Name: murine distal colostomy, a novel model of diversion colitis in c57bl/6 mice
Uploaded: 2018-07-12T13:30:00.000+00:00
Duration: 8 min 20 s
Description: Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice at JoVE.com

这里描述的所有方法都已得到兽医政府当局 (Landesamt Landwirtschaft, Lebensmittelsicherheit 和 Fischerei, Vorpommern, LALLF M V) 的批准。
1. 动物的术前护理和准备
<ol><li>到达动物设施后, 将动物 (C57Bl/6) 分成相似大小的组, 将每个组保持在一起, 并在整个实验中保持组恒定。 注意: 使用相同性别的动物。用雄性小鼠得到了实验结果。 注意: 如果使用雄性动物, 笼群在7周的年龄开始, 这样就可以建立一个层次结构, 从而最大限度地减少实验期间攻击性行为的风险。</li>
	<li>手术前至少一周, 切换到高能 (> 14 兆焦耳/千克) 和高蛋白 (> 20%) 饲料含有所有必需的微量元素和维生素 (详情, 见材料清单)。 注: 确保所有小鼠在执行手术时重量至少25克。</li>
	<li>通过腹腔注射氯胺酮 (87 毫克/千克 ip) 和盐酸甲苯噻嗪 (13 毫克/千克 ip) 诱导麻醉和镇痛。等到老鼠容忍机械刺激, 如脚趾间距, 没有马达反应。</li>
	<li>将麻醉鼠标固定在位于操作台上的热垫上的仰卧位上, 保证在操作过程中稳定的定位, 避免全身热量的巨大损失。 注: 热衬底应具有36°c 到40°c 的表面温度;手术室温度应为21摄氏度。</li>
</ol>2. 远端结肠造口术
<ol><li>剃掉腹部的头发。在开始手术前, 使用酒精70% 和碘伏消毒手术现场三次。将操作现场悬垂, 保证无菌条件。</li>
	<li>执行15毫米中位剖腹手术通过切割腹部肌肉和腹膜沿 linea, 从而减少失血。</li>
	<li>使用两个迈克迪贝克非创伤性钳, 小心拉盲肠, 末端回肠, 和上升和横结肠从腹膜腔。 注意: 小心严格限制肠道的机械操作, 以防止对肠系膜结构的损伤。</li>
	<li>识别盲肠极, 上升结肠和小肠 (图1a 和 1b)。 注意: 正确识别上升结肠是正确放置结肠造口的基础。在回盲区解剖不明确的情况下, Peyer 斑块的存在识别小肠, 而形成的凳子的出现则是结肠的特点。</li>
	<li>使用标尺确定未来结肠造口的位置。它应该被放置在20毫米远端的回盲阀的远端结肠造口。</li>
	<li>在右上象限的腹壁上再做3毫米切口。通过这个切口提取先前识别的结肠段, 形成一个循环, 小心不要扭曲循环。</li>
	<li>小心通过乙状结肠22口径灵活的静脉注射套管。注意不要损伤肠系膜血管结构。</li>
	<li>将肠道恢复到腹膜腔。</li>
	<li>用简单的缝线和可吸收缝合 (例如, polyglactin 910 或 polyfil 4-0 1/2 c) 将软管的两端固定在皮肤上。</li>
	<li>在关闭剖腹手术前, 用腹腔注射0.5 毫升0.9% 生理盐水进行液体复苏。</li>
	<li>用可吸收缝合 (如polyglactin 910 或 polyfil 4-0 1/2 c) 闭合腹膜和肌肉层, 并进行连续缝合。用可吸收缝合 (如 polyglactin 910 或 polyfil 4-0 1/2 c), 用连续缝合法关闭皮肤。</li>
	<li>通过使用细剪刀执行小计横断来打开形象化冒号循环。避免所有的肠系膜损伤。不要完全横过结肠。</li>
	<li>使用 monofil, 可吸收缝线 (如polydioxanone 或 monofil 6-0 3/8) 修复每个结肠造口, 使用三张全厚针缝合腹膜和皮肤。传入回路, 这是一个功能性的末端结肠造口, 和传出循环, 这是一个粘液瘘, 在这一点上明显分离 (图 1c)。 注: 操作时间应少于20分钟, 以限制流体和热损失。</li>
	<li>完成手术后, 根据制造商的指示, 在超声波浴中使用无醛消毒液消毒仪器。</li>
</ol>3. 假操作 (Colotomy)
<ol><li>执行步骤1.1。到2.4。</li>
	<li>使用标尺确定未来的 colotomy 位置。colotomy 应定位与回盲阀的距离为实验组的结肠造口。</li>
	<li>用细剪刀打开结肠至少2/3 的周长。</li>
	<li>使用 monofil, 可吸收缝线 (例如, polydioxanone, monofil 6-0 3/8 s), 用单层、全厚度中断缝线闭合 colotomy。 注: 实验外科医生的手术时间应少于20分钟, 限制液体和热损失。</li>
	<li>执行步骤2.10。, 2.11。和2.14。</li>
</ol>4. 术后护理
<ol><li>把动物送回笼子里去。提供一个良好的气氛, 37 摄氏度 (如红外线灯), 直到老鼠完全清醒。然后, 保持老鼠在温度和湿度调节的环境 (21 °c; 30% 10% 相对湿度)。允许免费获得食物和饮用水。为促进流体吸收, 提供额外的水浸泡动物饲料。</li>
	<li>当动物表现出对机械刺激的反应时, 注射0.1 毫克/千克体重丁丙诺啡, 开始术后镇痛。小心避免呼吸压抑。</li>
	<li>用1毫克/毫升曲马多补充饮用水, 在术后第一周继续镇痛。</li>
	<li>为了补偿由于流动性降低而减少的液体摄入量, 在第一个术后的一周内在笼子里供应一个固体饮料垫。</li>
	<li>在第一周, 每第二天在第一个月的剩余时间, 每隔三天, 在第二个月, 使用佳中描述的疾病严重性评分, 衡量动物的体重, 并评分动物行为。6。</li>
</ol>

