这一材料的基础是通过由科学、信息和通信技术和未来规划部 (NRF-2017R1A2B4008053) 和贸易、工业和能源部 (NRF) 资助的韩国国家研究基金会为基础科学研究项目提供支助的工作 (MOTIE, 韩国) 根据工业技术创新计划10052802号和韩国技术进步研究所 (永吉), 通过鼓励方案为工业的经济合作区 (N0002310)。

1. 利用氧化铝过滤器制备纳米微尺度结构表面 (图 1)
<ol><li>购买一个氧化铝过滤器的孔径大小, 高度, 直径为200毫微米, 60 µm, 和25毫米, 分别。</li>
	<li>1.2. 清洗具有100微米厚度的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 膜的表面, 使用丙酮与99.8% 和异丙醇 (IPA) 99.9% 为5分钟, 并使用气枪完全干燥3分钟。</li>
	<li>将 PET 薄膜放置在无污染物的平坦表面上, 并添加0.1 毫升的 UV 固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯 (PUA) 型树脂, 其粘度为 257.4 cPs 到表面。</li>
	<li>将阳极氧化铝过滤器放在树脂上, 均匀压匀, 使用直径为32毫米的橡皮滚筒。树脂的传播在视觉上被证实, 因此必须反复地和仔细地推挤在压下的滚筒。 注意: 阳极氧化铝过滤器是脆的, 如果施加过多的作用力, 可能会断裂。</li>
	<li>轧制后, 将与 PET 和氧化铝过滤器 (附使用树脂) 制成的试样暴露于三十年代的波长为 365 nm 的紫外光以固化树脂。</li>
	<li>将固化试样浸泡在100毫升2米氢氧化钠溶液中, 10 分钟即可溶解过滤器。 注: SEM 图像显示结构的横断面和表面 (图 2)。</li>
	<li>用空气枪清洗试样, 然后用气枪完全干燥3分钟。 注: EDX 分析证实 Na 和 Al 未被检测到并被完全蚀刻 (图 3)。</li>
</ol>2. 表面处理
<ol><li>紫外线臭氧处理</li>
	<li>用纳米微尺度结构清洁试样, 使用 IPA 和 DI 水5分钟, 然后用气枪干3分钟。</li>
	<li>使用 UV 射线 (波长为 185-254 nm) 照射到试样多尺度结构的一侧 (侧面有多尺度结构), 60 分钟。 注: 紫外线臭氧设备的强度为25兆瓦/厘米2。</li>
	<li>Octadecyltrichlorosilane 自组装</li>
	<li>在手套箱内放置一个热板, 并保持一个2的环境, 用于蒸气沉积过程。</li>
	<li>用胶带将试样的边缘固定在玻璃或平板上。确保玻璃或板材的尺寸足够大, 足以覆盖烧杯的顶部 (直径为8毫米, 高度为13毫米)。</li>
	<li>将烧杯放在 5 "x7" 的热板上, 用吸管在烧杯中加入2毫升的溶液。</li>
	<li>用玻璃或板面覆盖烧杯, 试样朝下进入烧杯。</li>
	<li>处理60分钟在100摄氏度, 然后从手套盒中取出标本。 注: 在涂布工艺后, 必须清洗烧杯和手套盒。</li>
</ol>3. 注射润滑剂制备功能表面
<ol><li>将大约0.2 毫升 的氟碳 (PFC) 液体存入涂覆的自聚集碳纤维组件上。</li>
	<li>用物镜的光学显微镜观察 PFC 的润湿过程, 5 x-20。</li>
	<li>将样品放置在垂直位置几个小时, 卸下多余的 PFC 液体。</li>
</ol>

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作者没有竞争的金融利益来披露。

制备自聚集碳纤维总成的关键步骤是确保在胶辊上应用树脂时, 脆性氧化铝过滤器不会断裂。事实上, 应该确保氧化铝过滤器在蚀刻步骤之前的任何一点都不会断裂。由于氧化铝过滤器直径为25毫米, 基体的尺寸约为 30 x 30 毫米。
自聚集碳纤维组件允许我们通过适当的表面处理提供各种功能表面。在印迹后, 原表面是亲水性的, 但经涂膜后, 受紫外线臭氧处理和表面能量的变化, ?...

