Vao at 40 degrees Celsius using a rotary evaporator following rotary evaporation. Purified the remaining residue by flash column chromatography through a column of silica gel with a gradient of hexane and acetone to acquire 280 milligrams of three ethyl one one diphenyl pentane one two Diol.
Confirm the identity of the one two diol by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using derated chloroform as the solvent following. This dissolves 366 milligrams of tetra phenol one two et ethane diol and 345 milligrams of dathyl ketone in 3.0 milliliters of dry di chloro methane. Then add 1.0 milliliters of the titanium four turt oxide triethyl chlorine solution.
After stirring the mixture for 96 hours, confirm the reaction is complete by thin layer chromatography. Using a nine to one ratio of hexane two acetone as the eent, We chose this explicit example since an intense blue color is observed during the reaction, this color indicates intermediate titanium three species that can fast react with oxygen as soon as the cap of the VI is opened, so the color ofs afterwards. When the cap is closed again, the blue color returns and the reaction can go on At this point, dilute the resulting reaction mixture in 50 milliliters of di chloral methane.
After transferring the diluted reaction mixture to a separatory funnel wash, it successively with 20 milliliters of saturated aqueous ammonium chloride and 20 milliliters of sodium carbonate solution. Once the organic layer has been removed from the separatory funnel, dry it by stirring over dry magnesium sulfate. Filter the suspension using a fluted paper filter to collect the filtrates.
Then remove the di chloro methane from the filtrate in vao at 40 degrees Celsius. Using a rotary evaporator, purify the remaining residue by flash column chromatography through a column of silica gel with a gradient of hexane and acetone to acquire 250 milligrams of two ethyl one one diphenyl butane one two diol. Finally confirm the identity of their product by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy using deuterated chloroform as the solvent in reactions of tetra phenyl one, two, et ethane diol and acetone.
In the presence of catalytic amounts of titanium four oxides, the formation of two methyl one one diphenyl propane one two diol and benzo phenol was observed. The corresponding symmetrical one two diol formed by a competitive pinnacle coupling of acetone was not detected. However, to obtain quantitative conversions, extremely long and unacceptable reaction times were required Under these conditions, a considerable increase in reaction rate was observed by the addition of Tri AAL chloro.
Overall high yields within acceptable reaction times were observed. Further, a catalytic performance becomes possible that extremely simplifies the purification of the products. Best results were achieved using five to 10 mole percent of Triethyl chlorine as well as titanium four turt, but IDE by means of this catalyst combination undesired competitive reactions were avoided.
Schlink conditions were not required, but it was necessary to properly sealed the reaction tube. The catalytic species was inactivated by exposure to air, but this catalytic species is a self regenerating one by simply closing the vial or reaction tube. Also, the order of addition of reactants and reagents was unsubstantial use of alpha unbranched aldehydes resulted in a partial formation of the corresponding acetyls.
In most other cases, the diols were isolated in excellent yields. The use of ketones extended the product scope of this method. A minor increase of catalyst loading was required to afford the corresponding one two diols in good to quantitative yields.
Again, symmetrical dials were not formed under these reaction conditions. Once, MA, that this technique opens a fast access to the desired reaction products requiring a minimum of operational effort. After watching this video, you should have a good understanding of how simple it can be to synthesize unsymmetrical one, two dials.