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所有作者都宣称他们没有相互竞争的兴趣。

本协议所提出的小鼠模型可靠地再现了人 dc 的组织病理学特征 ( 例如, 在炎症性肠段粘膜下层淋巴滤泡的发育, 隐窝缩短, 以及减少杯状细胞数)。除了这个优势, 这个模型是由一个非常相似的触发因素引起的, 并呈现出一个中等到轻度的严重性的临床过程, 正如在大多数受影响的人的情况。
为获得重现性结果和可接受的围手术期致死率, 需要一些显微外科技术的实...

近年来, 大量的非传染性结肠炎实体不同于典型的炎症性肠病 (IBDs;i., 克罗恩病或结肠炎溃疡性皮肤) 已临床和病理的特点在人类。导致这些结肠炎形式的发展的病理生理学机制部份地不完全地被了解, 因为适当的动物模型是稀缺的。分流性结肠炎是最近被描述的实体之一。虽然这个词在1980年由 Glotzer1创造了, 相似的表型的最初的描述在1972年被给了 Morson2。该病在50% 至91% 的转移肠患者中发展, 其临床强度变化3,4。鉴于美国每年约有12万口结肠造口患者的发病率, 这一疾病实体构成了一个重要的健康问题。
制定这项议定书的总目标是提供一个小鼠 dc 模型, 它依赖于类似于人类 DC 中所看到的结肠炎触发, 再现人类疾病的主要病理学特征。与其他小鼠结肠炎模型相比, 我们模型中的结肠炎诱导不需要转基因动物 (例如, IL-7 转基因小鼠, n-钙粘蛋白显性阴性小鼠, 或 TGFβ鼠), 应用化学刺激性物质 (例如, 葡聚糖硫酸盐钠 (DSS) 诱发结肠炎, 或硝基苯磺酸 (TNBS) 诱发结肠炎), 或在免疫缺陷小鼠 (如 CD45RB高转移的特定细胞群的转移结肠炎模型) (综述, 见5)。与其他模型相比, 我们的 dc 模型的完整免疫系统允许评估在 dc 发展中所涉及的免疫机制。粘膜炎症对被排除的肠段的限制, 允许评估其对胃肠道其他部位粘膜免疫的影响, 对肠道其他免疫室的免疫平衡 (例如,, Peyer 的补丁和 mesenteriale 淋巴结), 以及整个生物体的免疫平衡。最后, 我们的模型构成了一个适当的工具来研究控制局部炎症刺激的机制, 这是由于当地微生物和消化抗原的正常当地环境的变化。