纳米颗粒、纳米管和纳米纤维等纳米结构已引起科学界的关注, 因为它们在各种应用中表现出独特的特性, 包括电子、生物医学、光学和表面工程1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8。特别是, 纳米纤维广泛应用于可伸缩和透明电极9, 耐磨传感器10,11, 互连12,13, 和纳米光学应用14. 在制造纳米结构的各种方法中, 如溶胶-凝胶方法、自组装、光刻和复制15、16、17、18, 19、20, 使用模板进行直接复制目前被认为是一种有希望的方法, 因为它简单、经济高效, 适用于各种可固化材料21、22,23,24,25,26。
由于其多尺度结构具有大量的纳米孔隙和微尺度高度, 因此, 氧化铝被广泛用作制备纳米纤维和纳米管的模板, 具有高长宽比27、28、29,30. 然而, 由于表面张力在如此高的纵横比, 纤维容易地聚集31,32,33。现有的研究已经证明, 长宽比大于15:1 的纳米纤维不直立, 而是聚合, 而比不到5:1 的人则单独隔离, 没有聚集33,34。毛细管力和表面张力对氧化铝的去除起着重要的作用, 蚀刻是碳纤维制造过程中的工艺之一。当长宽比增加时, 纤维间的表面张力会使它们相互靠近, 导致聚集。一些研究集中在防止这种聚合的方法35, 这在聚合物和金属纳米纤维中特别被观察到。其中, 碳纤维表面的水化可以减少团聚, 因为当液体占据纳米纤维之间的空隙时, 表面张力就会减小。此外, 冻干法还可以降低纤维间的表面张力, 从而减少聚集。然而, 尽管作出了各种努力, 高纵横比的纳米纤维的矫直仍然是一个挑战。
为此, 我们报告了一种独特的方法来制造复杂的碳纤维的多尺度结构, 利用聚集现象的积极方式。在这里, 碳纤维结构是用氧化铝过滤器和聚氨酯丙烯酸酯 (PUA) 型树脂, 粘度为 257.4 cP。在 uv 纳米压印 (uv-零) 进行后, 模具用氢氧化钠溶液蚀刻。为了表征所提出的多尺度结构, 我们研究了聚合纳米纤维样品的模式行为和表面润湿性, 如自组装单层涂层和紫外线臭氧处理等表面处理。.此外, 我们建议, 多孔表面可以简单地转化为一个光滑的表面使用润滑剂注入过程。

<table>
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td>MINS 511RM</td>
			<td>Minuta Tech</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>UV curable resin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS)</td>
			<td>Aldrich</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Surface treatment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Sodium oxidanide</td>
			<td>SAMCHUN</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Etching solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Anopore Inoganic Membranes</td>
			<td>Whatman</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>25mm/0.2&#181;m</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>MT-UV-A 47</td>
			<td>Meiji Techno</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>UV curing equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>UVC-30</td>
			<td>Jaesung Engineering</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>UVO treatment equipment</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Smart Drop Plus</td>
			<td>FEMTOFAB</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Contact angle measurement</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Fluorinert FC-70</td>
			<td>3M</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>liquid mixture of completely fluorinated aliphatic compounds</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Polyethylene terephthalate film</td>
			<td>Sunchem</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Substrate</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Acetone (99.8%)</td>
			<td>Daejung</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Cleaning solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Isopropyl alcohol (99.9%)</td>
			<td>Daejung</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Cleaning solution</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Rubber roller</td>
			<td>Hwahong</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>For application of resin</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>Corning Stirring Hot Plates</td>
			<td>Corning</td>
			<td></td>
			<td>Hot plate equipment (5&#34; x 7&#34;)</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

multiscale structures aggregated by imprinted nanofibers for functional surfaces

多尺度表面结构引起了越来越多的兴趣, 因为一些潜在的应用在表面设备。然而, 目前在这一领域存在的一个挑战是采用轻便、经济高效和高通量的方法制造混合微纳米结构。为了克服这些挑战, 本文提出了一种用阳极氧化铝 (氧化铝) 过滤器和纳米纤维的蒸发自聚过程来制造多尺度结构的协议。不像以前试图理顺纳米纤维的尝试, 我们展示了一种独特的制造方法, 多尺度聚合纳米纤维的高纵横比。此外, 研究了这些结构在各种液体中的表面形貌和润湿性, 以利于它们在多功能表面的应用。

用氧化铝过滤器作为印迹模, 演示了一种快速、简便的制备多尺度纳米微混合结构的方法。整个过程花费了30分钟 (图 4)。据指出, 在使用氢氧化钠进行蚀刻过程后, 由于表面张力引起的聚集碳纤维装配, 结果表面呈现出与原氧化铝过滤器相似的不透明颜色。进一步, EDX 分析的结果证实了氧化铝过滤器被湿化学蚀刻完全去除 (图 3)?...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces at JoVE.com

Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

功能表面用印迹纳米纤维聚合的多尺度结构

本文介绍了一种利用阳极氧化铝过滤器制备纳米微尺度结构的简易方法--功能表面。

Multiscale surface structures have attracted increasing interest owing to several potential applications in surface devices. However, an existing ...

multiscale-structures-aggregated-imprinted-nanofibers-for-functional

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Engineering

6.5K 次观看.  Changwon National University. 本文介绍了一种利用阳极氧化铝过滤器制备纳米微尺度结构的简易方法--功能表面。

视频: Multiscale Structures Aggregated by Imprinted Nanofibers for Functional Surfaces

Probing and Mapping Electrode Surfaces in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are potentially the most efficient and cost-effective solution to utilization of a wide variety of fuels beyond hydrogen 1-7. The performance of SOFCs and the rates of many chemical and energy transformation processes in energy storage and conversion devices in general are limited primarily by charge and mass transfer along electrode surfaces and across interfaces. Unfortunately, the mechanistic understanding of these processes is still lacking, due largely to the difficulty of characterizing these processes under in situ conditions. This knowledge gap is a chief obstacle to SOFC commercialization. The development of tools for probing and mapping surface chemistries relevant to electrode reactions is vital to unraveling the mechanisms of surface processes and to achieving rational design of new electrode materials for more efficient energy storage and conversion2. Among the relatively few in situ surface analysis methods, Raman spectroscopy can be performed even with high temperatures and harsh atmospheres, making it ideal for characterizing chemical processes relevant to SOFC anode performance and degradation8-12. It can also be used alongside electrochemical measurements, potentially allowing direct correlation of electrochemistry to surface chemistry in an operating cell. Proper in situ Raman mapping measurements would be useful for pin-pointing important anode reaction mechanisms because of its sensitivity to the relevant species, including anode performance degradation through carbon deposition8, 10, 13, 14 ("coking") and sulfur poisoning11, 15 and the manner in which surface modifications stave off this degradation16. The current work demonstrates significant progress towards this capability. In addition, the family of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques provides a special approach to interrogate the electrode surface with nanoscale resolution. Besides the surface topography that is routinely collected by AFM and STM, other properties such as local electronic states, ion diffusion coefficient and surface potential can also be investigated17-22. In this work, electrochemical measurements, Raman spectroscopy, and SPM were used in conjunction with a novel test electrode platform that consists of a Ni mesh electrode embedded in an yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte. Cell performance testing and impedance spectroscopy under fuel containing H2S was characterized, and Raman mapping was used to further elucidate the nature of sulfur poisoning. In situ Raman monitoring was used to investigate coking behavior. Finally, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) were used to further visualize carbon deposition on the nanoscale. From this research, we desire to produce a more complete picture of the SOFC anode.

We present a unique platform for characterizing electrode surfaces in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) that allows simultaneous performance of multiple characterization techniques (e.g. in situ Raman spectroscopy and scanning probe microscopy alongside electrochemical measurements). Complementary information from these analyses may help to advance toward a more profound understanding of electrode reaction and degradation mechanisms, providing insights into rational design of better materials for SOFCs.

在固体氧化物燃料电池电极表面的探测和测绘

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are potentially the most efficient and cost-effective solution to utilization of a wide variety of fuels beyond hydrogen ...

科研

工程学

Fabrication of Nano-engineered Transparent Conducting Oxides by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) in the presence of a background gas allows the deposition of metal oxides with tunable morphology, structure, density and stoichiometry by a proper control of the plasma plume expansion dynamics. Such versatility can be exploited to produce nanostructured films from compact and dense to nanoporous characterized by a hierarchical assembly of nano-sized clusters. In particular we describe the detailed methodology to fabricate two types of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films as transparent electrodes in photovoltaic devices: 1) at low O2 pressure, compact films with electrical conductivity and optical transparency close to the state of the art transparent conducting oxides (TCO) can be deposited at room temperature, to be compatible with thermally sensitive materials such as polymers used in organic photovoltaics (OPVs); 2) highly light scattering hierarchical structures resembling a forest of nano-trees are produced at higher pressures. Such structures show high Haze factor (&gt;80%) and may be exploited to enhance the light trapping capability. The method here described for AZO films can be applied to other metal oxides relevant for technological applications such as TiO2, Al2O3, WO3 and Ag4O4.