<table><tbody><tr><td>&lt;em&gt;Operation material&lt;/em&gt;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>heat underlay, 6 watt</td><td>ThermoLux, Witte + Sutor GmbH</td><td>461265</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Ethanol 70% (with methylethylketon)</td><td>Pharmacie of the University Hospital Greifswald</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wooden applicators, small cotton head onesided, wooden stick, 150 mm length</td><td>Centramed GmbH, Germany</td><td>8308370</td><td>for disinfection of operation field</td></tr><tr><td>Scissor</td><td>Aesculap (BRAUN)</td><td>BC064R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Atraumatic DeBakey forceps</td><td>Aesculap (BRAUN)</td><td>OC021R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Needle holder</td><td>Aesculap (BRAUN)</td><td>BM012R</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Vasofix Safety &lt;em&gt;i.v.&lt;/em&gt; cannula 22G</td><td>Braun Melsungen AG, Germany</td><td>4268091S-01</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>VICRYL Plus 4-0 violet braided; V-5 17 m 1/2c; 70 cm</td><td>ETHICON, Inc.</td><td>VCP994H</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>PDS II 6-0 monofil; V-18 13 mm 3/8c; 70 cm</td><td>ETHICON, Inc.</td><td>Z991H</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>BD Plastipak 1 mL (Syringes with needle with sterile interior)</td><td>BD Medical</td><td>305501</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Triacid-N (N-Dodecylpropan-1,3-diamin)</td><td>ANTISEPTICA, Germany</td><td>18824-01</td><td>disinfection of surgical instruments in ultrasonic bath</td></tr><tr><td>&lt;em&gt;Medications&lt;/em&gt;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ketamine 10%, 100 mg/mL (ketamine hydrochloride)</td><td>selectavet, Dr. Otto Fischer GmbH</td><td>9089.01.00</td><td>87 mg/kg &lt;em&gt;i.p.&lt;/em&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>Xylasel, 20 mg/mL (xylazine hydrochloride)</td><td>selectavet, Dr. Otto Fischer GmbH</td><td>400300.00.00</td><td>13 mg/kg &lt;em&gt;i.p.&lt;/em&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>NaCl 0.9%</td><td>Braun Melsungen AG, Germany</td><td>6697366.00.00</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Buprenovet 0.3 mg/mL (buprenorphine)</td><td>Bayer, Germany</td><td>PZN: 01498870</td><td>0.1 mg/kg &lt;em&gt;s.c.&lt;/em&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>Tramal Drops, 100 mg/mL (tramadol hydrochloride)</td><td>Gr&amp;uuml;nenthal GmbH, Germany</td><td>10116838</td><td>1 mg/mL drinking water</td></tr><tr><td>Ceftriaxon-saar 2 g (ceftriaxone)&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Cephasaar GmbH, Germany</td><td>PZN: 08844252</td><td>25 mg/kg body weight &lt;em&gt;i.p.&lt;/em&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>metronidazole 5 mg/mL</td><td>Braun Melsungen AG, Germany</td><td>PZN: 05543515</td><td>12.5 mg/kg body weight &lt;em&gt;i.p.&lt;/em&gt;</td></tr><tr><td>&lt;em&gt;Food&lt;/em&gt;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>ssniff M-Z Ereich</td><td>ssniff, Germany</td><td>&amp;nbsp;V1184-3</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Solid Drink Dehyprev Vit BIO, pouches</td><td>TripleATrading, the Netherlands</td><td>SDSHPV-75</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Equipment</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Nikon Eclipse Ci-L</td><td>Nikon Instruments Europe BV, Germany</td><td></td><td>light microscopy</td></tr><tr><td>VetScan HM 5&amp;nbsp;</td><td>Abaxis, USA</td><td>770-9000</td><td>Veterinary hematology analyzer of 50 &amp;micro;l venous EDTA-blood</td></tr><tr><td>Bandelin SONOREX (Ultrasonic bath)</td><td>Bandelin electronics, Germany</td><td>RK 100 H</td><td>disinfection of surgical instruments</td></tr><tr><td>&lt;em&gt;Software&lt;/em&gt;</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>NIS-Element BR4 software</td><td>Nikon Instruments Europe BV, Germany</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>GraphPad Prism Version 6</td><td>GraphPad Software, Inc.</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

murine distal colostomy, a novel model of diversion colitis in c57bl/6 mice

分流性结肠炎 (DC) 是一种常见的临床情况发生在肠段的病人排除在粪便流由于分流肠。这种疾病的病因仍然不明确, 但似乎有别于传统的炎症性肠病, 如克罗恩病和溃疡结肠炎。研究旨在破译导致这种疾病发展的病理生理学机制, 由于缺乏合适的小鼠模型而受到严重阻碍。该协议生成了小鼠 dc 模型, 有利于研究免疫系统在 dc 发育过程中的作用及其与微生物的相互作用。在这个模型使用 C57BL/6 动物, 结肠远端部分被排除在粪便流通过创造一个远端结肠造口, 触发轻度到中度炎症在排除的肠段, 并再现人类的标志性病变的发展DC 具有适度的全身炎症反应。与大鼠模型相比, 大量的基因修饰的小鼠模型在 C57BL/6 的背景下可用。这些动物与我们的模型相结合, 可以使个体细胞因子、趋化因子或生物活性分子受体 (如白细胞介素 (IL)-17) 发挥潜在作用;IL-10, 趋化因子 CXCL13, 趋性因子受体 CXCR5 和 CCR7, sphingosine-1-phosphate 受体 4) 被评估在 DC 的发病机制。在 C57BL/6 背景下, 同类系小鼠菌株的可用性在很大程度上促进了转移实验, 从而确定了不同细胞类型在 DC 病因学中的作用。最后, 该模型提供了机会, 以评估当地干预 (如修改当地微生物或局部抗炎治疗) 对黏膜免疫的影响和非受影响的肠段和对系统性免疫平衡。

手术在实验性 (结肠造口) 和假 (colotomy) 组均耐受良好。手术和围手术期处理正确执行时, 围手术期死亡率不应超过10%。在术后第一周, 实验性和假组均有明显的体重下降。假组的动物通常在第四术后的一天达到其体重最低点, 但在实验组的一天后发生。体重减轻在实验组更明显, 达到21.7% 的初始体重。相比之下, 假动物失去了10.8% 的初始体重 (图 2)<sup c...

Watch this Scientific Journal Video about Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice at JoVE.com

Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

小鼠远端结肠造口术, 一种新的 C57BL/6 老鼠转移性结肠炎模型

小鼠远端结肠造口为人分流型结肠炎提供了鼠模型, 一种主要的淋巴细胞结肠炎在结肠段被排除从粪流。

Diversion colitis (DC) is a frequent clinical condition occurring in patients with bowel segments excluded from the fecal stream as a result of a ...

murine-distal-colostomy-novel-model-diversion-colitis-c57bl6

Universidad de Cartagena UDEC

Research

JoVE Journal

Medicine

12.8K 次观看.  Universitätsmedizin Greifswald. 小鼠远端结肠造口为人分流型结肠炎提供了鼠模型, 一种主要的淋巴细胞结肠炎在结肠段被排除从粪流。