We describe the experimental method to deposit nanostructured oxide thin films by nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) in the presence of a background gas. By using this method Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films, from compact to hierarchically structured as nano-tree forests, can be deposited.

制备纳米设计的脉冲激光沉积透明导电氧化物

Nanosecond Pulsed  Laser Deposition (PLD) in the presence of a background gas allows the deposition  of metal oxides with tunable morphology, structure, ...

High-speed Particle Image Velocimetry Near Surfaces

Multi-dimensional and transient flows play a key role in many areas of science, engineering, and health sciences but are often not well understood. The complex nature of these flows may be studied using particle image velocimetry (PIV), a laser-based imaging technique for optically accessible flows. Though many forms of PIV exist that extend the technique beyond the original planar two-component velocity measurement capabilities, the basic PIV system consists of a light source (laser), a camera, tracer particles, and analysis algorithms. The imaging and recording parameters, the light source, and the algorithms are adjusted to optimize the recording for the flow of interest and obtain valid velocity data. 
Common PIV investigations measure two-component velocities in a plane at a few frames per second. However, recent developments in instrumentation have facilitated high-frame rate (&gt; 1 kHz) measurements capable of resolving transient flows with high temporal resolution. Therefore, high-frame rate measurements have enabled investigations on the evolution of the structure and dynamics of highly transient flows. These investigations play a critical role in understanding the fundamental physics of complex flows.
A detailed description for performing high-resolution, high-speed planar PIV to study a transient flow near the surface of a flat plate is presented here. Details for adjusting the parameter constraints such as image and recording properties, the laser sheet properties, and processing algorithms to adapt PIV for any flow of interest are included.

A procedure for studying transient flows near boundaries using high-resolution, high-speed particle image velocimetry (PIV) is described here. PIV is a non-intrusive measurement technique applicable to any optically accessible flow by optimizing several parameter constraints such as the image and recording properties, the laser sheet properties, and analysis algorithms.

表面附近的高速粒子图像测速

Multi-dimensional and transient flows play a key role in many areas of science, engineering, and health sciences but are often not well understood. The ...

Monolayer Contact Doping of Silicon Surfaces and Nanowires Using Organophosphorus Compounds

Monolayer Contact Doping (MLCD) is a simple method for doping of surfaces and nanostructures1. MLCD results in the formation of highly controlled, ultra shallow and sharp doping profiles at the nanometer scale. In MLCD process the dopant source is a monolayer containing dopant atoms.
In this article a detailed procedure for surface doping of silicon substrate as well as silicon nanowires is demonstrated. Phosphorus dopant source was formed using tetraethyl methylenediphosphonate monolayer on a silicon substrate. This monolayer containing substrate was brought to contact with a pristine intrinsic silicon target substrate and annealed while in contact. Sheet resistance of the target substrate was measured using 4 point probe. Intrinsic silicon nanowires were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process using a vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism; gold nanoparticles were used as catalyst for nanowire growth. The nanowires were suspended in ethanol by mild sonication. This suspension was used to dropcast the nanowires on silicon substrate with a silicon nitride dielectric top layer. These nanowires were doped with phosphorus in similar manner as used for the intrinsic silicon wafer. Standard photolithography process was used to fabricate metal electrodes for the formation of nanowire based field effect transistor (NW-FET). The electrical properties of a representative nanowire device were measured by a semiconductor device analyzer and a probe station.

A detailed procedure for surface doping of Silicon interfaces is provided. The ultra-shallow surface doping is demonstrated by using phosphorus containing monolayers and rapid annealing process. The method can be used for doping of macroscopic area surfaces as well as nanostructures.

Monolayer Contact Doping (MLCD) is a simple method for doping of surfaces and nanostructures1. MLCD results in the formation of highly controlled, ultra ...

Seedless Growth of Bismuth Nanowire Array via Vacuum Thermal Evaporation

Here a seedless and template-free technique is demonstrated to scalably grow bismuth nanowires, through thermal evaporation in high vacuum at RT. Conventionally reserved for the fabrication of metal thin films, thermal evaporation deposits bismuth into an array of vertical single crystalline nanowires over a flat thin film of vanadium held at RT, which is freshly deposited by magnetron sputtering or thermal evaporation. By controlling the temperature of the growth substrate the length and width of the nanowires can be tuned over a wide range. Responsible for this novel technique is a previously unknown nanowire growth mechanism that roots in the mild porosity of the vanadium thin film. Infiltrated into the vanadium pores, the bismuth domains (~ 1 nm) carry excessive surface energy that suppresses their melting point and continuously expels them out of the vanadium matrix to form nanowires. This discovery demonstrates the feasibility of scalable vapor phase synthesis of high purity nanomaterials without using any catalysts.