视频: Murine Distal Colostomy, A Novel Model of Diversion Colitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane (AOM) and Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) over healthy individuals. This risk is proportional to the duration and extent of disease, with a cumulative incidence as high as 30% in individuals with longstanding UC with widespread colonic involvement.1 Colonic dysplasia in IBD and colitis associated cancer (CAC) are believed to develop as a result of repeated cycles of epithelial cell injury and repair while these cells are bathed in a chronic inflammatory cytokine milieu.2 While spontaneous and colitis-associated cancers share the quality of being adenocarcinomas, the sequence of underlying molecular events is believed to be different.3 This distinction argues the need for specific animal models of CAC.
Several mouse models currently exist for the study of CAC. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), an agent with direct toxic effects on the colonic epithelium, can be administered in drinking water to mice in multiple cycles to create a chronic inflammatory state. With sufficient duration, some of these mice will develop tumors.4 Tumor development is hastened in this model if administered in a pro-carcinogenic setting. These include mice with genetic mutations in tumorigenesis pathways (APC, p53, Msh2), as well as mice pre-treated with genotoxic agents (azoxymethane [AOM], 1,2-dimethylhydrazine [DMH]).5 
The combination of DSS with AOM as a model for colitis associated cancer has gained popularity for its reproducibility, potency, low price, and ease of use. Though they have a shared mechanism, AOM has been found to be more potent and stable in solution than DMH. While tumor development in other models generally requires several months, mice injected with AOM and subsequently treated with DSS develop adequate tumors in as little as 7-10 weeks.6, 7 Finally, AOM and DSS can be administered to mice of any genetic background (knock out, transgenic, etc.) without cross-breeding to a specific tumorigenic strain. Here, we demonstrate a protocol for inflammation-driven colonic tumorigenesis in mice utilizing a single injection of AOM followed by three seven-day cycles of DSS over a 10 week period. This model induces tumors with histological and molecular changes closely resembling those occurring in human CAC and provides a highly valuable model for the study of oncogenesis and chemoprevention in this disease.8

Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane AOM and Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS

We demonstrate a protocol in which administration of the genotoxic agent azoxymethane (AOM) followed by three cycles of the pro-inflammatory agent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) rapidly and consistently generates colon tumors in mice with morphologic and molecular similarities to those seen in human colitis-associated cancer.

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与​​氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colorectal ...

科研

医学

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

This protocol outlines the steps required to produce a robust model of infectious disease and colitis, as well as the methods used to characterize Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice. C. rodentium is a gram negative, murine specific bacterial pathogen that is closely related to the clinically important human pathogens enteropathogenic E. coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Upon infection with C. rodentium, immunocompetent mice suffer from modest and transient weight loss and diarrhea. Histologically, intestinal crypt elongation, immune cell infiltration, and goblet cell depletion are observed. Clearance of infection is achieved after 3 to 4 weeks. Measurement of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, bacterial load, and histological damage at different time points after infection, allow the characterization of mouse strains susceptible to infection.
The virulence mechanisms by which bacterial pathogens colonize the intestinal tract of their hosts, as well as specific host responses that defend against such infections are poorly understood. Therefore the C. rodentium model of enteric bacterial infection serves as a valuable tool to aid in our understanding of these processes. Enteric bacteria have also been linked to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs). It has been hypothesized that the maladaptive chronic inflammatory responses seen in IBD patients develop in genetically susceptible individuals following abnormal exposure of the intestinal mucosal immune system to enteric bacteria. Therefore, the study of models of infectious colitis offers significant potential for defining potentially pathogenic host responses to enteric bacteria. C. rodentium induced colitis is one such rare model that allows for the analysis of host responses to enteric bacteria, furthering our understanding of potential mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis; essential in the development of novel preventative and therapeutic treatments.

The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis

Citrobacter rodentium infection provides a valuable model to study enteric bacterial infections as well as host immune responses and colitis in mice. This protocol outlines the measurement of barrier integrity, pathogen load and histological damage allowing for the thorough characterization of pathogen and host contributions to murine infectious colitis.

“<em&gt;枸橼酸rodentium</em&gt;鼠标产品型号：研究感染性结肠炎的病原体和宿主的贡献

This protocol  outlines the steps required to produce a robust model of infectious disease and  colitis, as well as the methods used to characterize ...

免疫与感染

Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)

Colitis can occur from viral or bacterial infections, ischemic insult, or autoimmune disorders; most notably Ulcerative Colitis and the colonic variant of Crohn&rsquo;s Disease - Crohn&rsquo;s Colitis. Acute colitis may present with abdominal pain and distention, malabsorption, diarrhea, hematochezia and mucus in the stool. We are beginning to understand the complex interactions between the environment, genetics, and epithelial barrier dysfunction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and animal models of colitis have been essential in advancing our understanding of this disease. One popular model involves supplementing the drinking water of mice with low-molecular weight Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS), resulting in epithelial damage and a robust inflammatory response in the colon lasting several days 1.Variations of this approach can be used to model acute injury, acute injury followed by repair, and repeated cycles of DSS interspersed with recovery modeling chronic inflammatory diseases 2. After a single four-day treatment of 3% DSS in drinking water, mice show signs of acute colitis including weight loss, bloody stools, and diarrhea. Mice are euthanized at the conclusion of the treatment course and at necropsy dissected colons are processed and can be 'Swiss rolled" 3 to allow microscopic analysis of the entire colon or infused with formalin as "sausages" to allow macroscopic analysis. Tissue is then embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained for histologic review.

Murine Colitis Modeling using Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS

Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administered in the drinking water is an established murine inflammatory injury model of acute colitis. This protocol outlines the method for DSS treatment and the preparation of tissues.

小鼠结肠炎模型使用葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

Colitis can occur from viral or bacterial infections, ischemic insult, or autoimmune disorders; most notably Ulcerative Colitis and the colonic variant of ...

生物学

Murine Ileocolic Bowel Resection with Primary Anastomosis

Intestinal resections are frequently required for treatment of diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, with Crohn&#8217;s disease and colon cancer being two common examples. Despite the frequency of these procedures, a significant knowledge gap remains in describing the inherent effects of intestinal resection on host physiology and disease pathophysiology. This article provides detailed instructions for an ileocolic resection with primary end-to-end anastomosis in mice, as well as essential aspects of peri-operative care to maximize post-operative success. When followed closely, this procedure yields a 95% long-term survival rate, no failure to thrive, and minimizes post-operative complications of bowel obstruction and anastomotic leak. The technical challenges of performing the procedure in mice are a barrier to its wide spread use in research. The skills described in this article can be acquired without previous surgical experience. Once mastered, the murine ileocolic resection procedure will provide a reproducible tool for studying the effects of intestinal resection in models of human disease.

Ileocolic resection is commonly performed in several human diseases; however, little is known regarding the impact of intestinal resection on surgical illnesses. This article provides instruction on executing the procedure in mice with high success, providing a means to study the effects of ileocolic resection in models of disease.

鼠回结肠肠管切除原发性吻合

Intestinal resections are frequently required for treatment of diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, with Crohn&#8217;s disease and colon cancer ...

Creation of Colonic Anastomosis in Mice

Intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in both elective and emergent operations. Even so, anastomotic leaks are a highly feared complications of colonic surgeries and can occur in up to 26% of surgical anastomoses, with mortality being up to 39% for patients with such a leak. Currently, there remains a paucity of data detailing the cellular mechanisms of anastomotic healing. Devising preventative strategies and treatment modalities for anastomotic leak could be greatly potentiated by a better understanding of appropriate anastomotic healing.
A murine model is ideal as previous studies have shown that the murine anastomosis is the most clinically similar to the human case as compared with other animal models. We offer an easily reproducible murine model of colonic anastomosis in mice that will allow for further illustration of anastomotic healing.

Anastomotic leak or breakdown after surgery is a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality. Our surgery for creating a colonic anastomosis is a reliable and reproducible method for studying the healing mechanisms of anastomoses.

小鼠结肠吻合术的建立

Intestinal anastomoses are commonly performed in both elective and emergent operations. Even so, anastomotic leaks are a highly feared complications of ...

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

The human appendix has been recently implicated to play important biological roles in the pathogenesis of various complex diseases, such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and Parkinson&#8217;s disease. To study the function of the appendix, a gut disease-associated murine appendectomy model has been established and its step-by-step protocol is described here. This report introduces a facile protocol for caecal patch removal in mice followed by the chemical induction of chronic colitis-associated colorectal cancer using a combination of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and azoxymethane (AOM). IgA specific cells and IgA concentration were significantly reduced upon removal of the caecal patch in male C57BL/6 mice&#160;compared to those in the sham group. Simultaneously administering 2% DSS and AOM resulted in nearly 80% mice survival in both sham and appendectomy groups without significant body weight loss. Histological results confirmed colonic inflammation and different degrees of adenocarcinoma. This model can be used for the study of the functional role of the appendix in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis and pathogenesis of gut colitis and malignancies, as well as for the potential development of drug targeting therapies.

The presented protocol describes a facile surgical removal of the appendix (caecal patch) in a mouse followed by the induction of inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer. This murine appendectomy model enables investigation of the biological role of the appendix in the pathogenesis of human gastrointestinal disease.