A protocol for seedless and high yield growth of bismuth nanowire arrays through vacuum thermal evaporation technique is presented.

铋纳米线阵列通过真空热蒸发无核增长

Here a seedless and template-free technique is demonstrated to scalably grow bismuth nanowires, through thermal evaporation in high vacuum at RT. ...

Evanescent Field Based Photoacoustics: Optical Property Evaluation at Surfaces

Here, we present a protocol to estimate material and surface optical properties using the photoacoustic effect combined with total internal reflection. Optical property evaluation of thin films and the surfaces of bulk materials is an important step in understanding new optical material systems and their applications. The method presented can estimate thickness, refractive index, and use absorptive properties of materials for detection. This metrology system uses evanescent field-based photoacoustics (EFPA), a field of research based upon the interaction of an evanescent field with the photoacoustic effect. This interaction and its resulting family of techniques allow the technique to probe optical properties within a few hundred nanometers of the sample surface. This optical near field allows for the highly accurate estimation of material properties on the same scale as the field itself such as refractive index and film thickness. With the use of EFPA and its sub techniques such as total internal reflection photoacoustic spectroscopy (TIRPAS) and optical tunneling photoacoustic spectroscopy (OTPAS), it is possible to evaluate a material at the nanoscale in a consolidated instrument without the need for many instruments and experiments that may be cost prohibitive.

Here we present a protocol to estimate material and surface optical properties using the photoacoustic effect combined with total internal reflection. This technique evanescent field-based photoacoustics can be used to create a photoacoustic metrology system to estimate materials&#39; thicknesses, bulk and thin film refractive indices, and explore their optical properties.

基于渐逝场光声:光学性能评估在表面

Here, we present a protocol to estimate material and surface optical properties using the photoacoustic effect combined with total internal reflection. ...

Strain Sensing Based on Multiscale Composite Materials Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets

The electrical response of NH2-functionalized graphene nanoplatelets composite materials under strain was studied. Two different manufacturing methods are proposed to create the electrical network in this work: (a) the incorporation of the nanoplatelets into the epoxy matrix and (b) the coating of the glass fabric with a sizing filled with the same nanoplatelets. Both types of multiscale composite materials, with an in-plane electrical conductivity of ~10-3 S/m, showed an exponential growth of the electrical resistance as the strain increases due to distancing between adjacent functionalized graphene nanoplatelets and contact loss between overlying ones. The sensitivity of the materials analyzed during this research, using the described procedures, has been shown to be higher than commercially available strain gauges. The proposed procedures for self-sensing of the structural composite material would facilitate the structural health monitoring of components in difficult to access emplacements such as offshore wind power farms. Although the sensitivity of the multiscale composite materials was considerably higher than the sensitivity of metallic foils used as strain gauges, the value reached with NH2 functionalized graphene nanoplatelets coated fabrics was nearly an order of magnitude superior. This result elucidated their potential to be used as smart fabrics to monitor human movements such as bending of fingers or knees. By using the proposed method, the smart fabric could immediately detect the bending and recover instantly. This fact permits precise monitoring of the time of bending as well as the degree of bending.

The integration of conductive nanoparticles, such as graphene nanoplatelets, into glass fiber composite materials creates an intrinsic electrical network susceptible to strain. Here, different methods to obtain strain sensors based on the addition of graphene nanoplatelets into the epoxy matrix or as a coating on glass fabrics are proposed.

基于多尺度复合材料的增强与石墨烯纳米片应变传感

The electrical response of NH2-functionalized graphene nanoplatelets composite materials under strain was studied. Two different manufacturing methods are ...