慢性结肠炎相关结肠直肠癌的肿瘤切除术模型，通过卡卡贴片的精确定位

The human appendix has been recently implicated to play important biological roles in the pathogenesis of various complex diseases, such as colorectal ...

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>通过肠道作研究术后肠梗阻的小鼠模型

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Most patients experience postoperative ileus (POI) after surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization time. POI is a consequence of mechanical damage during surgery, resulting in disruption of motility in the gastrointestinal tract. The mechanisms of POI are related to aberrant neuronal sensitivity, impaired epithelial barrier function, and increased local inflammation. However, the details remain enigmatic. Therefore, experimental murine models are crucial for elucidating the pathophysiology and mechanism of POI injury and for the development of novel therapies.
Here, we introduce a murine model of POI generated via intestinal manipulation (IM) that is similar to clinical surgery; this is achieved by mechanical damage to the small intestine by massaging the abdomen 1-3 times with a cotton swab. IM delayed gastrointestinal transit 24 h after surgery, as assessed by FITC-dextran gavage and fluorescence detection of the segmental digestive tract. Moreover, tissue swelling of the submucosa and immune cell infiltration were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and flow cytometry. Proper pressure of the IM and a hyperemic effect on the intestine are critical for the procedure. This murine model of POI can be utilized to study the mechanisms of intestinal damage and recovery after abdominal surgery.

<meta charset="utf8"></head><body>术后肠梗阻鼠模型

We describe a murine model of postoperative ileus generated via intestinal manipulation. Gastrointestinal transit function, pathologic changes, and immune cell activation were assessed 24 h after surgery.

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

Most patients experience postoperative ileus (POI) after surgery, which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization time. POI ...

Single-Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy Model in Mice

Obesity is a major health issue worldwide. As a response, bariatric surgeries have emerged to treat obesity and its related comorbidities (e.g., diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cardiovascular events, and cancers) through restrictive and malabsorptive mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms by which these procedures allow such improvements often require their transposition into animals, especially in mice, because of the ease of generating genetically modified animals. Recently, the single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S) has emerged as a procedure that uses both restrictive and malabsorptive effects, which is being used as an alternative to gastric bypass in case of major obesity. Thus far, this procedure has been associated with strong metabolic improvements, which has led to a marked increase in its use in daily clinical practice. However, the mechanisms underlying these metabolic effects have been poorly studied as a result of a lack of animal models. In this article, we present a reliable and reproducible model of SADI-S in mice, with a special focus on perioperative management. The description and use of this new rodent model will be helpful for the scientific community to better understand the molecular, metabolic, and structural changes induced by the SADI-S and to better define the surgical indications for clinical practice.

Single-anastomosis duodeno-ileal bypass (SADI-S) is an emerging bariatric procedure with important metabolic effects. In this article, we present a reliable and reproducible model of SADI-S in mice.

小鼠单吻合十二指肠回肠旁路与袖状胃切除术模型

Obesity is a major health issue worldwide. As a response, bariatric surgeries have emerged to treat obesity and its related comorbidities (e.g., diabetes ...

小鼠远端结肠造口术, 一种新的 C57BL/6 老鼠转移性结肠炎模型

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

“

小鼠结肠炎模型使用葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

鼠回结肠肠管切除原发性吻合

小鼠结肠吻合术的建立

慢性结肠炎相关结肠直肠癌的肿瘤切除术模型，通过卡卡贴片的精确定位

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

小鼠单吻合十二指肠回肠旁路与袖状胃切除术模型

小鼠远端结肠造口术, 一种新的 C57BL/6 老鼠转移性结肠炎模型

摘要

探索更多视频

此视频中的章节

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与​​氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

“

小鼠结肠炎模型使用葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）

鼠回结肠肠管切除原发性吻合

小鼠结肠吻合术的建立

慢性结肠炎相关结肠直肠癌的肿瘤切除术模型，通过卡卡贴片的精确定位

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

术后肠梗阻鼠模型

小鼠单吻合十二指肠回肠旁路与袖状胃切除术模型

建模结肠炎相关的癌症与氧化偶氮甲烷（AOM）和葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）