Preparation of Liquid Crystal Networks for Macroscopic Oscillatory Motion Induced by Light

A strategy based on doped liquid crystalline networks is described to create mechanical self-sustained oscillations of plastic films under continuous light irradiation. The photo-excitation of dopants that can quickly dissipate light into heat, coupled with anisotropic thermal expansion and self-shadowing of the film, gives rise to the self-sustained deformation. The oscillations observed are influenced by the dimensions and the modulus of the film, and by the directionality and intensity of the light. The system developed offers applications in energy conversion and harvesting for soft-robotics and automated systems.
The general method described here consists of creating free-standing liquid crystalline films and characterizing the mechanical and thermal effects observed. The molecular alignment is achieved using alignment layers (rubbed polyimide), commonly used in the display manufacturing industry. To obtain actuators with large deformation, the mesogens are aligned and polymerized in a splay/bend configuration, i.e., with the director of the liquid crystals (LCs) going gradually from planar to homeotropic through the film thickness. Upon irradiation, the mechanical and thermal oscillations obtained are monitored with a high-speed camera. The results are further quantified by image analysis using an image processing program.

The goal of the protocol is to create liquid crystalline polymer films that can mechanically oscillate under continuous light irradiation. We describe in great detail the conception of free-standing films, from the liquid crystal alignment method to the photo-actuation. The experimental protocol applied to prepare this material is broadly applicable.

光诱导的宏观振荡运动液晶网络的制备

A strategy based on doped liquid crystalline networks is described to create mechanical self-sustained oscillations of plastic films under continuous ...

Fabricating Reactive Surfaces with Brush-like and Crosslinked Films of Azlactone-Functionalized Block Co-Polymers

In this paper, fabrication methods that generate novel surfaces using the azlactone-based block co-polymer, poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly (vinyl dimethyl azlactone) (PGMA-b-PVDMA), are presented. Due to the high reactivity of azlactone groups towards amine, thiol, and hydroxyl groups, PGMA-b-PVDMA surfaces can be modified with secondary molecules to create chemically or biologically functionalized interfaces for a variety of applications. Previous reports of patterned PGMA-b-PVDMA interfaces have used traditional top-down patterning techniques that generate non-uniform films and poorly controlled background chemistries. Here, we describe customized patterning techniques that enable precise deposition of highly uniform PGMA-b-PVDMA films in backgrounds that are chemically inert or that have biomolecule-repellent properties. Importantly, these methods are designed to deposit PGMA-b-PVDMA films in a manner that completely preserves azlactone functionality through each processing step. Patterned films show well-controlled thicknesses that correspond to polymer brushes (~90 nm) or to highly crosslinked structures (~1-10 &#956;m). Brush patterns are generated using either the parylene lift-off or interface directed assembly methods described and are useful for precise modulation of overall chemical surface reactivity by adjusting either the PGMA-b-PVDMA pattern density or the length of the VDMA block. In contrast, the thick, crosslinked PGMA-b-PVDMA patterns are obtained using a customized micro-contact printing technique and offer the benefit of higher loading or capture of secondary material due to higher surface area to volume ratios. Detailed experimental steps, critical film characterizations, and trouble-shooting guides for each fabrication method are discussed.

Surface fabrication methods for patterned deposition of nanometer thick brushes or micron thick, crosslinked films of an azlactone block co-polymer are reported. Critical experimental steps, representative results, and limitations of each method are discussed. These methods are useful for creating functional interfaces with tailored physical features and tunable surface reactivity.

Azlactone 功能块共聚物的刷状和交联膜制备反应表面

In this paper, fabrication methods that generate novel surfaces using the azlactone-based block co-polymer, poly (glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly (vinyl ...

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications

Several ways to produce superhydrophobic metal surfaces are presented in this work. Aluminum was chosen as the metal substrate due to its wide use in industry. The wettability of the produced surface was analyzed by bouncing drop experiments and the topography was analyzed by confocal microscopy. In addition, we show various methodologies to measure its durability and anti-icing properties. Superhydrophobic surfaces hold a special texture that must be preserved to keep their water-repellency. To fabricate durable surfaces, we followed two strategies to incorporate a resistant texture. The first strategy is a direct incorporation of roughness to the metal substrate by acid etching. After this surface texturization, the surface energy was decreased by silanization or fluoropolymer deposition. The second strategy is the growth of a ceria layer (after surface texturization) that should enhance the surface hardness and corrosion resistance. The surface energy was decreased with a stearic acid film.
The durability of the superhydrophobic surfaces was examined by a particle impact test, mechanical wear by lateral abrasion, and UV-ozone resistance. The anti-icing properties were explored by studying the ability to repeal subcooled water, freezing delay, and ice adhesion.

We illustrate several methodologies to produce superhydrophobic metal surfaces and to explore their durability and anti-icing properties.

防结冰用超疏水性金属表面的制备

Several ways to produce superhydrophobic metal surfaces are presented in this work. Aluminum was chosen as the metal substrate due to its wide use in ...